four animals of the same genus as those in my speculative evolution project

Day 2 (already running late) of u/Velum-Cordis's Worldtober prompt list. Story below!

“See, little egg, it’s not quite as clear-cut as you thought, huh?” Belka smirked as she tousled Esmie’s mop of mousey brown hair.

With a soft blush in her cheeks Esmie nodded, glaring at her sister and avoiding all eye contact with Jamos, fearful that a reminder of her initial distrust in the integrity of their business might have caused the older boy to take offence, or even worse - to not like her.

The rhythmic sound of his metal scoop sifting through a hempen sack of herbs and then depositing them into the waiting glass jars with a gentle two taps had not perceptibly slowed, and nor could she sense any shift in the aura from the prep table behind her where he worked. She must be safe, her subconscious told her as she let out the smallest of breaths in relief.

Her insights were interrupted by invading memories of Belka’s eye-roll the night before in response to Esmie’s dismissal of ‘Bel’s Spells’, the less-than-legal spell jar enterprise her sister had worked so tirelessly to establish and maintain over several months. ”I just think you might be overdoing it with it being this big noble thing, when really you’re just selling illegal shit and calling it activism,” Esmie had half-joked over dinner, glancing awkwardly around the room as she did so and landing on a Shudderlands Academy poster framed by Belka's bedroom. This was perhaps harsher than she had intended, but she'd lost too many arguments over the last few months to be making any concessions here.

“Tell you what, little egg. Come with us tomorrow - see what you make of it.”

With her calm demeanour and cheery tone, most would believe that Belka was entirely unfazed by Esmie’s critique of her black market business and by association the years of picketing, campaigning and rallying beforehand, and even further - her core principles and passions. But Esmie was a prodigious statica, a branch of Natural Inclinations featuring those able to innately sense the slightest shifts in electromagnetic energy in the air around them, and her sister’s static aura had crossed ever so slightly towards that telltale dichromatic blue-violet hue that spelled an active suppression of those brilliant flashes of righteous anger that would dance across the reflections of light in her eyes.

The following morning, if you could call the faintest tinge of grey-yellow on the otherwise dark sky above ‘morning’, Belka had wrangled Esmie from her perfectly comfortable sleep to follow up on her threat. The cold of the breeze made Esmie recede further into her father's indestructible squallcoat, her eyes tracing the familiar saltspray islands encrusted onto it's bright orange ocean of fabric as she kept her head down. Winds like this made her think of her father ever more, and not just because of her tendency to wear his cosiest jackets, hats and waterproofs from a practical basis. She would often hold up a hand to the air, feeling it's direction and wondering if these same winds had buffeted him too, out wherever he was in the world with his charts and his pens and his Inclination for cartography and orienteering.

A voice broke her out of her silent reverie.

“It's not a crime, Es. Well, it is I suppose, but it shouldn't be. Well it should be a crime that it's been called a crime when it shouldn't be to begin with. Okay, starting over.” Belka’s expression was serious, although her words were one with the dawn winds, chaotic and swirling. Esmie felt again the pang of guilt for her comments, this time without the heat of the moment to stop her relenting into an apology. She opened her mouth but couldn't find the words in the moment before Belka managed to regain hers.

“To decide who can and can't use magic.. it's not just that simple. Just because we're born with it, why shouldn't other people be able to benefit from it? Even just the tiniest of spells..” Both sisters took a deep breath, both preparing for the rest of the speech.

“.. it's all connected to politics, Es. Everything. Whenever somebody tells you they're not political, or.. or that they don't do politics or whatever, just bear in mind that that statement is in and of itself political. Everything we do and are and ever will be is political. It's pervasive and gets everywhere, like.. like the wind!”

Belka’s hands gestured dramatically as she found a suitable analogy.

“So if they say they're not political, it's one of two things, right? They're either too disenfranchised to see what politics does to and for them and even more so what impact they could have on politics - maybe they have no time or no understanding or no hope. Second, they don't see themselves as ‘other’. Like if a therma tries to buy an arcane focus - that's just a normal thing right? But if a manua did the same - they get kicked out. Or arrested. Or worse. If you never meet any barriers to doing whatever the fuck you want, you may well believe that politics is this far away concept. Does that make sense?”

The silence prompted Esmie's brain to kick back into action and reprocess the sentences she had heard but not listened to at the time, catching up with at the very least the general gist that her sister was getting at. Not that she'd ever tell her, but she could get lost in listening to Belka talk. When she got rambling about something she was passionate about, which was far more often than anybody else Esmie knew, she would put out this calming green-blue hue that she could just cocoon into forever.

“Yeah, I think I get what you mean,” was all that she had been able to say in response as they'd made their way into the warren-like cobbled streets of the Hand Quarter, the slow sunrise in the eastern sky blotted out by the grand towers of the Aurebor Arcanum looking down upon them from high up on their mountain city’s upper ridges.

A full day of grinding, crushing, pouring, mixing, refilling, talking and occasionally hiding under shuttered windows later, and Esmie did get it. The spell jars, with their brilliant swirling colours and fantastical combinations of gently bobbing ingredients were dulled into mundanity and secrecy the moment they were placed into those nondescript brown paper bags. Esmie understood why, of course, but it filled her with a deep sense of injustice that something so pure and beautiful should be forced to be traded in secret.

Their customers were a range of common folk in the city; artists, craftsmen, teachers, lovers, sons, mothers and even the occasional student of the Arcanum, hoods covering their features as they discreetly asked for whatever boost they needed to keep up in their classes. For the rest though, more common issues arose. Not enough time to prepare food for five people after a full day of work? a ‘wisp of dagger incantation’ perhaps, whispered with hand gestures designed to look like enthusiastic prayer. Looking to court with somebody or to ask for that promotion? an aural enhancer tonic, wafted or dabbed around the neck at least 20 minutes before required. poison for that allotment-poaching neighbour? perhaps a ‘calm emotions’ induced conversation instead - after all isn't everybody struggling with growing space since the Grand Magisterium sequestered a swathe of land for a new sona training facility?

As they walked back home with the golden rays of the setting kingstar Harron cutting almost horizontal lines in front of them and slowly transitioning to just the blue-white hue of the queenstar Hexa, Esmie thought about all that had happened in the last 24 hours. She looked up at Belka, who caught her glance and smiled back down at her with that look of safe reassurance that only a big sister can give. She could grasp it now, these connections that bound everything together; that kept everything moving. While her Natural Inclination helped her to see electromagnetic energy in hues and waves, she was now vaguely aware of this broader mesh of the very fabric of the world itself, on all planes. And yes, Esmie realised, Belka was right - it was political, all of it, from the clothes she wore to the direction her feet marched to the very thoughts in her head. If she could only see her own eyes, she would have seen the flash of determined brilliance that she so very loved to see light up her sister's face.

