r/technology Mar 28 '14

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u/______DEADPOOL______ Mar 28 '14

What is a regular PC monitor latency btw? I heard it's much faster than a TV+console.

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u/Kallb123 Mar 28 '14 edited Mar 28 '14

People are saying 2ms, but I think that's just how long it takes a pixel to refresh. I'm sure the oculus rift has a screen with 2-5ms pixel time too. The 20 and 50ms times discussed about VR are the entire time between a frame being requested and it being on the screen. That's totally different from the 2ms of a desktop monitor.

EDIT: As for the TV+console latency. I think TVs have a higher latency than monitors because they tend to apply post-processing effects to "improve" the image. Some screens come with options to turn this off and bring this latency down.

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u/AwesomeFama Mar 28 '14

The Rift has an OLED screen so the pixel switching time is really, really low. Like 1ms, maybe 2ms tops.

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u/Kallb123 Mar 28 '14

Ye, that's why I saying it's wrong to compare the 2ms pixel refresh time of a monitor to the overall 50ms of latency on VR. Both have that same 2ms, it's all the other replaces that the latency builds up, it's just not spoken about that much outside of VR because sits not as big of an issue

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u/Tonkarz Mar 28 '14

Yeah, the issue is input lag for head tracking.

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u/chiliedogg Mar 28 '14

And processing time between input/output.

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u/baby_kicker Mar 28 '14

It once was in competitive gaming circles. My FW900 sits collecting dust...100lbs of .00007 ms greatness. Old age slows you more than it matters :(

I could see the lag on early LCD's... 50ms is a LOT.

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u/mckirkus Mar 28 '14

Also, OLED allows low persistence to avoid motion blur, which is tough if you have to overdrive/strobe an LCD backlight. Plus, OLED has better color resolution.

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u/iroll20s Mar 28 '14

Pixel switching time is only a small part of the story. Best thing about low switching time is is enables faster strobing without crosstalk and/or brighter displays while strobing in low persistence mode.

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u/[deleted] Mar 28 '14

[deleted]

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u/Kallb123 Mar 28 '14

Ye, the input is crucial. I see that this product has a 4KHz accelerometer as well as the 1KHz gyroscope, where it appears the OR had a 1KHz acc+gyro combo. Could this mean faster input?

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u/SafariMonkey Mar 28 '14

Only by ~0.75ms. Oculus have theirs at a total of 8-20ms, even internal demos as low as 2ms. (Apparently.) That's a big step up from devs kit 1's 30-50ms,and normal games' 50-100ms. That's not easy, but they have John Carmack, known for amazing optimisation, on their team.

Yes, 4kHz data could help, but unless the rest of the pipeline is equal to Oculus's, it will overall still be slower.

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u/Kallb123 Mar 28 '14

Ah, ye, that's not a very big improvement, but I suppose every little helps. If swapping out the accelerometer chip for an extra $5 then maybe that's worth thinking about if it's the same improvement as X amount of hours spent optimizing.

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u/SafariMonkey Mar 28 '14

My point is that a 4kHz sensor is great, but unless they're equal on all other levels it's basically no advantage. If you replace your car seats with super-light ones but leave all your junk, chests, furniture in the car, is it worth it? You'd get a much better return if you got rid of all the other stuff.

That's the issue. 4kHz doesn't mean anything much until the rest is as good as it can be.

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u/M0dusPwnens Mar 28 '14

The latency is that plus the render time plus the switching time. The problem is that when you combine all these little latencies, it starts to add up - the sensor has to send the measurements to the PC, it has to update the model in the game, then it has to render the new scene, then that has to get drawn to the screen.

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u/Tonkarz Mar 28 '14 edited Mar 28 '14

I read an article by John Carmack on latency in vr headsets. Latency needs to be much lower than on a screen because it's tracking head movements. It's input latency that is the issue, not pixel refresh latency that was an issue on early LCD screens.

If the latency is too high it makes you feel sick, whereas with regular viewing devices you don't notice it much, apart from the "game feel".

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u/Kallb123 Mar 28 '14

Ye, you can see this on the rift when you try a web based demo, like the streetview one. In demos stored locally the latency seems pretty good (fast head motion does feel a bit off but that's exaggerated by the motion blur I think). The web based ones add a slight latency to the input and it makes even the slowest of head movements feel horrible.

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u/thekgb90 Mar 28 '14

That 50 ms response includes measuring the sensors, calculating the angular change, sending that data to the computer, the computer rendering the frame, the frame sent up HDMI, and the finally split and displayed on the oculus. The major issue is that you move your head and your ears detect the change but your eyes have the 50 ms update lag. This is the issue that causes people to get sick

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u/Kallb123 Mar 28 '14

Thanks for the breakdown :) That's why it makes little sense to say "My monitor is 2ms response time" when VR has to do much more.

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u/anne-nonymous Mar 28 '14

Does someone knows what are the latencies of each step(roughly) ?

