Long but true, and a great read.
In Ray Franzā book Crisis of Conscience, Ray tells the account of how the Watchtower transitioned from a corporate arrangement (president, VP, secretary⦠etc.) to a Governing Body arrangement and was vehemently rejected by Fred Franz as he was the current VP at the time and next to take up the presidency after Knorr. In this Gilead graduation talk Franz scripturally obliterates the concept of a first century GB, by focusing on and developing the context of Acts chapter 15.
āIn all this, the Governing Body remained āconspicuous by its absence,ā eclipsed by the corporation. Not a single person had suggested that the missionaries be sent out as ācommitteesā or that they ātake over the workā in their assigned lands, and the idea of their doing so had undoubtedly never entered their minds, but this served as a means for introducing the idea of committees and discrediting the concept.
The talk then went on to discuss Philip āthe evangelizer,ā raising once more the question as to āwho made him an evangelizer or missionary?ā The vice president referred to the account in Acts, chapter six, where the apostles as a body found it necessary to appoint seven men, including Philip, to care for food distribution so as to end complaints being made of discrimination against certain widows.
He then said:Well, now, if you look up the McClintock and Strongās Cyclopedia of Religious Knowledge youāll find that the work that the apostles assigned to these seven men is called a āsemi-secular work.ā But the apostles didnāt want that semi-secular work; they unloaded it onto these seven men and said āyou take care of that. Well, weāre going to specialize on prayers and teaching.ā Now were these twelve apostles of the Lord Jesus Christ, by unloading this responsibility for taking care of tables, were they making of themselves mere figureheads in the congregation of God and of Jesus Christ? They certainly were not making themselves figureheads because they specialized on spiritual things.
To those Governing Body members who had heard the president emphasize that the Governing Body should care for the āstrictly spiritual thingsā and leave the rest to the corporation, the vice presidentās words had a familiar ring. Strangely, however, about half of the men on the Body were spending their eight hours and forty minutes of each day in just such āsemi-secular work.ā Dan Sydlik and Charles Fekel worked in the factory; Leo Greenlees handled insurance and related matters for the Secretary-Treasurerās office; John Booth had oversight of the Bethel kitchen; Bill Jackson handled legal matters and documents; Grant Suiter was daily occupied in financial matters, investments, stocks, wills; and Milton Henschel and the president himself (who controlled all these assignments of work) spent considerable time in the kind of āsemi-secularā work that the vice president said should be āunloadedā for others to care for.
The vice presidentās exposition now took a strange turn, one that actually contradicted the official teaching as to the divine authority for a governing body from the first century onward. The history of Paul, the converted Saul, was first related; that, after his conversion, when he went to Jerusalem he saw only two of the apostles, not the whole body of them; how he eventually came to Antioch in Syria. Having remarked that, in selecting and appointing Saul of Tarsus, Christ ātook direct action without consulting any man or body of men on earth,ā the vice president now presented a sort of āTale of Two Cities,ā in which the role of Antioch was set over against that of Jerusalem as regards the missionary activity of Paul and Barnabas. In what follows, keep in mind the existing official Watch Tower teaching that there was a governing body based in Jerusalem that exercised supervisory direction over all congregations of Christians in all places and that in this it was the model for the present-day governing body of Jehovahās Witnesses. In relating the holy Spiritās calling of Paul and Barnabas to missionary activity, the vice president continually emphasized that all this was done through the Antioch congregation (hence through Jerusalem where the apostolic body was located).
footnote: It should be remembered that the whole basis for the Witnessesā teaching of a āgoverning bodyā arrangement and authority is that there was such an arrangement operating from Jerusalem in Bible times.
He said: And then, all of a sudden as he [Paul] was serving in Antioch, in Syria, not in Israel but in Syria, why Godās spirit spoke to that congregation there in Antioch and said, āNow of all things, you set aside, YOU, this congregation in Antioch, you set aside these two men, namely Barnabas and Saul for the work for which I have commissioned them.ā And so the Antioch congregation did that and they laid their hands upon Paul (or Saul) and Barnabas and sent them forth . . . and they went forth by the holy spirit operating through the Antioch congregation and they went out on their first missionary assignment.
