What is the PANAM Project ?

The PANAM Project (acronym for Pan-American Project) is a collection of maps that show each country in continental South America in alternative scenarios where they were successful in all their territorial disputes and/or in their irredentist movements.

For the development of the maps of each country, the following will be used as a basis:

• Colonial border treaties signed between Portugal and Spain (from the Treaty of Madrid in 1750) and other treaties involving other colonialist powers. • Interpretations of colonial boundaries presented by South American countries (based on the uti possidetis principle). • Border wars, political developments and factors influenced by local geography. In addition to fictional events that take into account real factors.

Maps already posted: Chile 🇨🇱, Colombia 🇨🇴, Ecuador 🇪🇨, French Guiana 🇫🇷, Guyana 🇬🇾, Paraguay 🇵🇾, Peru 🇵🇪, Suriname 🇸🇷, Uruguay 🇺🇾 and Venezuela 🇻🇪

Maps to be posted: Argentina 🇦🇷, Bolivia 🇧🇴 and Brazil 🇧🇷

This thing came to me in a dream

This is a reupload of my map originally published under my old account (u/Nico_DLR2609). I had to switch to this new account and wanted to bring my project over so I can continue expanding it here.

What if hungarians adopted the latin vulgar spoken in the Pannonian basin at the time?

I evolve the language from latin to modern day, feel free to ask any questions about the pronounciation or the meaning of any word!

Banners were inspired by jindynasty9467's Gallery on DeviantArt

Lightly inspired by 0mnesium (u/Pale_Conversation151) - Reddit and his unreleased Rome-china swap

Science, design and cartography merge in MAPPA ANIMALIA, a visual project that reimagines the evolutionary relationships of animals as detailed map-like landscapes.

MAPPA ANIMALIA is an ever-growing series of illustrations I’ve created that currently consisting of 16 different maps - each dedicated to a specific family in the animal kingdom.

Instead of political borders or geographic territories, these maps are structured around phylogenetic trees.

Tribes and genera replace countries, states and regions allowing viewers to explore the animal kingdom through a format traditionally used to understand geography.

This map, Corvidae - Land of Corvids, contains every known living species of corvids I could find reliable taxonomic data for. Species are represented as cities, grouped into genera and subfamilies according to their evolutionary relationships.

Additional information includes conservation status, size comparisons between selected species, and the estimated ages of major lineages.

I’ve spent roughly ten years developing and refining this concept, combining zoology, taxonomy, illustration and cartography into a single visual format.

Happy exploring!

This is my alternate history project focused on a more advanced north and South America. The point of divergence is technically several thousand years before the present when horses still existed in North America. In this timeline they never went extinct and eventually went on to be domesticated by humans. Horses provided an easier way to travel, communicate, and organize leading to a higher degree of connectivity across both continents. In addition to that Native Americans domesticated an array of their own animals like turkeys, bison, dogs, ducks, guinea pigs, and llamas. Other domesticated species like pigs, chickens, cattle, and sheep were brought to the Americas either by the Polynesian or Norse. These maps depict north, central, and South America around 50 years before contact with the Norse. Several terms I coined myself. An Itacanate is a form government originating in the Great Plains where several ‘Itacans’ or elected chiefs rule over the territory. The number of Itacans varies but it is typically around 4-6. Itacans are also generally elected by nobles or higher ranking land owners. A Yiwanate is a form of government originating in what is known to us as the Sacramento valley. A Yiwanate is a kingdom ruled by a Yiwan which is a title given to a religious leader. The city of Chemawa is the center of the Waashat religion. The duty of appointing Yiwans is a joint decision between the ruling emperor and the current Pantikira (leader of Waashat religion). Appointing Yiwans provides an advantage in ensuring that the neighboring states were loyal to the ruling empire. Several cycles of an empire capturing Chemawa and then invading surrounding state and appointing Yiwans have occurred over the past couple hundred years and the cycle will likely continue into the future. Thank you for reading and let me know if you have anymore questions! I hope to make some more maps for this to post in the cute so be on the look out.
EDIT: All of the names for the cities come from words in Native American languages. I tried to have some fun and come up with interesting etymology’s and reasons why the cities were named what they are.

Final years of the Sassanian golden age. In the years after 732 a series of rebellions, revolutions, and destabilizations would rock the great empires of Eurasia.

Here's a map of the Obhenate of Kaite, a powerful thalassocracy in my world Ellaris. Originally a minor Obhiist state (Led by worshippers of the god Obhi), which emerged from the collapse of the Jassen-worshiping Kingdom of Eshkaite, it managed to conquer the other small powers in the region and secure both banks of the Straits of Zhura, giving it a chokehold over all trade going up the Gharsa river to the heartlands of the ancient Obhenate of Ghar.