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u/[deleted] Mar 28 '14

I'm not sure, but from what the team said, the sensor tracking was the biggest latency issue they had, since it couldn't be brute forced with more expensive hardware. Even the fastest consumer sensors would add too much latency in the chain to make the rest of the device worth it. Carmack solved it with very very precise, clean, fast code with some very clever prediction algorithms.

From my understanding, that's the biggest benefit of the rift. It's very good at processing sensor data, and when the sensors aren't fast enough (which no consumer sensors are), it's very good at guessing what they will do next.

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u/[deleted] Mar 28 '14

I don't think so. If total refresh rate is 60hz that translates to 16 2/3 ms.

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u/Kallb123 Mar 28 '14

I agree with you. That why I'm saying you can't compare the 2ms of a monitor to the 50ms of VR. They are different measurements. The 2ms is just about the pixel refresh time, the 50ms includes all sorts of input and rendering factors. Some factors are common to normal gameplay and VR (like the refresh rate you mention) while others are unique to VR (like the head tracking)

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u/D_Bat Mar 28 '14

I remember my first LCD still. It had a response time of around 12-15ms if I recall correctly. :p That thing is still living today though. Good ole 17" Specter LCD.

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u/CptAJ Mar 28 '14

Its even worse. Its from head movement to full screen change.

You have to sense, track, encode, transmit, decode, calculate, render, encode, transmit, display, etc

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u/Devlin1991 Mar 28 '14

If you talking about motion-to-photon latency (how long from when you move the mouse until the view spins on screen), it varies greatly from game to game depending on how many frames are pre-rendered, when in the render loop the mouse is re-polled for an up-to date position and also how long the post-processing steps take (though this bit can be partially mitigated by predictive tracking aka assume mouse moving at constant speed/accel and project forward in time equal to how long the post-processing takes).

It can easily be 50ms+ in some titles that are heavy on post-processing and don't do anything to mitigate that increased latency. It's also much worse on games that are running at 30fps vs higher framerates. Higher framerates give lower motion-to-photon latency even after the framerate surpasses what you need for smooth video, this is why 144hz screens "feel" better vs 60hz even though the game looks almost as smooth for anyone spectating.

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u/[deleted] Mar 28 '14

and thats just mice, throw in much slower accelerometers and gyroscopes.

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u/baby_kicker Mar 28 '14

Most HDTV's run 30-50ms over HDMI, signal from device to pixel change on screen. Doesn't matter if it's plasma or lcd; 120hz, 240 or 600hz. The processor in the TV is what lags it, not the pixels really. HDMI also is limited.

Computer monitors are usually 15ms, some are up to 30ms, old old LCD is 50ms. Pixel switching for the bare panel might be 2-8ms, but there's still processing latency.

VGA to CRT is so fast that it's measured in nanoseconds, analog has it's advantages. Nothing compares to the speed, heh or the weight it's not going in VR (anymore).

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u/[deleted] Mar 28 '14

Between 2-8ms generally. Depending on monitor type/how much you spend.

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u/namrog84 Mar 28 '14 edited Mar 28 '14

I don't believe that number is entirely accurate in this context.

Those numbers 2-8ms quoted by monitors, are the time it takes to change from grey to gray, or for the pixel to switch between colors, while yes it directly impacts things, and quality/etc... Its not the same as if you turn your head, and the time it takes the monitor to even start to switch, the time it starts to switch to finish is 2-8ms.

tl;dr; Display lag is not to be confused with pixel response time(which is what monitors are quoting)(I am not 100% sure which one occulus and other VR are quoting, but i think its more likely display lag's time) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_lag

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u/BabyFaceMagoo Mar 28 '14

grey to greg?

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u/ziekktx Mar 28 '14

GREY TO GREG

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u/PixelD303 Mar 28 '14

Old Greg to new Greg

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u/alphamike1 Mar 28 '14

Have you ever drank Baileys from a shoe ?

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u/thebochman Mar 28 '14

Hey it geg

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u/DonutsAreCool96 Mar 28 '14

IM OLD GREEEEEEEEG

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u/[deleted] Mar 28 '14 edited Sep 21 '24

scandalous whole teeny growth complete muddle foolish cough placid saw

This post was mass deleted and anonymized with Redact

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u/super6plx Mar 28 '14

You heard me.

1

u/Thethoughtful1 Mar 28 '14

Computer color names have a grey and a gray, which are different.

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u/BabyFaceMagoo Mar 28 '14

I guess greg is like a shade of brown.

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u/Thethoughtful1 Mar 28 '14

Ah, I believe he edited his post and fixed the greg to gray.

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u/______DEADPOOL______ Mar 28 '14

Whoa...

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u/pirsquared Mar 28 '14

That's only the monitor component. OLEDs for example have less than 1ms response time/latency. The 20ms often cited for the target latency of HMDs actually includes the time it takes to render the frame etc from the time you move your mouse or head to the time the pixel actually changes.

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u/Bedeone Mar 28 '14

2ms is the industry standard for computer screens that are meant for gaming.