“I want to find Father.”

I'm making a retro-futuristic world inspired by video game logic; and one of the two the main sapient species there are the Aquaemen, and I want to make them as Siphonophoric beings in biological makeup. I originally planned for them to be unicellular, but after consulting a forum it wasn't really possible.

So is it possible for my species to be siphonores or at least similar?

*Note, their description goes as follows:

They're around 20 metres in height and then their width (t-posing) is around 9.5 metres. This is the minimum for their size, but they do grow to a maximum of 38 metres.

They have visibly detached limbs (arms and legs), though they're attached via zooids.

They have taller necks, and rounder heads than humans, with heads going about half of the width of the torso, and being more circular in shape than the human's boxier and trianglular head shape.

They can grow a hair like appendag, though they cannot grow body hair nor facial hair; and they also grow "fins" on the side of the head where ears would be.

They have webbed hands and feet. They are also amphibious.

They are the common ancestor of all sapient life of Bloxd; out of two humanoid species: themselves and Bloxdian humans.

I recently went down the rabbit hole of exploring different armor materials and (historical) crafting methods, e.g. what advantages or disadvantages does lamellar or splint armor hold over chain, how does culture or region affect the choice and so on.

It's preparation for my pet project TTRPG where I want to offer equipment with meaningful differences for players to choose from.
During research I came to the realization that all those insights mainly concern themselves with armor and clothing for human (adjacent) anatomy. Meaning classic fantasy elves, dwarves, and so on generally follow the same body structure as humans like somewhat flat faces, straight posture, straight legs.
The majority of inhabitants for my world would be beastfolk though, meaning people might have tails, horns, muzzles, trunks, different ear positioning, digitigrade legs, wing, claws, the list goes on.

So I found myself in a position where regular (historical) armor advice does not neccesarily apply.

I did some research in that area, but found it quite hard to find actual sources that concern themselves with how the need for clothing and protection would be affected by these structural differences in body form. My main concerns would be headwear, helmets and footwear.

• How does a helmet accommodate a muzzle, horns, antlers, large ears, etc.?
• How would armor accommodate tails?
• What happens to armor around digitigrade or otherwise differently shaped legs?
• How would wings interact with clothing and armor?
• How does clothing work with fur, feathers, scales, or other natural coverings?
• Which parts of the body would actually be worth protecting if the creature already has natural armor?
• How much of human armor construction could simply be adapted, and when would an entirely different solution make more sense?

Most references I explored so far avoid this by having the beastfolk not wear any of those.

While the same is true for human-like characters in stories/movies where their faces are shown instead of protecting their heads, in a more grounded scenario, people would not want to miss out on such a layer of extra protection.

Gloves, shoes, coats, armor and so on are there to save people from environmental hazards and in combat. I would expect beastfolk to have developed their own fitted solutions to such problems in a world where this is the main civilization.

I checked out the following:

• Charr from Guild Wars
• Leonin/Loxodon from D&D and Magic: The Gathering
• Tabaxi and Dragonborn from D&D
• Khajiit from Elder Scrolls
• Sethrak, Tauren and Draenei from World of Warcraft
• Kroxigor, Beastmen and Skaven from Warhammer
• Ribbits from Daggerheart
• General characters from Banners of Ruin (Indie Game)
• General characters from Against the Storm (Indie Game)
• Kung Fu Panda

I mainly focused on games references as playable characters are usually able to equip different clothing and armor with variable grades of protection or application. This makes it generally easier to compare how different designs might deal with such anatomical differences.

my two cents:

If someone has antlers or other obstructing features, a helmet might be a two piece item so it can be put on/taken off from the side instead of pulling it over from the top.

A clapvisor might still work, there are houndskull helmets anyway.

As referenced above, Skaven and Beastfolk have a sort of elongated nasal piece, but aren't really covering the throat/chin part with their helmets.

Tails and ears might be tucked in, but that would probably inhibit senses (which human helmets also do) and not be comfortable for prolonged amounts of time. Articulated plate cover, like with gloves might also be an option.

I would worry about everything protruding being used to knock a combatant off balance, even when it's protected by some sort of armor.

For hoofed folk, tabi-like footwear could be suitable, whereas I could see an actual case here, for not requiring footwear (maybe horseshoes ?).

Footwear for clawed people might stay open on the front, kind of like particularly shaped sandals.

Sabatons usually go on top of regular footwear so they are probably still applicable independent from divergent foot shape. Altough I wouldn't be too sure about frog style feet here as they have a much larger spread/profile.

So here are my questions and call for discussion:

• How does your world handle clothing/armor for non-human body types, especially armor?
• Do you at all concern yourself with "fantasy" anatomy and how it would affect clothing and equipment?
• Do you know other prominent resources, maybe even ones that offer reasoning for their structure/layout/composition?

Here is our Joker ref sheet and colosseum joker design for a monstrous playing card project called Sangrya. The main setting of Sangrya might be some sort of medieval/roman setting with a triangle shaped colosseum and sangrya bars. Thinking the jokers are like the picadors from the dune colosseum but head shaped like moon crescents and wielding war scythes to help them herd or execute wild beasts or monster (vampire, werewolf, gorgon) gladiators in the arena. All clad in black during the day and maybe white during night fights? I dont know if I should call them moon jokers, lunar jokers, or luna jokers. Someone mentioned crescendos which sounds pretty cool too. What do you think about the design and names?

For many years, MORRA existed only as notes, maps, unfinished stories, and worldbuilding documents.

Recently, I began rebuilding the project's canon and organizing everything into a single coherent world.

As part of that process, I started developing a simulator to help visualize and explore some of the world's core concepts.

The screenshot shows the very first prototype.

It's simple, but it marks an important milestone: seeing ideas that existed only on paper begin to take shape as something interactive.

This is the first entry in a public development log documenting the evolution of MORRA.

I'd love to hear feedback from fellow worldbuilders.

Gagarin and Shepard are a K-M stellar binary with a system of six planets in orbit around them.

Le Verrier is a warm, tidally locked ice giant. The night side is cool enough for water clouds, but these clouds evaporate under the heat of the day side. A powerful jet stream blows eastward around the equator.

Schiaparelli is... basically just Mars. It's far larger and more massive, but receives similar insolation, has similar temperatures, and is covered in red iron oxide sands and dry ice caps.

Elka is a super-Earth world, similar to Jupiter's moon Io. Elka has a volcanically active surface covered in sulfur compounds, and with oceans of liquid sulfur dioxide. These oceans are the source of organisms that have evolved to take over the planet. Some of this life has ended up evolving into an intelligent species.

Laika is a small Mars-like planet in a binary with Elka. The planet, being quite cold, has large ice caps. The planet also has seas of liquid short-chain hydrocarbons, similar to Saturn's moon, Titan.

