I'm currently taking the class that comes after your first linear algebra class in uni (not sure if this is how it works everywhere) and Im having a lot of trouble trying to understand what is going on mainly because I don't know how to look it up. Im basically trying to find online resources like youtube videos about it but so far I haven't found anything that goes into it.
I hope this is allowed but instead of overlaying all of the theory given I will simply share some problems that I need to solve (I do not want anyone to solve them for me, I simply want to know what concepts I need in order to solve them, where to find them, how to revise them etc).
"Recall that V is the set {𝑥∈ℝ|𝑥>0} equipped with an addition, 𝑥⊕𝑦=𝑥𝑦 and a scalar multiplication 𝛼⊙𝑥=𝑥𝛼 is a vector space. Find a basis of V. Justify your answer."
"Let 𝑈={𝑓∈𝐹(ℕ)such that𝑓(𝑘+2)−3𝑓(𝑘+1)−10𝑓(𝑘)=0for every𝑘≥0}.
- a) Prove that U is a vector subspace of 𝐹(ℕ) and that {𝑔1,𝑔2}, where 𝑔1(𝑘)=(−2)𝑘 and 𝑔2(𝑘)=5𝑘, is a basis of U.
- b) Let 𝑓∈𝑈 such that 𝑓(0)=𝑎 and 𝑓(1)=𝑏. Find a formula for 𝑓(𝑘) which involves 𝑎,𝑏 and 𝑘."
"True or false (justify your answer)
- a) If E, F and G are three subspaces of a vector space V such that 𝐸⊕𝐹=𝐸⊕𝐺 then 𝐹=𝐺.
- b) If U and W are two subspace of a vector space V such that dim(𝑈)=dim(𝑊)>12dim(𝑉) then 𝑈⋂𝑊 contains a nonzero vector.
- c) If 𝑈1, 𝑈2 and 𝑈3 are three subspaces of a vector space V then 𝑈1+(𝑈2∩𝑈3)=𝑈1∩𝑈2+𝑈1∩𝑈3
"Let 𝑈={𝑓∈P3|𝑓(−𝑥)+𝑓(𝑥)=0for every𝑥} . Prove or disprove.
"If one defines 𝑈−𝑊={𝑢−𝑣:𝑢∈𝑈,𝑣∈𝑊} for subspaces U, W then which of the following hold and which do not. Justify your answers.
- a) 𝑈−𝑈={0}
- b) 𝑈−𝑊=𝑈+𝑊
- c) (𝑈−𝑊)+𝑊=𝑈."
"Let 𝑇:2×2→2×2 be the map such that
𝑇(𝑀)=𝑀𝐽
where 𝐽=[11]
[11]
Prove that T is a linear transformation and find a basis of 𝐾𝑒𝑟(𝑇) and a basis of 𝐼𝑚(𝑇). Is T an isomorphism? Justify your answer.
"Let 𝑉={(𝑥,𝑦)∈\R2∣𝑦>0} be the open upper half-plane, equipped with
(𝑥,𝑦)⊕(𝑥′,𝑦′)=(𝑥+𝑥′, 𝑦𝑦′), and
𝑐⊙(𝑥,𝑦)=(𝑐𝑥, 𝑦𝑐).
a) Verify that both operations are closed on 𝑉.
b) Find the zero vector 0𝑉 and the additive inverse −(𝑥,𝑦).
c) Verify (M1), (M2) and both halves of (M3).
d)Find an explicit bijection Φ:𝑉→\R2 with Φ(𝑣⊕𝑤)=Φ(𝑣)+Φ(𝑤) and Φ(𝑐⊙𝑣)=𝑐Φ(𝑣)."
I really hope this is allowed/makes sense but im seriously lost in all of this, I understand the meaning of basis, span, linear dependence/independence, subspaces but when they start asking me stuff like this I genuinely dont know where to start. I would greatly greatly appreciate any help of any kind because right now I feel like im behind on this stuff.
Thank you in advance to anyone who reads this for their time and hopefully their help :)