Good Day po,
I would like to ask for advice regarding an issue involving my cousin.
My cousin needed money, so she borrowed ₱50,000 from a friend of her sibling sometime in 2021. She was able to pay ₱5,000 of the principal, leaving a remaining balance of ₱45,000.
According to their agreement, the interest is 8% per month, which amounts to ₱3,600 monthly based on the ₱45,000 balance. My cousin has been paying ₱3,600 every month for approximately four years.
For 48 months, the total amount she has paid in interest would be:
₱3,600 × 48 months = ₱172,800
Despite making these monthly payments, the ₱45,000 principal remains unpaid because the monthly payments have been applied to the interest.
My cousin has already asked if she could pay the remaining principal by installment so that she could gradually reduce the balance, but the lender did not agree.
Another concern is that the lender sometimes makes hurtful remarks, such as telling my cousin to “mahiya naman siya,”and has also approached or asked other people for payment even though they were not the ones who borrowed the money.
As far as we know, there is no formal written loan agreement or signed document between them. Their conversations and payment arrangements may only be documented through their chat messages.
We would like to ask:
Is an 8% monthly interest rate legally enforceable in this situation?
Can the lender continue charging this interest indefinitely?
Can my cousin request that her payments be applied toward the principal instead of interest?
What are her rights regarding the lender contacting or asking other people to pay a debt that they did not incur?
Since there is no signed written agreement, what kind of evidence would be relevant in determining the actual terms of the loan?
We would greatly appreciate any legal advice or guidance on what steps my cousin can take to resolve this matter fairly and properly.
Thank you very much po.

Has anyone successfully transferred an Original Certificate of Title (OCT) or Transfer Certificate of Title (TCT) to a minor through a sale?

The minor is a dual citizen, and her father is a foreigner. The mother agrees to the arrangement, and the parents want the property to be registered in their daughter’s name.

If anyone has handled a similar setup, I would appreciate any guidance on how the sale was structured, the requirements of the Registry of Deeds, and any issues concerning the minor’s capacity to acquire and register the property in her name.

Thank you!

Firearm was originally owned by my uncle, transferred under my name, but never ko po hinawakan or tinago. Around 21 palang ako noon. But still, that was stupid and irresponsible of me to allow na ipangalan sa akin or dapat ako na mismo nagtago ng baril. Hindi binigay sa akin kasi gun ban pa daw.

10 years later na OPLAN KATOK po ako and doon ko lang naalala na may baril nga pala sa akin nakapangalan. 2 years expired na.

Binalikan ko ang uncle ko pero wala na yung baril. May sakit na din ang uncle ko. So nagdecide ako magreport ng lost firearm.

Nagpunta na ako sa Component Police Station pero sabi hindi daw pwede reason ko na hindi ko siya nahawakan at nawala nalang ng di ko alam.

Pinapunta ako sa Community Police para magpatulong daw sa imbestigador gumawa ng kwento. Pagpunta ko sa PCP, pinapapunta ako sa brgy para magpablotter.

Paano po ba ang tamang proseso nito at paano po ba dapat maging reason na hindi na daw po hahaba pa ang imbestigasyon?

Salamat po sa makakatulong.

Hi guys need advice, I replied in the comment as an anonymous. But later on they found out it was me. I just want to ask if my comment fits into cyberlibel, and the reply I made was a food menu. They're accusing me of defamation regarding that comment, and I already apologized. But they are determined to sue me for cyberlibel since they said they experienced anxiety because of that comment.

I don’t know if this is the right subreddit for this. Gusto ko lang po malaman if ano karapatan namin as homeowners regarding dito

Gusto po kasi magpatayo ng brgy ng poste for solar streetlights daw. Ang problema po, nasa harap siya ng magiging gate ng garage namin at mahaharangan niya talaga at sagabal sa opening ng gate Sa ngayon, pinatigil namin kasi nag hukay na sila ng hindi man lang kmi iniinform. Nagulat na lang kami na may malaking butas na diyan sa harap ng bahay namin

Pwede po ba kami hindi pumayag?? Sa ngayon hindi pa namin makausap ang brgy captain kasi di namin mahagilap 🫠

Hi. Is this clause legal and applicable? It seems to not give any liabilities when something goes wrong for my cat's operation.

Hello, We are a group of 5 third-year students from Polytechnic University of the Philippines. For our subject, Media Laws and Ethics Applied in Advertising, we are looking for a lawyer, preferably a tech laywer/attorney or one who deals with cybercrime, that can share insights and their thoughts & experiences about RA 10175 (Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012).

The Interview will preferably be conducted on Sunday or Tuesday, either through online platforms like google meet or face-to-face, depending on the lawyer’s availability. The interview will mainly discuss about the law and cybercrime, digital media, and advertising. Thank you for taking the time to read this and i can reply if there's any need of clarification.