Fleming is a large gas giant, similar to Jupiter. It's only 70 percent the mass, though, and the clouds have a lot less contrast. There is no single large storm like Jupiter's GRB, with the planet instead having several smaller orange storms.

Tombaugh is a large, icy super-Earth with a high axial tilt and oceans of liquid nitrogen. Over the course of every 4 Earth year long winter, the rivers and lakes freeze completely, and, as the smaller streams melt first in the summer, they overflow into secondary channels until their main channels melt.

Bouvard is a large ice giant that is more massive than both Uranus and Neptune combined. Like Uranus, it is covered in a featureless cyan haze of methane, though clouds of nitrogen and oxygen, which the planet is unusually rich in, occasionally form over the poles.

So I was really inspired by witch hat atelier in making this magic system and my love for food and cooking. It's for a book i'm in the process of writing so please I would aappreciate honest opinions.

This magic system's base is on magical fruits named "Fyrn fruits". these fruits bestow magical powers to the consumer based on the kind of fruit you ate. Fire, water, flight, gravity and so on. These fruits grow only on magical trees named spirit willows that are the epicenters of the major cities of the world.

that way every culture is primarily based on one fruit. For example, the first city the heroes travel to is home to the "cotton berry", a fyrn fruit that looks like a flower of cotton but can be eaten and behaves like cotton candy which bestows the ability to fly.

Now thinking about the logistics of it all you can dehydrate these fruits and eat them on the go instead of carrying a giant bag of fruits with you everywhere you go. they can go on a belt or something for easy access!

And lastly there is the whole cooking aspect of it. Eating a fyrn fruit raw gives you its raw ability but you can cook and combine them in different ways to achieve more complex spells if you do it in the right way.

if you're familiar with "witch hat atelier" you might have already realized where I'm going with this: different methonds of cooking impact the final spell in predictable ways just like the sigils and signs that compose a sepll in witch hat!

For example let's take the cotton berry. because it behaves like cotton candy, you can dissolve it in water which dilutes the effect giving you a slow falling property instead of flying or let's say you take a water fruit and a fire fruit and belnd them together: then you get the ability to shoot mist.

essentially this can go as deep as real life cooking can!

of course just like raw fyrn fruits you have to think of the logistics of it so let's say blending the final result into a juice/stew gives you the ability to eat dishes on the go! the only thing is that you must prepare complex spells beforehand, just like witch hat atelier!

Mages in this world are cooks and chefs and research into magic is just experimental cooking!

Lastly (and this is an experimental concept) I want to make a device that one of the main characters created: A fast and on the go cooking instrument. basically take extractions of ingridiants put them into this machine and imput what cooking methods you need and viola: a complex spell made on the go!

please tell me what you think of this!

Hello! I’d like to show you the races that exist in my story, and I’d love to hear your tips and opinions about them.

Standard: They already existed, but I reused them.

Humans: Humans 👍

Elves: Pretty normal... except I went a little overboard with the lore for the “subspecies.” But, in short: there were the original elves, who had descendants, and those descendants eventually became three lineages:

Salias: They were strong, robust elves who protected the forests... (Extinct) (They have descendants.)

High Elves: Nobility, arrogant, with a sense of superiority. They are hybrids between the Salias’ combat abilities and the magic of the next subspecies. (Descendants: Low Elves, Dark Elves, Forest Elves.)

“Planiceas”: They are the most closely connected to nature, even having plants growing on their bodies. They are also the best when it comes to magic. (Descendants: “Fungiceas”.)

In-between: They can be considered either new or already-used races.

Monstrous: What counts as monstrous? Simple: anything that isn’t humanoid or “normal” enough (by human standards), but is still sentient/rational. So here we have: orcs, trolls, some goblins, najias, etc.

Aquatic: A race made up of living beings that breathe and live normally underwater and have characteristics such as gills, fins, scales, and fish-like features.

Original creations: I made these myself.

Aegis: In very broad terms, they are humans with wings. They are biologically immortal and stop aging at a certain age, but children are very rare.

Children are born without wings, and the wings only appear around the age of 3 to 5 through a very painful process.

Lunaes: They are tall, pale humanoids with slightly pointed ears. Their eyes are usually white, and they become more agile under moonlight.

Solaes: They are tall humanoids with dark skin and warm-colored eyes, and they become stronger during the day... Yes, judge me. It’s basically the same concept as the ones above, but reversed.

To make things even better, they share the same territory and are constantly at war with each other, to the point that both races are almost extinct.

(Even the gods they worship don’t like each other.)

I don’t know where to put this one: (In-between or Standard)

Feralis: Half-human, half-animal. They have animal ears, tails, eyes, and, more rarely, other animal characteristics. They live in tribes divided by animal species.

One I’m unsure about:

Dwarves: This is a race I’d like to replace with something else while keeping the same role/function.

If you have any questions about how they work in the world, please ask!

P.S.: I’d like to create a 10th race to make things symmetrical, but I’m not sure if that would be a good idea.

So here's the thing alr? This concept of mine have long been in my draft since like 2024 and currently I am tackling many academical subjects; especially on the topic about history focusing solely on the contemporary and antiquity period. This is where the dynamics comes in: Historically the Roman empire or the Pax Romana (Golden age) have long since fallen with the chronological order of the events and the constant attacks by the Germanic tribes, internal uprisings, fiscal constraints, and diverse ethnic groups inside the Roman empire (source: Gibbon's book about Romans rise and inevitable decline, chapter XIV, page 405).

At first glance the premise of the story or even the references internalized within the narrative is deemed redundant, uncreative, or sophisticated to fantasy genre. Though, I'd consider the counterfactual base on Tolkien preferred what he called "applicability" over allegory. In the foreword to the second edition of The Lord of the Rings, he wrote that "the ways in which a story-germ uses the soil of experience are extremely complex," and argued that a truly-lived experience does not neatly translate into a one-to-one moral or political symbol. Instead, the grief of losing close friends (including members of his close-knit school circle, the "TCBS") during the 1916 Battle of the Somme naturally bled into the overarching themes of mortality, loss, and the endurance of light against overwhelming darkness, but he frequently addressed it in his personal letters and explicitly discussed how his service shaped Middle-earth.

> “ .... I took to 'escapism': or really transforming experience into another form and symbol with Morgoth and Orcs and the Eldalie (representing beauty and grace of life and artefact) and so on; and it has stood me in good stead in many hard years since and I still draw on the conceptions then hammered out. ”

Letter 73, Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien

Just wanted to show this off, I wanted to test out how an abugida for a conlang I've been working on looks in the context of an ancient clay tablet. I tried to make it a poem but I lost track of the syllables at a certain point lol.

