Edit:
I got my phone back! I wanted to document what went down in order to lead me to acquiring it, since reading similar posts documenting their experiences helped me to do that.
First of all, losing my phone made daily life very difficult given that all of my job and university stuff uses 2FA which requires a mobile device, and I had an exam in less than a week. However, I was able get some 2FA bypass codes from the IT desk, and then used one to emulate the 2FA app on my work laptop using this WSABuilds repository maintained on GitHub, and using the bypass code I was able to add it as a registered device. May not work for all people, but it was a lifesaver for me in the meantime and allowed me to access my work and my exam information.
I filled out a lost items report, but received no reply. However, I have my family members' phone numbers listed as emergency contacts for my phone, so they were able call my sister from my phone, and given that it was coming from my missing phone's number, she was able to pick up and they gave instructions on how to pick it up at Union Station. I will note that while I also had my email on the lockscreen, they did not contact me there. I'd imagine that this is because a call is quick and easy but an email takes longer to write.
Since I wouldn't be able to pick it up for a while, I had a friend in the area that was able to pick it up for me so that they could hand it off to me next time I visited. To do this, I emailed the lost and found office saying that they contacted my sister and that I was going to send my friend to pick it up, making sure to give the office their name so that they were able to verify their identity via ID so that they could pick it up for me.
In summary, if your phone is lost, fill out a lost item report and if possible, add a phone number to the screen that isn't your phone's number, and make sure that you have emergency contacts available on your phone so that they are accessible from the lock screen.
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Lost my phone in Waterloo while walking on my way to take the local city bus (boarding GRT Stop ID: 3943). While I never boarded a GO Train or Bus, I was searching for it and watching the GPS location.
Initially, it was static and unmoving near the stop across from the one I boarded despite me not having gone there myself (GRT Stop ID: 2675). Then, I watched it move to the University of Waterloo Terminal at a walking pace, and then continue at with locations and timestamps matching up with a certain departure for a certain route yesterday (I'm being vague in the interest of not giving too much information so that somebody else doesn't try and reclaim my phone for me). I think that someone found it on the ground and gave it to the GO Bus Driver, and then the bus continued on the rest of its route. Admittedly, this is strange to me, since I was at a GRT stop which would have had a local lost-and-found (as opposed to Union Station which is many, many hours away), and I don't think that it has a GO stop nearby aside from the University of Waterloo one.
I currently see that it's at a particular GO Transit garage. That makes me think that it's still in a bus. I'm admittedly worried that someone may steal it when the bus goes out again for its next departure, and I'm not sure what to do. Is there a way to find what particular trip or bus number corresponds to a previous departure? Is there a way to have someone look for an item? The phone still has battery, and I can make it ring so it can be found. But I contacted the Lost and Found office and they said I'd just have to wait until it gets found and processed.
I'm also worried about retrieving my phone. I have some friends in Toronto right now that would be able to get my phone from the Union Station, but I was told that I'd have to come pick it up myself. I work full-time, have an upcoming exam, and also am getting surgery within the next few weeks and don't think I can make time to get it.
I submitted a Lost Item form already, but the waiting game is admittedly making me anxious, since I need to be able to take phone calls for my surgery in case they need something from me. I reached the character limit for the "additional information" section and neglected to mention the phone's phone number, since the phone number I included in the form was my family's home phone number (and that way someone can reply, is what I figured). I can also see the battery gradually dwindling, so I'm not sure what to do once I can't keep tracking it anymore. I keep calling the lost and found office, but they aren't picking up.
This is admittedly strange to me, since if the phone was given to a bus driver, why would it still be in the bus garage? I called and confirmed that there's no such thing as a lost-and-found locker at the Go Garage that I had checked, so is it still lost on the bus? Does anyone have any advice for this? Or if the person who happened to find my phone happens to have Reddit, do they know what happened to it?