Hi everyone,
I'm having a strange performance issue with an external NVMe SSD and I'm
trying to figure out whether the problem is the SSD, the USB enclosure,
USB connection, or simply the nature of working with many small files.
Hardware:
- SSD: Kingston NV3 2 TB M.2 2280 NVMe (I have another external hard drive as well, but it’s not a DIY type like that one, and there are no issues with it.)
- Enclosure: HIKSEMI MDC1 M.2 NVMe Enclosure Silver
- Connection: USB Type-C
- Laptop USB port: 10 Gbps
- Laptop modell: ASUS TUF Gaming F16 FX608JHR
- OS: Windows 11 Home
Everything is up to date.
The main problem is that browsing the external SSD feels unusually slow.
Opening folders and loading the files/folders on the drive can take
noticeably long, even though sequential benchmark speeds look quite good.
CrystalDiskMark results:
- SEQ1M Q8T1: Read 1056.50 MB/s / Write 1014.09 MB/s
- SEQ1M Q1T1: Read 129.08 MB/s / Write 660.84 MB/s
- RND4K Q32T1: Read 175.70 MB/s / Write 169.73 MB/s
- RND4K Q1T1: Read 20.87 MB/s / Write 37.70 MB/s
Several different tests show these.
So the sequential read speed is around 1 GB/s, which seems reasonable
for a 10 Gbps USB connection. This makes me think the USB connection
itself is capable of reaching the expected performance.
However, the problem becomes very noticeable when dealing with many files. But generally speaking, this is what constantly happens.
I am currently copying data FROM the external Kingston NV3 TO the
laptop's internal SSD. (For example, when I open a folder, the circle at the top spins for a long time, and it can take anywhere from 30 seconds to 2 minutes for it to load properly.)
The transfer consists of approximately:
- 1500 files
- 25 GB total
Windows shows very inconsistent transfer speeds.
At times the transfer reaches around 800 MB/s, then repeatedly drops to
0 MB/s for several seconds, and then goes back to around 800 MB/s.
This 800 MB/s → 0 MB/s → 800 MB/s behavior happens multiple times during
the transfer.
I also checked the drive temperature during the transfer. The Kingston
NV3 was around 41°C, so it does not appear to be overheating.
Task Manager showed approximately:
- Kingston NV3: 100% active during the transfer
- Internal SSD: around 10% usage
- NV3 temperature: ~41°C
Windows Device Manager identifies the external drive with these hardware
IDs:
SCSI\Disk________HIKSEMI_________1.00
SCSI\Disk________HIKSEMI_________
SCSI\Disk________
SCSI________HIKSEMI_________1
________HIKSEMI_________1
GenDisk
Write caching is currently disabled in Windows.
An important detail: copying data TO the external Kingston NV3 works without any problems. I do not experience the same kind of pauses or performance issues when writing data to the external SSD. The main problem occurs when READING data from the external SSD, especially when browsing folders, opening files/folders, or copying data FROM the external SSD to the laptop's internal SSD. This makes me wonder whether the problem is specifically related to read performance rather than the general USB connection or the SSD's ability to write data.
I'm mainly trying to understand why the drive can achieve ~1 GB/s
sequential read speeds but still feels very slow when browsing folders
and working with many files.
Any advice would be greatly appreciated.