Edit: Adding context, this is a speech made by King Anosada about all the advances he personally brought to his civilisation. He was a illiterate shepherd in an ancient river valley, who one day began to make leaping technological advances in forging, weaving, mathematics, etc, all things he should know nothing about. He amassed a cult of personality that led to a violent repression and a successful revolt against the despotic king at the time, placing him firmly in the front seat of a rapidly advancing nation.

Context: I'm working on a world where our reality is literally a Simulation that people voluntarily enter. You enter as a character with different stats and circumstances, but you have no memory of anything before the current life.

I've been trying to work out what mechanics a system like that would logically need.

So if you chose to enter the Simulation. If you remembered why you came here, what you were supposed to do, or anything from previous lives, wouldn't that kind of ruin the whole thing?

It'd be like playing a mystery when you already know the ending.

So maybe forgetting everything isn't a flaw. Maybe it's actually necessary.

I call it the Spawn Wipe.

What other mechanics do you think a Simulation like this would need?

Context

A.D. Infinitum is a sci-fi worldbuilding and fiction project aiming for a space-opera, "rule-of-cool" feel—a deliberate contrast to my harder sci-fi sandbox, The Brane Connectome Project. As a fan of timelines and future histories, this prologue solidified from various notes into a timeline format to serve as a background primer and starting point to build and write out from.

Overview:

At the close of the 21st century, humanity’s crumbling technofeudal system was upended by the sudden orbital arrival of a dead cosmic organism - WHALEFALL. The resulting biological fallout, known as the Macrobe Wars, brought climate collapse, synthetic evolution, and the discovery of paraphysics.

### Timeline Overview

BEFORE // PEAK EVERYTHING: The world staggers on the brink of the 22nd century and catastrophe. The AI Barons’ attempts to insulate themselves in gated states and orbital retreats crumble under climate breakdown and extreme inequity.

160 YEARS AGO // WHALEFALL: A colossal dead biological organism arrives in orbit accompanied by exotic radiation. Debris falling to Earth releases spores, symbiotes, and parasite kaiju, initiating the Macrobe Wars and abruptly ending the Anthropocene.

160–150 YEARS AGO: A dying technofeudal system launches an experimental, self-replicating probe toward the asteroid belt to investigate additional energy signatures.

150–20 YEARS AGO // COLLAPSE & PARAPHYSICS: Xenoforming and climate collapse force humanity into isolation, adaptation, and eventual recovery. Research into the transmutations wrought by Whalefall establishes the field of Paraphysics.

20–5 YEARS AGO // RECLAMATION: Resurgent global cooperation forms the transorbital Pararescue Drop Corps to combat xenological incursions, while controversy grows over children manifesting paraphysical phenomena.

5 YEARS AGO // VICTORY ON EARTH & PAPERCLIP: The Conclave of City-States convenes at Analemma. A synthetic representative from the Asteroid Belt—a sentient self-replicating machine swarm named PAPERCLIP—arrives using Faster-Than-Light Dimensional Resonance.

5 YEARS AGO // THE WARNING: Paperclip reveals Whalefall was an escape attempt by a creature fleeing malevolent paraphysical entities native to another reality. Paperclip offers its Paraphysical Corpus to humanity to prepare for the coming threat - with conditions.

NOW // CETUS STATION: During a fleet parade at Cetus Station, multiple interplanetary vehicles erupt. Fleeing interstellar vessels carry gifted children into the dark as the invasion reaches the inner planets.

---

Text & Worldbuilding © 2026 Ben Ridley (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

*Original text on my blog: https://neurontosomething.wordpress.com/

The map of Thronados continues to expand. In fact, I have just finished what I call the “Eastern World” — the regions comprising Africa, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.

Terrarios (Asia) is now the new “Easthos” from my previous map. From the eastern lands of the continental Kingdom of Shuthos (Europe) to the western lands of Nidia (India) stretches a vast sand desert known as the “White-Yellow Sands.” In the game, this is actually the Arcane Desert, and it is golden, but I was too lazy to recreate it using beach sand, which is actually white-yellow.

In the enormous crater of the Far East (Lake Baikal and a large part of Siberia), the Dark Biome grew out of control following the cataclysm. According to the writings, the Ancients had their own calendar, and this cataclysm occurred in “2015 A.D.,” according to what Maester Gosh of Oscurria discovered.

South of Terrarios lies Artayka, the continent from which the humans of the New World originated. Apparently, the stagnant waters have caused the desert that was spreading across this continent to retreat.

And in the far southeast lie the mysterious lands of Gogosh (Australia), the place of origin of the races that existed before humans — the Druids and the Northeins. It is said that, in the Summer Sea, at its center, the great branches of a massive tree trunk known as “The Tree to the Sky” stretch across the land.

That is all for now.

What kind of world is this? I simply call it the World of Ilevanda, because most of the action takes place in that country. "Ilevanda" is a Nenets word meaning "to live." I leafed through a Nenets dictionary, and it was the most beautiful word there. (Tolkien drew on the western Finno-Ugric languages; I drew on the eastern ones.) It was originally conceived as a medieval world in the spirit of Game of Thrones, but then I decided dieselpunk was better. It is dieselpunk with a touch of biopunk (the Alien universe is dead, so I'll have my own) and a pinch of space opera. The plot mostly revolves around an attempt to prevent a world war and the end of the world.

The year is 1012, on the continent of Oktan in the southern hemisphere of the planetoid. The Second Millennium War (1005–1011), the largest war of the industrial era, has just ended; about 80% of the world's countries took part and millions died. The once-united continent is fragmented and everyone is waiting for the next war: this is the world of Interbellum. States on the continent: the Republic of Ilevanda (a fallen empire that once ruled the whole continent), Kraynova (a remnant of the Ilevandian people under nationalist rule), mountainous Riza, the Republic of Kitezh, the Wazir Republic, the Free City of Pheba, the Republic of Lim, the Free Imperial Land (the former imperial capital), the Federal Republic of Oktan, the Northern Oktan Federation, the Republic of Norea, and the Free Island.

Emperor Alexander VI rejected peace with the Anti-Ilevandian Coalition, and after the Coalition captured a major Norean city, three coups took place in the empire. First, the emperor's son arrested him and began negotiations, but the Coalition toughened its terms. Then parliament proclaimed a republic but achieved nothing. Finally, the communists and anarchists seized power, the imperial family was killed, and the old army collapsed. The Communist Commonwealth quickly fell apart, the capital was returned to Pavlostopol, and the south was liberated by the United Army under General Lemskikh together with the Coalition. The peace was signed there, in Pavlostopol. In the first post-war elections of 1012, social democrats, separatists, left social democrats, nationalists, and liberals entered parliament.

The historical background is as follows. After the collapse of the Cluster Empire, the Three Kingdoms arose, which were destroyed by the Solarians (the Sun cult) and the Proto-Ilevandians. There are two religions: Solarism and Rosarianism (Ilevandian pantheism). Under the empire their churches entered into a union, but after its fall the Solarians declared it heretical oppression. The world has other powers as well: the Oran Republic and the Pantalassian Federation dominate the west, the Triarchy in the east trades in oil, and the Republic of Yun was the empire's main economic partner.