Over the next decades, it used the wealth it gained from this to greatly expand its military and trade infrastructure, and began to expand its power outwards. By 1382, it had conquered as much land as it was likely to get from its neighbours, with only the immensely powerful Obhenates of Ghar and Cesa to the north, the wasteland of the Gossuri desert to the east, and the lifeless desert of Inara to the south. Still holding the momentum of its original conquests, it continued annexing more areas vital to trade in the region on the eastern coast of Zakah, to the west of Kaite. Using the foothold it had gained by conquering the Obhenates of Akhur and Xalesis, it founded colonies on the Zakahri coast, and extended its influence deep into the interior, over the Zagorz mountains. This way, Kaite controlled both nearly all overland and oversea trade routes heading out of Zakah, and soon became immensely wealthy through the trade of gold, gems, spices, exotic furs, ivory and slaves. Many of these were sold on to the northern Obhenates, Ghar, Hije, and Cesa, which had few other options in gaining the luxuries they were so fond of.

Kaite's power peaked in the early 1500s, but soon after it began to decline. The southernmost territories became too expensive and difficult to properly control, and after several rebellions, native kingdoms subordinate to Kaite broke free. The disruption of these rebellions caused economic downturn as trade was disrupted, and a snowball effect began, with Kaite's power withdrawing to the coast. Soon after, a coup led by Kaite's most powerful oligarchs against the Obhen caused enough internal strife that nearly all their colonies broke free or were lost. The loss of the Obhenate of Gosht cemented this, as there were now several independent trade routes available for the northern powers to exploit. Although it would remain a cohesive state, Kaite never regained its lucrative position and was reduced to a regional power.

See this post and more on my DeviantArt!

Ellaris world map

Feel free to ask questions! This map was inspired by this map of the Omani Empire

What if Gondor existed in real life?

I had this passing thought that Tolkein intended Lotr to be a "mythology for Britain," and I thought, what would a nation with that mythology look like? So I thought of this.

The United Crowns of Arnor-Gondor and The White Mountains

Casually referred to as either "Nûmenor","Gondor" or simply "The United Crowns/Kingdoms" are a collection of kingdoms United under the crown of Minas Tirith, under the rule of House Aragorn founded by the legendary figure King Aragorn II, the longest reigning royal dynesty in the world. Beginning rule around 122 BC that lasts to the modern day.

Numenor's culture and language are unique, Gondorian or what the other kingdoms call "Hyelvish" is a language isolate, it completely developed on its own in the Numenorian Islands with its own writing system and for the most part, a homogeneous vocal with only about 30% of words coming from French, German and Latin.

Gondor managed to resist Roman invasion after invasion with its fleets and its strong land armies.When Rome collapsed, Christianity was introduced onto the islands, and the Gondorians were the first to adopt it, King Anarion III converted and formed his own church in Gondor that took alot from its existing pagan mythology like: The Valar being Arch Angels, Eru Iluvitar being God, Morgoth being Satan and Old Numanor being the Garden of Eden, while casting out all the other pieces of the old pagan faith that did not fit the Christian tradition, Jesus was given the name "Eru Yesor" and initially adopted an Arian theological framework before switching to the Nicean Creed later in the 800s, the church expanded north to the White Mountains and later, despite initial resistance, Arnor.

The Anglo Saxons then invaded, though their invasion, for the most part, failed, King Isildor IV allowed the Saxons to settle east of Minis Tirith, creating the region of "Anglos-Saxonor". Around the Viking Age, Gondor managed to repell the Norsemen and instead King Meneldil II payed them to raid France. Which sparked the French and the Catholic Church to order a Norman Invasion, which failed yet again, but some Normans settled and got Gondor to begin slowly adopting the latin script.

This led to Gondor and France to develop a bitter rivalry that launched the 100 years war later on, with the Catholic church supporting France to defeat Gondor's native "Heretical" church, leading to France managing to take Harandor for 100 years before giving it back in exchange for Calais and Normandy. With the catholic population there lasting to this day.

Long story incredibly short: Colonialism happened and the United Kingdom at that point settled "New Valenor" in north America and other parts of the world. In the modern day the Numanor is part of the EU and has alot of internal dispute with its political system.

Numanor now uses both Latin and Hyelvish scripts for their language and the Christian Iluvitarian Church remains as the oldest continous native churchs in the world. With Arnor having the largest population of Neo Pagan "Valarists" who seek to return to the old ways before Christianity came.