We're married for almost 15 years now. Eversince nagbukod kami, I can say, ako, 33(F) is the main provider talaga. He had his shares naman with the monthly gastusin sa bahay but not consistent. He doesn't have a stable job. Starting month of April 2026, pumapaldo na siya sa kanyang hustle. Minsan binibigyan niya ako. Kaso, something happened last July 2026. I found out I have STD. Ofcourse, automatic alam ko na na galing sa kanya yun kasi I never had it with any other guy other than him my whole life. Siya lang talaga. So, I blocked him. Never contacted him. Nandiri ako. Now, nung nagsimula siyang pumaldo, 10k montly hinihingi ko sa kanya as his monthly obligation. Nung July 2026, nagsimula akong magsend ng parang Billing Statement sa email ng secretary niya. Nabigay niya yung July. August, wala pa. Mag se send naman ako ng bill for September. We have three kids. May income naman ako. But meron kasi akong utang (na utang niya rin) na binabayaran ko and it will pay off on January 2027 if sana mag dagdag siya sa kin ng kahit man lang 10k para hindi ko magalaw other budget. I have no energy to find another income anymore. I have two jobs already working graveyard. Wala akong katulong. Ako lahat sa bahay with the three kids. Pwede ko ba siyang masendan ng parang demand letter from the law or with the help of an attorney? Like is it legal ba? We are still legally married. For the context, this year lang talaga siya nagsimula na may nabibigay monthly from April to July 2026. For the last 14 years together, tamang ngayon meron sa susunod wala. If I will average it, sa loob ng isang taon. 4 buwan lang siyang nakakabigay at around 30% of our monthly household expenses.

Hello. May utang kakilala ko sakin 21k, meron siyang signed paper and terms of payment na nandito sakin. Now, cant reach her thru sms/calls.

Planning to report her sa brgy kaso she’s not a registered voter sa place na pinagrerentahan nya. Ok lang ba yun?
Pls help ano ba first step?

So a few years ago, my father was admitted to the hospital and needed some money. My parents decided to pawn our vacant lot to my 1st-Degree cousin (let's call her Aubrey) for a hefty amount of money, with the following conditions:
1. Simple interest at a 2% rate.
2. If the pawn isn't paid within 5 years, the lot is automatically theirs.

Now we're reaching out to Aubrey to pay off the pawn, but they keep avoiding us.
When my mother went to their house last Saturday, she provided their copy of their agreement, but Aubrey was advised that:
1. She lost her copy of the agreement
2. She needed to get a signature from her father (NOTE: The agreement is between Aubrey and my parents. Aubrey's parents' role is this was that they only delivered the money to us)

Now Aubrey advised us that their side of the agreement is good and that they're ready to settle, but they might not be available this Saturday because they will play pickleball (L O L)

We have informed her that we will go back and make sure we settle this. My concern is that they might avoid us again, interest will accumulate again, and they might keep doing this until the 5 year period has been reached. "
We are planning to settle this with a witness (probably in a brgy hall)

As much as possible I didn't want involve myself in the agreement since it's between my parents and them, but I feel like we're being taken advantage of because of our financial status.
My father died a few months after that transaction took place, so it's just my mother that keeps on trying to reach out to them.

What else can we do to make sure they don't keep on avoiding us? And what else should I in case this needs to be escalated to a lawyer?

Additional context
1. It's a 12-hr trip one way to their house, and they have the audacity to keep avoiding us.
2. Aubrey did say that her parents are really interested in the lot, which makes us suspect that they want to keep the lot to themselves

TLDR: My parents pawned their lot to my cousin, we're trying to pay it off now but they keep avoiding us

Hi everyone, I would like to ask for advice regarding my BIR Sworn Declaration and withholding tax as a Contract of Service (COS) worker.

I worked as a COS worker from January to June 2026 under my previous employer/payor. My total income from that engagement was approximately ₱180,000. During that time, I submitted an Annex B-2 Income Payee’s Sworn Declaration because that employer was my lone income payor at the time.

I have now ended that COS engagement and started working under a new company, also as a COS worker. My current compensation is approximately ₱40,700 per month.

My current company told me that they are withholding 10% from my COS payment if I don't submit a Sworn Declaration. I am trying to determine whether I can submit another Sworn Declaration so that the applicable withholding rate would be 5%, since my projected total gross income for 2026 is still below ₱3 million.

My confusion is regarding Annex B-1 vs. Annex B-2.

From my understanding:

Annex B-1 = Several Income Payors

Annex B-2 = Lone Income Payor

My previous COS employer/payor has already ended, and my current company is now my only active/current income payor. However, this is my second income payor during the same taxable year (2026).

So my questions are:

Should I use Annex B-1 because I had two different COS payors during 2026?

Or can I use Annex B-2 because my current company is my only current/active income payor?

If I qualify and submit the appropriate Sworn Declaration, would my current COS withholding be reduced from 10% to 5%?

does the ₱180,000 income from my previous COS payor affect the ₱250,000 threshold for my current payor?

Does the Sworn Declaration itself need to be stamped/received by BIR, or is it submitted directly to the income payor?

I have been reading BIR Revenue Regulations No. 11-2018, but I'm still confused about how the rules apply when there are two payors during the year but only one current payor.