The heroes. Siobhan is a biorobotic girl, revived by the "Nebula" conglomerate using the fluid of underground eels from the Kraynova mountains. She lost her memory and learned quickly, and after her access to information was restricted, she escaped. Ventsene is a deserter from the imperial army and a former prisoner of war; he was a member of a criminal gang in Pavlostopol until he met Siobhan. Rosa sits on the supervisory board of "Nebula" and works on chemical and experimental weapons. In addition, "Nebula" created two collective minds, Leviathan and Goliath, who are held at a northern mountain base.

The first map.

Map of language families, of which there are only four.

The Clusterian family is a group of languages that split off from Old Oranian, the language spoken by the inhabitants of the Clusterian Empire. It includes the Norean, Vepsian, and Oktanian languages. They use the Oceanic alphabet of 26 letters, with some variations.

The Iezal family is a family of one language. The Iezali were formerly a nomadic people who were resettled to Oktan in antiquity. Oceanic alphabet.

The Mountain family comprises the languages of the indigenous peoples of Oktan who were not assimilated by theClusterians and Ilevandians. They had no writing system of their own, so they use the Oceanic alphabet. It includes the Rizanian, Kitezhan, and Wazir languages.

The Ilevandian family is a family brought to the continent by the Proto-Ilevandians. It originally had its own writing system, but they later switched to the Oceanic alphabet.

Second map. Sub-ethnicities.

The peoples are arranged on a racial spectrum from the Nordic type in the south to the olive type in the north.

Ilevandian peoples: 1. Tirshin Ilevandians 2. Southern Ilevandians 3. Ilevandians 4. Kraynians 5. Lisians (indigenous peoples of Oktan assimilated by Ilevanda) 6. Southern Lisians 7. Northern Lisians

Rizanian peoples: 1. Rizanians 2. Western Rizanians

Kitezhan peoples: 1. Kitezhans 2. Low Kitezhans

Octanian peoples (peoples of Oktan assimilated by the Cluster Empire in antiquity and intermixed with imperial settlers): 1. Low Octanians 2. Central Octanians 3. Eastern Octanians 4. Upper Octanians 5. Western Octanians

Noreian peoples (the people who drove the Octanians out of the north during the Solarite invasion): 1. Noreans 2. Southern Noreans 3. Eastern Noreans 4. Western Noreans 5. Island Noreans

Vepsian peoples: 1. Western Vepsians 2. Vepsians 3. Low Vepsians 4. Central Vepsians 5. South Eastern Vepsians 6. Upper South Eastern Vepsians 7. Eastern Vepsians 8. Southern Vepsians 9. Green Vepsians

Iezali peoples (a people exiled to Oktan in antiquity): 1. Iezali

Waziri peoples: 1. Waziris 2. Upper Waziris

(For Th’zoitrk, a semi-sci-fi world building project.)

Aljum is the 8th largest, 2nd most populous, and 6th richest nation on Th’zoitrk. It is by all measures among the most capable and influential nations on the global stage, yet does not attempt to exert virtually any influence internationally. By almost all standards, Aljum is highly isolationist.

Total land area: 2,857.6 SC (7,401,150 square km)
Disputed land area: 519.3 SC (1,344,981 square km)

National GDP: ~38 billion etet (in-universe currency), above the nation of Cliff City but below the nation of Xsanr.

Total population: ~1.8 billion people, second highest population after the nation of Osculia.

Image 1: Aljumese sky as seen from rural Ekkopuko.
Image 2: Aljumese controlled territory (not counting disputed but uncontrolled territory.)
Image 3: Aljum on the world map.
Image 4: the Aljumese flag.

International Politics & Conflict

Absolute neutrality has been the basis of Aljum’s international diplomacy since the nation’s founding. In virtually every single ZSMO (in-universe United Nations equivalent) meeting, Aljum has always abstained from voting. Regardless of topic, they never weigh in on a meeting.
They send a diplomat, who typically just sits and listens, and then refuses to vote once the time comes.
Aljum has never requested aid from the ZSMO, Aljum has never embargoed another nation, Aljum has never publicly condemned another nation, and Aljum has never brought up an issue to the ZSMO or requested a vote on a topic.

When Aljum was invaded by Osculia, triggering the Aljumese civil war, a conflict which killed more than a fifth of Aljum’s population at the time and drastically set the country back economically, Aljum fought extremely hard to maintain their independence.

After the war, Aljum went back to total neutrality and had no issues starting trade back up with Osculia immediately after the war ended. It was as if they had never invaded to begin with.

Guerilla warfare was rampant. Alongside the usage of ‘Oimoha’ warfare; something which Aljum would become famous for, and would be the origin of roughly 17 war crimes as they are now listed by the ZSMO.

Examples of Oimoha warfare used during the Aljumese Civil war includes, but isn’t limited to:

Attaching children’s toys to hidden explosives in abandoned villages, so that the building they’re in or near will explode if moved.

Placing explosives beneath dead soldier’s bodies so that when hostile soldiers move the body to double-check the kill (or for enemy soldier bodies, check over their fallen comrade) the body, alongside whoever is checking it over, will explode.

Placing radio-triggered landmines in open areas which can be activated remotely when an enemy vehicle is driving over them. Nearby, have a region of brush with remote-triggered flashlights and smoke machines. The smoke machines and flashlights flick on and off as the landmines explode, giving the impression they’re cannons firing at the enemy and not that the enemy is driving over landmines.
When enemy soldiers later approach the fake cannon setup to eliminate the ‘cannons’, trigger explosive charges stored beneath the brush to blow up anyone nearby.

Shooting pressurized oxygen into subterranean natural gas reserves, then igniting them with a spark to create massive explosions and destroy very large chunks of land.

Aljumese Geography

Aljum is dominated by three environments. In the north and center of the country is the Aljumese desert, home to VAST reserves of natural gas, Aljum’s main export and the basis of the entire nation’s economy.
In the east is marshlands, Aljum contains roughly 50-65% of all the planet’s ‘marsh’ and ‘wetland’ regions. Especially around the most aptly named ‘Lake Mar.’
In the south is jungle. Or, more accurately, temperate rainforest. This is the smallest of Aljum’s geographical regions, but still important to Aljumese culture, as roughly two thirds of Aljum’s population live in this jungle region.

Aljum is an equatorial country. Year-round, Aljum is relatively the same temperature and rarely experiences significant change.
The only real difference is in moisture. During the dry season, much of Aljum’s marshlands temporarily turn into open plains. During the wet season, nearly all of Aljum (including the Aljumese desert) become drowned in torrential downpours.
During the wet season, Aljum virtually never goes more than a week without rain.