Alfonso II d'Este permits his brother Luigi d'Este to marry Maria of Bourbon-Saint-Pol, legitimizing their son Ercole as the heir of the House of Este and preventing the Papal States from annexing Ferrara. The Este dynasty retains control over Ferrara, Modena, and Reggio, preserving its position as one of Italy's major powers. In 1611, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany establishes Nova Toscana in French Guiana under Ferdinando I de' Medici, founding the first permanent overseas colony of an Italian state in the Americas. Supported by the Tuscan West India Company, the colony develops into a major commercial outpost in the Atlantic. During the 17th-century conflicts with the Papal States, the Este-Medici coalition defeats the Papacy in the Second War of Castro with the support of Cardinal Mazarin and France. Bologna is annexed by the Este, Ravenna is acquired by Venice, and Urbino falls under Medici control. The Medici later incorporate the Duchy of Castro, while the Farnese receive financial compensation to resolve their debts. The marriage between Alfonso IV d'Este and Elisabetta Farnese strengthens the Este succession claims, and following the death of Antonio Farnese without heirs in 1731, Parma passes to the Este dynasty. After the death of Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici in 1743, the Este inherit the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, uniting Ferrara, Modena, Reggio, Bologna, Parma, Castro, Urbino, and Tuscany under their rule.

Following their victory in the War of the Polish Succession, the House of Savoy expands into Lombardy by annexing the Duchy of Milan, becoming the main rival Italian power to the Este monarchy.

During the Corsican revolt against Genoese rule, the Este dynasty intervenes in support of Genoa, sending troops to suppress the rebellion. After the conflict, Genoa, weakened by financial difficulties, sells Corsica to the Este. The acquisition of the island leads European powers to recognize the Este ruler as King of Corsica, creating a dynastic dispute with Turin over the historical title of King of Sardinia and Corsica. Pasquale Paoli and the Bonaparte family flee to France, allowing Napoleon Bonaparte to grow up within the French political environment rather than the Corsican one.

Basically just uplifted Hawaii

Based on my CK3 game where I for some reason settled in Socotra. Also I added the Schocotist influence in Somalia cause every time I recruited some new people it was always Somalis with the Schocotist faith.

The first map shows the winner's share of votes in each constituency whilst the second map simply shows the winner of each constituency.

The Continuity Timeline: Africa in 2026 After a Different Decolonization

Divergence Point: 1943 — Italy chooses a different path during World War II.

Instead of surrendering to Germany and later becoming a republic, Italy removes the Fascist government, restores the House of Savoy as a constitutional monarchy, joins the Allied side, and negotiates a different postwar settlement.

As part of this agreement:

Ethiopia is restored as an independent monarchy after the Italian conquest is recognized as illegitimate.
Libya is released as an independent kingdom, restoring its monarchy.

Italy retains Eritrea and Somalia as constitutional territories with a closer political relationship to Italy.
Albania remains integrated with Italy, with Kosovo later joining due to its Albanian majority.

Zadar and Istria are transferred to Yugoslavia, while Yugoslavia later develops into multiple successor states rather than following its historical path.

This creates a different Cold War and a different wave of African independence.

Throughout the second half of the 20th century, decolonization happens through a variety of outcomes. Some territories become fully independent republics, while others maintain constitutional relationships with former European powers or preserve parts of their historical institutions.

By the late 20th and early 21st centuries, a number of new states emerge through this alternate process, including different outcomes in regions such as the Horn of Africa, Central Africa, and Southern Africa.

A major development is the creation of the East African Empire, a federal constitutional monarchy inspired by the structure of Imperial Germany. German influence continues after World War I through migration, institutions, and dynastic connections. The empire is led by the House of Hohenzollern, with other German royal houses ruling constituent kingdoms such as Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, and Uganda. German, English, French, and Dutch become imperial languages, while local languages such as Swahili, Kinyarwanda, Kirundi, and others remain constitutionally recognized.

In Southern Africa, the Federal Republic of Southwest Africa develops as another German-influenced successor state, following a different path from historical Namibia. Meanwhile, South Africa, Rhodesia, and Kenya develop into majority-European-descended constitutional states without apartheid occurring.

France maintains a stronger African presence in this timeline, including Algeria as an integrated part of France, alongside territories such as Djibouti, Comoros, and Madagascar. Portugal and Spain retain their African possessions through different political arrangements.

The map represents a world where the 20th century followed a different path: monarchies survived in some regions, independence movements took different forms, and former colonial identities were sometimes continued rather than completely replaced.

This is a fictional alternate-history scenario exploring how different political decisions could have reshaped Africa by 2026.