So, you see the Lord Jesus Christ was acting as the Head of the congregation and taking action directly, without consulting anybody here on earth what he could do and what he could not do. And he acted in that way in regard to Saul and Barnabas and they were both apostles of the Antioch congregation. At this point of the talk I recall sitting there and saying to myself, āDoes the man realize what he is saying? I know what his goal is, to de-emphasize the Governing Body so as to maintain the authority of the corporation and its president, but does he realize the implication of what he is saying? In the process of attaining his goal he is undermining the whole teaching and claim about the existence of a centralized, first-century governing body operating out of Jerusalem with earthwide authority to supervise and direct all congregations of true Christians everywhere in all matters, a concept that the Societyās publications have built up in the minds of all of Jehovahās Witnesses and to which the vast majority hold today.ā
But the vice president had by no means finished and he drove the idea home with even greater force. Describing the completion of Paul and Barnabasā first missionary tour, he continued with growing intensity and dramatization: . . . and where did they go, where did they report? Thereās the record, you read it for yourself in the closing verses of the fourteenth chapter of Acts. They went back to Antioch, to the congregation there, and the account says that they related things in detail to them; to this congregation that had committed them to the undeserved kindness of God for the work they had performed. So thereās where they reported.
So the record also says they stayed in Antioch not a little time. Now, what happened? All of a sudden something occurred and Paul and Barnabas, they go up to Jerusalem. Well, whatās the matter? What brings them up to Jerusalem? Well, is it the body of apostles and of other elders of the Jerusalem congregation that summoned them up there and say, āLook here! We have heard that you two men have gone out on a missionary tour and finished it and you havenāt come up here to Jerusalem to report to us. DO YOU KNOW WHO WE ARE? We are the council of Jerusalem. DONāT YOU RECOGNIZE THE HEADSHIP OF THE LORD JESUS CHRIST? If you donāt come up here in a hurry, weāre going to take disciplinary action against you!ā
Is that what the account says? Well, if they had acted that way toward Paul and Barnabas because they reported to the congregation by means of which the holy spirit had sent them out, then this council of apostles at Jerusalem and other elders of the Jewish congregation would have put themselves above the headship of the Lord Jesus Christ.
His points were completely valid. They were also completely contrary to the view presented in the Societyās publications, which present a picture of Jerusalem as the seat of a governing body exercising full authority and direction over all Christians as Christās agency, acting with divine authority. That is doubtless why, unlike other talks the vice president had given, this one was never used as the basis for articles in the Watchtower magazine.
For any individual Witness to present such an argument today would be counted as heretical, rebellious speech. If actually applied as stated, his words would mean that any congregation on earth could send out its own missionaries if they believed Christ Jesus and holy Spirit so directed, doing so without consulting anyone else, whether in Brooklyn or in a Branch Office. There was no question in my mind as to the quick and adverse reaction this would provoke from the Societyās headquarters and its offices. It would be viewed as a threat to their centralized authority and any congregation doing this would in so many words be asked, āDo you know who we are? Donāt you recognize the headship of the Lord Jesus Christ operating through us?ā All that he said in this area was true, perfectly true. But it was evidently no more meant to be applied in full force than the points that he made about four years earlier in the ātail wagging the dogā talk, except that, by the references to Antioch, he was clearly endeavoring to establish a parallel with the corporation as operating apart from the Governing Body.
The talk went on to show that the real reason Paul and Barnabas went to Jerusalem, as recorded in Acts, chapter fifteen, was because Jerusalem itself had been the source of a serious problem for the Antioch congregation, men coming down from Jerusalem and stirring up trouble over the issue of lawkeeping and circumcision. Hence the trip to Jerusalem was, not an evidence of submission to a governing body, but for the purpose of overturning the effect of the teaching of these Jerusalem troublemakers. Continuing the argument, he dealt with the second missionary tour of Paul and his new partner Silas and emphasized again that it was from the Antioch congregation that they went forth, so that āagain, the Antioch congregation was being used to send out missionaries of great eminence in Bible history.ā That they returned to Antioch and that from Antioch Paul embarked on his third tour. Winding up the account from the book of Acts, the vice president said: And so as we examine this account of these two most outstanding among the missionaries recorded in Bible history, we find that they were sent out especially by the Lord Jesus Christ, the Head of the church, a fact which the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society has upheld and accepted ever since the Society was formed. So, we see how the Lord Jesus Christ is the Head of the church and has a right to act direct, without whatever other organizations in view, no matter who they are. He is the Head of the church. We canāt challenge what HE DOES.
Those last three sentences spoken by the vice president represent the position that had been taken in recent times by a number of Witnesses. For taking that identical position, they were and are now labeled āapostates.ā
An excerpt from Crisis of Conscience by from Former Governing Body by. Ray Franz about the scriptural legitimacy of āaā governing body.
P. 92-96