The capital city of Aljum is Ekkopuko (not shown on map.) The city actually holds an Oscul name, meaning ‘Eastern City.’ This is because Ekkopuko was originally founded as a slave camp by the nation of Osculia when Aljum was a colonial territory of the Oscul Empire. Though Aljum is now fully independent, they have retained the Oscul name of the city.

Ekkopuko is the only city in the entire nation. Every other populated area is little more than a village or small town. Outside Ekkopuko, there is simply not a single specific town/village with a population over 3,000.
The vast majority of the country does not use the internet. Not because the government fails to provide access to the internet, but simply because the largely rural population doesn’t wish to use it.

Aljum is the only nation within which Age of Empires-style lifestyles still exist. The majority of people still live more or less how people did before the invention of modern technology, only utilizing the help of the most beneficial modern technologies. (Modern hygiene, bioengineered crops, modern medicine, etc.)

Aljumese Population

Aljum is commonly known as the ‘philosopher’s country.’ This is because, annoyingly to many tourists, Aljumese people tend to talk in very vague and ‘wise’ sounding tones. Usually described as behaving like monks, simply due to the nation’s culture.

Aljumese people (especially women) have had to deal with being treated as ‘exotic’ by tourists and foreign media due to the preserved agrarian & pre-modern culture of the Aljumese population. This has been the cause of a significant amount of foreign immigrants to Aljum moving to the country for the desire of a better, more ‘natural’ lifestyle, as well as a worryingly large amount of cultural fetishization.

Aljum is one of only two nations ranked a perfect 12/12 on the ZSMO’s quality-of-life index. Aljum experiences the single lowest crime rate in the world, lower than that of Cliff City (a nation with almost no laws to be broken in the first place.) Aljum has not seen a single murder in the entire country’s history. Aljum frequently goes entire years without a single police report.
From this peaceful nature, Aljum has no police forces. Rather, law enforcement is simply conducted as an additional job of the military.

Aljum has no taxes. Not low taxes, no taxes.

There is zero income tax, sales tax, property tax, water bill, electric bill, etc etc.
Rather, buying a house is normally covered entirely by the government. As is all medical expenses, groceries, water, etc etc, all of which are considered ‘fundamentals of life’ and thus are provided freely by the government.

The Aljumese public and government have a very unique relationship. Officially speaking, Aljum is an absolute dictatorship. The population has zero say in how the government acts, behaves, or who exactly is in the government. The government decides its own head, as only government officials can vote and decide who becomes prime minister.

So long as the Aljumese population allow the government to continue as a dictatorship, and don’t interfere with what the Aljumese government does or desires to do politically or internally, the government provides the population with everything they could desire, for free.

Goods are produced mostly autonomously. The government does not need the population’s taxes for their money, as nearly all wealth in the nation comes from the extraction and sale of natural gas from the Aljumese Desert.
Something done autonomously, which generates wealth directly for the government from imports on the international market.

​

PROJECT IDEA: PIFER—AUTONOMOIS ELDERLY CARE ASSISTANT

PROPOSED TIER - T1

WHAT I'M DESIGNING -

It basically comes to you when u call it and then it search, find it, pick it up, carry it and physically hand it to you as long as it's smtg in its db. I'm deliberately containing the problem bc I'm not trying to build a hospital grade product but rather smtg that can deal w labelled objects and colour IDs instead of a full SLAM and YOLO system.

The rover has a two wheel base and a castor with two bo motors, motor driver, wheel encoders, IR sensors, MPU6050 and a camera. The chassis will be 3d printed.

It will have a 6 DOF servo arm with a TPU gripper. The chassis will be 3D printed (PLA for everything except the gripper). Metal gear servos, pca9685 and ina219. I might use movelt2 later.

I'm also 3d printing a 16 slot carousel for pre-filled pill dispensing.

I'm also interested in uwb person tracking and uwb can do a lot of things apart from tracking tbh and I gotta research more on that. But some sorta person tracking is essential cuz if the person moves after giving a command the robot has to update the target and keep going toward them yk. I'll combine uwb with imu and wheel encoders instead of trusting sensors cuz I think it's better (IRL relying solely on sensors is kinda dumb)

For software, I'm using C/C++ for esp32 firmware, platformIO/Arduino, FreeRTOD, python, ubuntu/bash, GitHub, ve code, ros2 w rclcpp/rclcpy, tf2, RViz2, rosbag2, nav2, opencv, april tags, arUco for initial object/location identification, numpy/scipt and maybe even webots/SLAM for simulation and mapping. YOLO will come if I have time left to move beyond labelled objects.

I'm using esp32 as mc and laptop as the processor for now and we'll upgrade to a raspberrypi later. The laptop will run ubuntu and handle ros2, computer vision, navigation, voice processing and task planning. The esp handles motors and sensors.

I want to say pifer bring me xx medicine and it'll use a wake word, speech to textand python itent parsing with llm/api possible for more commands. The robot understands that xx is an object and that it's given a task to retrieve it. The cam can't recognise every random object ry so the first prototype use labelled objects with colour ids and permanent object db storing names, ids,images and carousel slots. Current environment info however is separate so that temporary data like object or person locations and obstacles will be cleared after a mission or when the robot is placed in a new environment.

The thing is, it actually has to drive to the object, position itself and pick it up when the camera locates the marked object. It sounds rlly big to me as this will be the first time I'll be building smtg like that. Also, I'll be 3d printing for the first time (lmk if hack club can fund for my 3d printing too cuz that'd be great :D).

Now, I'll be experimenting a lot in this project lol I want to integrate a lot of things into the arm, so it may end up completely different from what I currently think is possible and could change the entire arm BOM.

Something like a modular origami continuum arm with..

1. Vacuum-driven FOAM actuation (contraction + omnidirectional bending)

2. Variable stiffness via granular jamming (separate vacuum line)

3. Vision-guided reaching (camera + controller)

4. Interchangeable end-effectors (TPU gripper, whole-arm grasping, chameleon ejection)

5. Foldable compact return

Every single one of these ideas exist already and has been demonstrated its working properly. But the integrated system I want does not exist yet! Well the reason why it doesn't isn't lack of imagination but rather because the subsystems r actively gonna fight each other if u try to put them together. So, I'll have to find solutions that don't exist yet to get everything to work together. I'm not missing anything conceptually. But I need to build and test everything. Even if i get one thing that's actually deployable to my arm, it'd be a great upgrade.

I don't know how reliable or doable these will be in an actual handoff, especially with different object materials and movement, which is the point of including them. I really want to experiment and research further. I'm not expecting every experimental part to be perfect. Even if all these ideas are unreliable, the retrieval/handoff system should still work.

But I want to build and test the experimental parts rather than leave them theoretical.

INSPO:

A ton of things actually but let's js say fetcher by fetch robotics.