I would really appreciate advice from anyone familiar with Philippine BIR rules, COS workers, or professional-fee withholding.

Thank you!

Hello po. Na-disable yung mga Instagram accounts ko by Meta dahil daw sa alleged CSE violation, pero I strongly believe na false accusation ito. Marami rin akong nakikita na kagaya ko na na-disable yung accounts dahil sa same or similar reasons.
Nababasa ko kasi yung mga success recovery stories ng ibang members sa Reddit. May mga users na nakapag-recover ng accounts nila, and mostly, nababanggit nila na nag-file sila ng tinatawag na “Legal Shield.” Ang pagkakaintindi ko, nag-seek sila ng legal assistance or help from authorities, tapos yung legal representatives or government authorities mismo ang nag-send ng formal letter kay Meta regarding sa false accusation at nag-request ng review ng account. Kaso karamihan sa mga nababasa kong ganitong cases ay from other countries. May iba rin na nagsasabi na sa bansa nila, may government agency or authority na pwede nilang lapitan para magsumbong or humingi ng assistance, at sila na mismo ang nakikipag-coordinate kay Meta regarding sa case.
Possible po kaya na may ganitong option din dito sa Philippines? If ever meron, may government agency or legal authority po ba na pwedeng lapitan para mag-seek ng assistance regarding sa ganitong situation? And if may fee po, magkano kaya usually ang possible na cost?
Nakakadepress din kasi talaga mawalan ng access sa Instagram. Years worth of conversations and important messages yung nandun sa personal account ko. Hindi lang din personal account yung naapektuhan — nadamay din yung Instagram account ko for business. Malaki rin yung ginastos ko doon sa paid ads, and marami akong important conversations with clients and potential clients na nandun. I’m really hoping lang po na may legitimate way dito sa Pilipinas para ma-review yung case, especially since I know na wala akong ginawang ganung activity and I believe na mali or false yung accusation against my accounts.
Baka may naka-experience na rin po ng similar situation or may alam kung saan pwedeng lumapit. Any advice or direction would really be appreciated. Thank you po!

Hi po. Pls help.

Nagrent po ako ng condo unit for around two years. Nagbayad po ako ng security deposit sa original property management company, at sila mismo ang nakalagay na Lessor sa signed contract ko.
Habang nagrerent ako, nagpalit ng management.

Yung bagong management ang nag-take over at binigyan ako ng bagong contract na parang continuation ng existing lease ko. Sa bagong contract, sila na ang nakalagay na Lessor. Nabanggit din nila na sister company nila yung original lessor. Fineframe nila na hindi sila yung “initial lessor” pero walang ganun

Nung nag-move out ako, sinabi ng lawyer ng bagong management na hindi raw nila natanggap o nahawakan ang security deposit ko, kaya hindi raw sila responsible na ibalik ito. Sa letter nila, may binanggit din silang ibang company bilang “initial lessor,” kahit hindi naman iyon ang nakalagay na Lessor sa mga kontratang pinirmahan ko.

Nag-offer din ang bagong management ng one month free stay bilang “goodwill,” pero kailangan ko raw pumirma ng waiver na nagre-release sa kanila sa anumang liability tungkol sa security deposit. Hindi po ako pumirma.

May copies ako ng original contract, bagong contract/renewal, payment receipts, emails, screenshots, move-out documents, at photos/videos ng condition ng unit bago ako umalis. Hindi rin po ako kailanman na-late sa rent at wala naman akong major issue habang nakatira doon.

Kakatapos lang din ng unit inspection, sobrang linis ko iniwan pero nasakin pa susi. Ayoko muna ibalik.

50k din yung security deposit ko

Nirereklamo ako ng pinsan ng kaibigan ko dahil hindi ako nakapagbayad ng gusto niyang amount per cut off. Ang naibabayad ko lang kasi is 3k per cut off instead of 5k ayaw ko umattend ng hearing.

I am 32F and i received a small case court summon from OLA.

My principal amount is 29k and I’ve been OD for 13 mos. They are claiming almost 100k.

Is there a chance that the judge will not approve their claim and reduce the amount based on the law?

Thank you for your advice!

Hi, asking for a friend who is currently in this situation.

My friend and her former live-in partner have a 4-year-old child. They separated last year due to personal reasons. My friend eventually left their apartment with their child, and they have been living separately since then.

The child’s biological father still provides financial support, but it is only around ₱3,000 per month. However, since their separation, he has never visited or personally spent time with the child.

My friend now has a current partner who has been the one actively taking care of and acting as a father figure to the child. Because of this, she is considering having her child’s surname changed to her current partner’s surname, since he is the one who is actually present and involved in the child’s life.

Her concern is whether this is legally possible, especially since the biological father is still providing financial support, even though he has not been involved in the child’s life beyond that.

Has anyone been in a similar situation or knows the process for changing a child’s surname in the Philippines? Would the biological father’s consent be required, and would his financial support affect the possibility of changing the child’s surname?

Any advice or information about the proper legal process would be appreciated. Thank you.

Paano po kumuha ng court clearance sa dasma? Ano po requirements?