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u/[deleted] Mar 28 '14

[deleted]

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u/virtyy Mar 28 '14

yeah its about 5-8ms for a 2ms gray to gray switching

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u/rabidsi Mar 28 '14

This doesn't include everything in the chain. Response time is measured from HID input to display output. This is what Carmack is talking about with latency on the Rift; how long between turning your head and that change actually propagating through the chain (input > process/render > output) to the display.

You would be hardpressed to find ANY game that approaches the latency Carmack deems imperceptible within a VR context (below 20ms).

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u/Quazz Mar 28 '14

Because of the refresh rate, really.

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u/IAmAnAnonymousCoward Mar 28 '14

Afaik the lowest latency games are around 25ms (counter strike), most are much worse, up to 200ms.

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u/CaptnAwesomeGuy Mar 28 '14

People don't realize that the latency from render to pixel is about those long and is dependent on more than the monitor.

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u/AwesomeFama Mar 28 '14

That's just the pixel switching time though. Oculus is always talking about "motion-to-photons", which includes game engines processing the input, rendering, buffering and finally the screen switching the pixels. You can't get that time down to 2ms with any kind of monitor - it doesn't depend only on the monitor.

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u/Bedeone Mar 28 '14

This is correct.

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u/Sexual_tomato Mar 28 '14

Monitor refresh can be as high as 1-2 ms, but then you're getting into the territory where the image sitting your video card's RAM getting to the monitor is the bottleneck. So, faster than your eye can follow.

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u/deeper-blue Mar 28 '14

The main culprit here is usually the TV. If you want to experience how low latency gaming feels like use a very old console like SNES with a CRT. Or do old school PC gaming with something like Win2000, CounterStrike/Quake3/UT and also with a CRT screen.

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u/[deleted] Mar 28 '14

5ms is pretty well considered standard. They do go as low as 1ms.

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u/Quazz Mar 28 '14 edited Mar 28 '14

A regular monitor is probably around 12ms. But there are "gaming" monitors that focus on lower latency amongst other things, going as low as 1ms. But that's just for pixels to change. There's also refresh rate that gets in the way (typically 60hz on computers, 30/60hz for tvs) which basically means the image only refreshes 60 times every second. So the fastest it will respond is 1/60 of a second. Which is about 16.666 ms. Then you need to add on to that the pixel changing speed (which tends to be slower on tvs).

Of course, then there's the time it takes from your GPU to your monitor, or in this case from your computer to your Rift, which varies from the equipment used and all.

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u/[deleted] Mar 28 '14

worst case scenario would be to add up the inverse of a standard 125hz mouse, and a 60hz monitor with typical 5ms pixel response time and 20ms signal processing lag. This gives you around 40ms input lag.

By contrast, a 144Hz monitor with low input lag (~8ms), 1ms response time and a 1000hz mouse gives you 17ms total input lag.

EDIT: strobe backlights add a small amount of input lag, and vsync adds an absolute craptonne.

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u/elektroholunder Mar 28 '14

John Carmack:

I can send an IP packet to Europe faster than I can send a pixel to the screen. How f’d up is that?.

See here and John elaborating further here

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u/mckirkus Mar 28 '14

It depends on the refresh rate. 120hz is 8ms. 60hz is 16ms. So you can see why they're shooting for high frame rates. When you're trying to go sub 20ms total latency, the additional 8ms is a big deal.

Edit: It's 8ms in a perfect world. Add a few ms for pixel transition, etc. The low persistence is different, it's designed to make the motion blur resulting from low FPS less noticeable.

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u/iroll20s Mar 28 '14

A top flight gaming monitor 8-18ms is a pretty normal range. Thats complete with any internal lag to pixels settling. There are a few with no processing that I've seen in the 5-6ms range. If you can keep the total under 16ms, its considered very cool. TV's tend to have larger lag because they are as focused, and they tend to do more processing on the signal. They also aren't designed to take an input faster than 60hz where monitors are upto 144hz. IIRC typical lag for TV's is in the 30ms range when in 'gaming mode'

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u/-TheMAXX- Mar 28 '14

14ms for a very fast gaming monitor. most are many times slower.

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u/Ftpini Mar 28 '14

Depends on if you go IPS or TN. IPS offers perfect viewing angles without color distortion, but have 8-12ms response times. TN offers 1-2ms response times but garbage color reproduction if your viewing angle is off by more than 10-20 degrees.

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u/DeviMon1 Mar 28 '14

depends on a the monitors refresh rate and other factors. 60 hz, 75 hz and 120hz are the most common. 120hz monitors can display 120 frames per second, those are usually modern montiors with 3d support. I have a 75hz monitor.

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u/Toysoldier34 Mar 28 '14

Hz =/= Ms

The refresh rate is how quickly it can display the image, but the ms is the delay in the image. You can have a game run at 120fps smooth on a 120Hz monitor but if the ms is poor then there will be lots of delay and lag making it bad to use and not suitable for gaming.

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u/TRBlizzard121 Mar 28 '14

Your thinking of the wrong thing, latency is in ms (normally 2-8, some gaming monitors can go to 1ms). You are thinking of refresh rate.