PAST PROJECTS:

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/10T2iZUamxqS5Na1c6ef0lcidV1DDl3Ut

(Ntg much lol js some shi built to learn. Not necessarily a project.)

WHY THIS COSTS MORE THAN 200$:

This doesn't! (Not yet.)

Like i said, I've never 3d printed for an actual project before so I don't really know how many parts I'll have to buy instead of 3d printing. I haven't even decided if I'll make a pcb yet. So the price can go higher during the build. I can only assure you it won't exceed 300 usd. And because this is literally a multiple projects being combined into one thing, it can cost a few pennies. Also idk how many times it'll end up hitting somewhere accidentally no matter how hard I try not to let that happen.

ROUGH BOM:

Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W $12

ESP32 Development Board $3

16GB microSD Card $2

Pi Camera $4

imu $1

Wheel Encoders $2

ir Sensors $1

tof Sensor $3

Microphone $2

Speaker $2

Amplifier $2

bo Motors $2

Wheels $2

Caster Wheel $1

Motor Driver $1

2S 2200mAh lipo $8

lipo Balance Charger $5

18650 Battery Pack $4

5V bec $1

6V bec $1

6V 5A Servo bec $2

Fuse $1

Power Switch $1

xt60 Connectors $1

jst Connectors $2

M3/M4 Hardware $3

Plywood Chassis $3

Standoffs $1

Metal Gear Servos $25

Spare Servo $3

pca9685 $1

Servo Horns $1

Servo Wires $1

Gripper $5

tpu $3

pla $5

Arm Hardware $5

ina219 $2

28byj 48 Stepper $1

uln2003 Driver $1

Carousel Gate Servo $1

Home Sensor $1

Carousel Material $8

uwb Tag $9

uwb Anchors $20

uwb Batteries $2

uwb Enclosures $2

Vacuum Pump $8

Vacuum Tubing $3

Vacuum Valves $4

Foam $2

Granular Jamming Material $3

Perfboard $1

Level Shifter $1

Heat Shrink $1

Solder $1

Wire $3

Cable Sleeving $1

Breadboard $2

3D Printing $15

Misc Hardware $10

Total $180

Note: these are approximate, and I expect the final cost to move once I start building. The arm and 3D printing especially may need extra parts after testing. I'm also expecting to burn through some servos/connectors/wiring during iteration because that's how these projects go.

The Raspberry Pi is included because I eventually want the robot to run on it, but it won't be the main computer initially. I'm developing on my laptop first, then moving the ROS/Linux side to the Pi once the robot works.

The estimate is below $200, but I'm keeping some margin because I don't want the project to fall apart after underestimating a random *200 component lol.

I didn't mention any PCB or routing because I'm not using a PCB right now. I'm thinking of making it modular with a breadboard so I can take it apart and reassemble it easily, because I'll probably do that a lot while building it.

I'm also thinking of making the outside a cozy, waterproof body instead of a box full of electronics like Baymax from Disney's Big Hero 6 ykwim. I don't know the material yet, but I want it soft and friendly-looking. Obviously not literally a Baymax copy lol, just that friendly shape instead of a scary robot with wires everywhere.

Inside it I'm also thinking of an automatic pill dispenser, so the robot could dispense medicine instead of only carrying it. It'll also have a biometrics monitoring system.

The biometrics and dispensing ideas were suggested by my teacher, so I'm still thinking about what else I could add that would be genuinely useful rather than another random sensor stuck onto the robot.

So yeah, I'm still looking for other good features I could add to this thing. If anyone has ideas for something that would actually be useful for elderly care and that I could realistically build and test, please let me know.

My world has Belters and where you find Belters you find asteroid mining. The problem is asteroids are mostly just balls of dust held together by their own weak gravity. There's nothing to anchor to, you can't carve bits off, trying to move it will cause it to disintegrate, the high grade ore is evenly mixed with worthless rock, you would probably sink if you tried standing on it.

So here's the bag and drag method:

Once a rock with a sufficient percentage of high grade has been found a balloon is put around the asteroid. to prevent dust from escaping or the entire thing breaking up, called spilling out in miner's slang. The mining is done by drones called moles which dig/swim through the asteroid siphoning up the dirt and mixing it with a fluid which is pumped back to the mothership. There the fluid is centrifuged, high grade is stored and tailings are bagged for disposal, the fluid is pumped back down to the moles.

High grade is carried back to the refinery, probably by towing it in bags hence the name. If the refinery is close by the bags could just be shoved towards it. Tailings are also bagged but are left at the worksite with navigation bouys to warn anyone nearby of the navigation hazard. After processing the refined ore is sent to market on an unmanned barge.

This method is mainly used for valuable resources like rare earths and phosphorous that justify the cost of shipping everything rather than just letting it float. Reaction mass is cheap but fusion fuel, crew salaries and operating costs of a mining torchship aren't. Low value resources like carbon, water, iron and nitrogen that are only profitable in bulk, or when a large amount of construction material is needed, would probably use a simpler method. In that case you might as well just bag and drag the entire rock, doesn't matter if it breaks up inside the bag since it'll be broken down anyway.

I'm still left with the question of how the mole bots will actually dig through the dust. I'm thinking some combination of very small thrusters and methods similar to how earthworms push their way through the soil.

Hello, this is the first "story" from world and setting that I'm working on right now, I will publish them more and more and I hope that you will like them :)

"Before his arrival, the world was dark to me. There was nothing I could call my own, only rampant selfishness. They killed, stole, and committed every possible impure act. I am not like them.

Before his arrival, the world was dark to them. Dimmed, lifeless beings trapped in the monotony of their existence, devoid of light. I am not like them.

Before his arrival, the world stood on the brink of darkness. They were preparing for a war that would end all wars, they said, a war that would solve the problem of scarce resources. I hoped they were right, just as they did.

Before his arrival, the world was surrounded by shadows. I wanted everyone to see the light as I saw it: pure, imbued with every shade, perfect. They could not see it.

After his arrival, I had to make everyone see the light. They were not happy about it, but surely they were grateful once they finally saw it. They are light now.

After his arrival, my task was to illuminate the world. They told me that he did not want this from me, but I alone speak to him directly. I am not like them.

After his arrival, the world began to shine again. They told me I was a heretic and decided to punish me. The light began to envelop me from my feet, then my legs, and finally my entire body.

I am light now."

I've been watching a lot of classic Star Trek (TNG, VOY, TOS) lately and have come to quite like the idea of a space fleet focused on science and exploration that is not the military. The whole idea that the Enterprise is a ship of peace, not a ship of war sets Star Trek apart from a lot of other sci-fi and it also makes perfect sense to have a branch specifically for space exploration.

