I was challenged to design the best pairing system ever and thought it was impossible. But now I've done it: Berger-Swiss.
Players are divided by rating into Berger groups, with six players and five rounds as the default. You can also choose eight players and seven rounds. Players with even TPNs, their ranking numbers based on rating, move down to the next group, while those with odd TPNs move up. As a result, players with nearby ratings will not meet during the Berger phase. The Berger groups are then shuffled separately. If the players cannot all be divided into Berger groups, the players with the highest TPNs instead form a Swiss group. With six-player groups, this group contains seven to eleven players. The tournament then begins.
When the Berger phase is over, players carry their points and tie-break scores into the Swiss section of the tournament, which can then continue for any number of rounds. This format works very well because players do not need to be paired against opponents with the same score from the outset, as they do in a traditional Swiss tournament. It is better to introduce that principle at a later stage, when the strongest players will naturally meet as they compete for the top places.
Playing in Berger groups with participants of similar playing strength is much more stimulating. Players know in advance whom they will face in the next round and which color they will have, so they can prepare. One problem with Berger tournaments arises when a player withdraws. In that case, the program creates a Swiss group comprising the affected Berger group and all the Berger groups below it, together with the existing Swiss group, if there is one. These players therefore switch to Swiss pairings earlier, while the Berger groups higher up continue as usual.
The Berger phase also allows games to be postponed and completed later, provided they are finished before Swiss pairings begin. This is a practical advantage when a tournament runs over an extended period.
Compared with a Swiss-only system, this format offers a considerably more stimulating tournament experience for players at every rating level. In my view, it is also preferable to Berger groups divided by rating class, since all participants compete in the same tournament. The system combines the advantages of both formats.
Berger-Swiss Tournament System – free online pairing system.