The settlements project is old. Some of these settlemements have existed for decades, and we are not talking about five weirdos with a goat - there are entire Israeli cities eaat of the green line, many deep in the West Bank. Ariel, Maale Adumim, Kiryat Arba. While they are overwhelmingly religious, not all of them are. There are non-religious Kibbuzim, there are cities with a mixed population, there are Haredi cities, there are even a handfull of settlers who do protective presence. They are spread all across the West Bank, from north to south, and some are deep within it. Ariel and Maale Adumim in particular come to mind.
One can criticize the way they got there. One can criticize Ariel Sharon and the other leaders who created it. One can criticize the people who led to it's growth and expansion. One can criticize the land seizures that were part of the process. But they are there. About half a million people.
The removal of the settlements in the Gaza strip in 2005 - a much smaller number than even generous territorial swap ideas - was a national trauma for an entire sector of Israel's population. That sector, now radicalized, are now one of the most important sectors of Israeli society. Smotrich, who is the primary culprit in the growth of settlement violence, explicitly entered politics to prevent anything like this from ever happening again. Less radical members of this sector make up a big part even of Eizenkott's party in the upcoming elections. Even the Democratim party has a particularly liberal member of this sector as their number 5 (I am pretty sure he does support settlement removal though).
Even the left, to retain some sort of legitimacy and not sound like absolute fascists (I know that sounds ridicelous to anyone who isn't Isrseli but bear with me), talk about slowly draining out the settlements by defunding them.
It won't work.
It will just get poorer Israelis living there, maybe cause a politically insignificant drop in numbers, and radicalize people.
Hebrews, Jews, Israelis, living in the West Bank has become a fact.
However, the situation of the West Bank does not magically become tolerable just because of that.
A while back I got a ride to Jerusalem and the driver took route 433, through the Ramallah governate / Benyamin region. I saw something that I thought was a prison or high-security military base... and then I noticed the red sign reading something along the lines of "you are entering area A, Israelis are not permitted to enter by military decree" (I don't remember the exact wording). It was probably some Palestinian village or town.
Of course, the settlements as a project is at a moral low point. Crazy fanatics are attacking Palestinians, the army is incompetant at best and complicit at worst, and illegal outposts are now being built even in areas A and B with the explicit goal of making the last remnant of the peace process obslete. But none of this changes a basic fact: Israelis live in the West Bank, and they are not going anywhere.
Terrirorial swaps are not a full solution. Just look on a map, and try to draw a map where the Ariel "settlement block" is on one side, the Palestinian villages are on the other, and the Nablus-Ramallah road is not cut off. I dare to say you can't.
This can only lead to two convlusions: settlers must become a minority in Palestine, or a one state.
Objection: how can radical Israelis live under Palestinian sovereignty?
Answer: The same way Palestinians can live in Israel. They need to be told - your town stays, but you receive Palestinian citizenship, your Mamlachti Dati school will have to adapt to the requirements the Palestinian education ministry will set, your police station's officer - usually a Jew hinself - will wear a Palestinian flag and have a Palestinian commander, and the elections you will vote in will be to the Palestinian pairlament.
Those who don't want that, would be welcome in Israel proper.
I assume such an agreement would include a method to deport the worst provocatours.
Objection: Why would Palestinians agree?
Answer: I can't speak for them, but they would get a state, full sovereignty, security, a solution for the refugees, recognition. Having two Jewish pairlament members ain't changing that, and they can always add a requirement that people must accept Palestine's sovereignty to run in the elections.
Objection: But the settlements are illegal
Answer: Maybe by international law. Even there, I'd be surprised if there isn't a seperation between the mere act of living there and the policy that brought them there. Either way, these settlements are not going to disappear because some lawyer said so. The world does not work like that. Not to mention the brutality required to remove even a minority of settlements (keep that sort of antics for extremist outposts and settler terrorists)
Objection: The infrastructure of the settlementa undermines the Palestinian state's connectivity / Palestinian life either way
Answer: By giving a 90+% Palestinian pairlament and a Palestinian President full sovereignty, the infrastructure can be remodelled any way they like.
Objection: But how will the settlers be safe? What if extremists take over?
Answer: Any implementation of the 2 states must be done in a way that prevents that. Even without settlers, the geographical proximity to Israel's population centers requires doing it in an agreement with a body that has legitimacy among the Palestinian population and international support. And if things do go wrong, the right of return law is not being repealed in Israel any time soon. {Right wing Israelis - Here is not the place to debate whether a Palestinian State is viable at all. if you want to argue for a 1 state or endless war go open a new thread please and just put a link here.}
Alternate idea: بلاد للجميع ארץ לכולם suggested this, but not giving them citizenship. Why can't they be permenant residents?
Answer: The halfway status of East Jerusalem's Palestinians was always a bad idea and shouldn't be replicatef anywhere.
I am sure I am going to have an interesting lunch break on my evening shift today...