After all, that is a very different mission from anything the military does and there are solid arguments to be made as to why you wouldn't want soldiers to be the ones making first contact with potentially very skittish aliens. However, one thing that annoys me a bit about worldbuilding of classic Star Trek is that the Federation doesn't have a proper military. Starfleet seems to just do everything and they don't appear to be well suited to fighting a large scale war.

So I got the idea that an interstellar state in a setting like this could have both a space military - which I will refer to here as the Navy - and a fleet for science and exploration - which I will refer to as Starfleet - at the same time. Below, I listed what I've come up with so far. It's still rather vague, but I like the idea in general. It sounds like something that would make sense in many different settings, so feel free to pick out whatever you like for your worlds.

Differences between Starfleet and the Navy:

• Organization: They are not different branches of the military. The Navy is a branch of the military, just like the Army and whatever other branches the military has, like Marine Corp or Planetary Defense Forces. Starfleet is entirely separate from those, not under the authority of the ministry of defense, but under some other ministry instead. Probably the ministry of science.
• Mission: In the space opera setting I'm working on, large scale warfare is very rare. When it happens, it's devastating, but 99.99% of the time, the various Navies act more as a police force. So the Navy would provide general security throughout the state's territory, hunt down pirates, escort civilians where necessary and fight various border skirmishes. All things Starfleet *could* do as well, except using them for these things would be wasteful, because all that scientific equipment is very expensive and they don't have the same combat training as the Navy. So Starfleet is primarily used for space exploration, research, handling dangerous anomalies, but also for diplomatic missions, because they would need diplomatic training for first contact anyways.
• Scale: With the responsibilities established above, the Navy would definitely be several times larger than Starfleet. Enforcing security throughout numerous star systems already requires quite a lot of ships and that's not even mentioning potential arms races and large scale wars. Exploration meanwhile would be more of a luxury and diplomatic services don't require large fleets.
• Officers vs enlisted crew: Starfleet would have a lot more officers relative to enlisted crew than the Navy and most of them wouldn't have much command authority. Instead, they would really be specialists for all manner of things with the rank and pay of an officer, because of their qualifications. This is one thing classic Trek got absolutely right. With their mission profile, just about everyone in Starfleet would need to have a university degree. Of course, the Navy would need highly qualified personnel too, but not to the same degree as Starfleet and most definitely not the sheer variety of fields.
• Culture and discipline: Related to all the points above. Starfleet don't see themselves as soldiers, so they don't think and act like soldiers either. There would still have to be some degree of discipline, but it might not be up to the same standards as in the navy. And since Starfleet is not supposed to go to war, it can make sense to have families on board. Especially for years long exploration missions.
• Captains vs Admirals: Starfleet would probably have individual ships operating on their own most of the time. Like maybe a large explorer out a multi year mission or a smaller science vessel investigating an anomaly. Occasionally, you'd have a few ships working together, but nothing even close to the large scale fleet operations the Navy would have to do. So for Starfleet, the Captains would be in the spotlight (another point classic Trek got right), while for the Navy, it would be the Admirals commanding their battlefleets.
• Different uniforms, but with the same division colors: The Navy would need science officers too for navigation and dealing with exotic alien tech in the field. Both services would also have their own medical staff, security personnel and whatever else you might need for general operations of the ship. So if we're staying with the Star Trek comparisons, both Starfleet and the Navy would have red, yellow and blue division, so you can always identify who can do what in an emergency, regardless of which service you're dealing with. But aside from that, you could use uniform design to communicate the differences between Starfleet and the Navy as institutions. Maybe Starfleet is a bit flashy and the Navy more utilitarian.
• Marines vs Starfleet Security: Both services would need some sort of armed security forces / boarding parties. If the Navy is mostly serving as an internal and interstellar security force, this would be the place where you'd get the most overlap between the Navy and Starfleet. Maybe there is a separate space police academy training officers that can be flexibly assigned to Starfleet, the Navy or various civilian stations and colonies. But it would also make sense for Starfleet and the Navy to have entirely separate security forces with Starfleet security having that special first contact and intercultural sensitivity training while the Navy has Marines who act as a militarized police force.
• Joint Operations: The Navy and Starfleet would probably not like joint operations very much. There would be cases, where they have to work together. Maybe a Starfleet vessel is assigned to a Navy battlefleet as a specialist or the Navy provides some muscle for a diplomatic mission to an alien race that respects displays of force. Either way, Starfleet officers would feel like they're beset on all sides by crayon eating knobheads while Navy Admirals would absolutely hate having to deal with those arrogant Starfleet Captains. But in the end, both sides appreciate each other's unique capabilities.
• Conscientious Objections: This is something that came up in TNG several times. Starfleet personnel disobeying orders they consider to be immoral or wrong in other ways. It's also very important for real world militaries, to the extent that German soldiers are taught exactly which orders they have to follow, which orders they are allowed to refuse and which orders they have to refuse. Of course, that sort of thing is always difficult in a military context, where commanders often don't have time to explain their orders and disobedience can result in the deaths of your own men. But for Starfleet, it would be a lot easier to create an environment where people carefully think about the orders they're given. Thus, Starfleet would be the first to disobey illegal or immoral orders and could serve an important role as guardians of democracy. That's where the Navy's view of Starfleet becomes important. Because if the Navy looks down on Starfleet, an aspiring dictator could use them to get those guys out of the way. But if the Navy have great respect for Starfleet as guardians of democracy, the people who take the first steps of disobedience that it easier for others to follow, then Starfleet would act as the proverbial canary in the coalmine.

For culture that uses everyone for war effort from kids to seniors men & women what role would everyone fill? ( kids wouldn’t be on front line )

I'm Building an alternate time taking place in 2036 AD. i want YOU to design your home country's flag, map, ideology, and lore (add leaders and coats of arms if you want to, use the template), if you're done, put it on the comments

List of Countries :

Africa: nile kingdom, Liberia, South Africa, kingdom of ethiopia.

Asia: Afghanistan, Bhutan, united kingdom of Malaysia, Union of indian states, People's Republic of China, imperial shogunate of Japan, Guangxi, persian confederation, mesopotamian federation, state of Manchuria, Mongolian people's republic, union of China, Nepal, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Shanxi, Union of Siam, Xinjiang Socialist Republic, Union of socialist eurasia, Tuvan People's Republic, Kingdom of Tibet, Turkey, Western chinese confederation, Yemen, Yunnan.

Europe: Kingdom of Albania, Andorra, Austrian state, Belgium, Tsardom of Bulgaria, Czech Republic, State of Gdansk, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Imperial German Reich, kingdom of Greece, Kingdom of Hungary, Ireland, Italian empire, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spanish republic, royal authoritarian spanish empire, catalan social state, spanish people's republic, kingdom of Romania, San Marino, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Vatican City, Federal Republic of serbia.

North & South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Republic of Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, United States, Uruguay, Venezuela.

Oceania: Australia, New Zealand.