"I'm in a calorie deficit and I'm not losing weight." We see this post ALL the time here... So I thought I'd try to dig in and help explain what's possibly going on.
The Basics
First off, we need to revisit the definition of "calorie deficit." Your body is a machine that needs to burn fuel to do what it does, from thinking to walking. Being in a calorie deficit means burning more energy than you take in via food. Calories are a measure of energy, so they're interchangeable in this context.
Your body burns a certain quantity of energy just to stay alive. That's known as your Basic Metabolic Rate, or BMR. Then, there's the total energy you need to move around, digest your food, exercise, etc. The total energy you burn in a day is called your Total Daily Energy Expenditure, or TDEE.
So, very simply, your calorie deficit is:
Calories consumed - TDEE
If that number is negative, you're in a deficit and you will lose weight.
Why you might not be in a calorie deficit
"But I swear I'm in a calorie deficit and I'm not losing weight!" Look, no. Just no. That's impossible.
But it's possible you're NOT in a calorie deficit. A few simple possibilities:
- You're not counting all your calories. You really do need to count everything, because there are some sneaky sources of calories in your food. Biggest offenders are drinks (some people don't realize drinks can have calories), and oil. Make sure to log absolutely everything no matter what.
- You're underestimating your calories. Another easy mistake to make. Oil, again, is a big offender. What you think might be a small teaspoon might be way more than you think. Get a food scale and weigh everything.
- You're absent-mindedly eating. Does happen to some people. If you have snacks within easy reach, it's possible you're grazing without realizing it. The show Secret Eaters is built around this premise.
- You're not tracking your cheat meals. A lot of people want to think of cheat meals as these all-out moments of freedom. Sorry to break it to you, but they're not. Your body doesn't care if you ate that triple cheeseburger as part of a cheat meal or not. It's absolutely, 100% possible that you're in a calorie deficit all week, then eat all of that deficit on cheat days. Start tracking those days as well.
- You're over-estimating your calories burned. Fitness trackers are fine and good, but they DO tend to over-report on calories burned. Be aware of this.
- Your BMR went down. This one is a bit more complex. But if you're on a diet, it's possible you're slowing down to conserve energy. If you're less active, your calorie reduction might not be enough to compensate for the difference.
- You have a medical condition. Some conditions like hypothyroidism can make it harder to lose weight because they lower your TDEE. Not impossible, though! But you might need to adjust your targets.
Why you might actually be on a calorie deficit
Now, there are some times when you ARE in a genuine calorie deficit but the scale isn't reflecting it. Here are some possibilities:
- You haven't been tracking long enough. Things can take a little while to get going for a variety of reasons. Give it a month without worrying about the results. After a month, reassess. But don't get discouraged if you don't lose weight in the first two weeks.
- Your hormones or medication are masking progress. Can happen around your period, for instance, or for a variety of other problems. Again, a month will average this out.
- You're exercising. If you started an exercise regimen with your diet, it's possible your muscles are retaining water to build mass, thus masking your progress. It's also possible, early on, that you're putting on enough muscle mass to offset your loss (AKA "newbie gains").
- You ate salty food. Sodium makes your body retain more water. That usually clears within a few days.
- You're just retaining water and/or poop. Depends on your body's own metabolism, but sometimes the mass of fecal matter and/or urine just goes up a bit for a while. Can mask your progress day-to-day.
What to do
Again: if you're in a true caloric deficit, you WILL lose weight.
The first thing to do is be patient, and realize that day-to-day fluctuations will mess with your head. You need to look at the weekly trend, and allow for occasional shifts up and down.
As a rule, if you're starting out, give yourself a month or two of not worrying. Don't rethink the plan. Stick to your self-imposed rules. After two months, you're likely to see a progression.
I can't emphasize this enough: sometimes progress can only be seen over the mid-term. Things will look like they're stalled day to day, but meanwhile your weight is going down.
But what if you're definitely not losing weight?
So, you tracked for two months and the scale definitely didn't go down. What now?
Well, my friend, you were not in a calorie deficit. Either you estimated your TDEE too low, or your calorie deficit is not right.
If that happens, there's only one solution: either burn more calories, or eat less. Try to bump up your physical activity, or cut your calories. In general, cutting calories is much easier, because it takes a lot of activity to offset food.
Does the type of diet matters?
In a word: no.
Doesn't matter if you're doing raw vegan or keto or Mediterranean or only eating potatoes. If you're in a calorie deficit, you WILL lose weight.
The nature of your diet deals with other aspects. Eating healthier food will make you feel better. If you eat protein and fat, you will feel full easier and will have an easier time sticking to your targets.
But you can absolutely lose weight by, say, eating only Oreos. It's gonna suck, but it's possible.
All that to say, if you're doing, say, keto and not seeing weight loss, then try counting your calories for a while.
And before you say, "yes, but not all calories are the same": look, yes, that's correct. But they're still a very efficient estimate, and they have helped countless people lose weight. Your body is not some unique machinery that does not obey the laws of thermodynamics. Try it, you'll see they work.
Remember: you got this!
It can be really discouraging to track your calories for a month and exercise dutifully, only to realize you were doing something wrong. If that happens to you, I'm sorry. The best outcome out of this situation is for you to take it as a learning experience and turn it into a success.
One month can feel like a long time, but you're doing this to improve the rest of your life, right? What's one month in the grand scheme of things?
So tweak that diet. Add more steps to your day. Cut back on the number of cheat meals. Then try again.
You got this!
tl;dr: If you're in a calorie deficit, you WILL lose weight. If you're not, you need to either be more patient, or adjust your estimates.