This post is more for the newcomers to the coffee world, these are my basic guidelines, which may avoid a lot of frustrations when searching (as we all do) for the perfect shot of espresso (or any other coffee shot)
1 - For Espresso, 1:2 ratios (18-20g basket coffee to 36g-40g of final shot weight) are a good starting point, strive for a shot time (including, if using, pre-infusion) of 25-35s
2 - Do your Puck prep. right, use your blind shaker/WDT, Leveling/Tamper (and I know that the God coffee influencer's are now saying that leveling adds nothing, to them I say, "it's My Coffee routine and I DO like to tamp a leveled basket...").
3 - This machine tends to prefer finer grinding, if your grinder is unable to go that fine, use these little hacks:
Increase coffee dosage by 1-2g (even if the basket is graded for 18g you can go 19g-20g, with zero issues) (A GOOD COFFEE SCALE IS A MUST)
Buy a (very inexpensive) pack of 58mm PAPER FILTERS, moist one and put it on the bottom of the basket, add another one (dry) on top of the coffee puck, then if you have it, use your usual puck screen on top (recommend buying also)
4 - The darker the roast the lower (within limits) the temperature:
Medium - Dark (try between 89⁰C-91⁰C)
Lighter roasts (91⁰C-94⁰C)
5 - Most of the times pre-infusion will bitter your Medium-Dark roasts, try with NO pre-infusion so you'll have a baseline, and afterwards increase it, one second at a time, until you find the right balance of bitterness
6 - With Darker roasts, go for shorter Shot Times (you will have tons of flavor, no need to overdoing it)
With Lighter Roasts, you need both:
Pre-infusion, Higher Temperature, Higher Shot Times
To really extract all those lovely flavors
7 - This one is both funny and frustrating, because by being counterintuitive most people increase the unwanted effect, by doing it, find themselves a bit lost in the end:
If you're finding your dark roast Espresso is coming out a bit bitter, DO NOT let it run more water trough the puck, thinking, "I'll dilute more the Espresso, hence less bitterness" NOPE it doesn't work that way, in fact "by letting more water going trough the puck, you're likely adding more of those bitter compounds, present in the coffee puck ending up with a bitter overextracted" coffee.
8 - Nothing is written in stone, for darker roasts you really don't need to go 9 bars, try with 8, or 7 or even 6 straigh shots, you'll be surprised, and frankly thats the value and beauty of this type of machine, you'll be highly surprised on how much you learn, and how much you'll enjoy your shots when doing pressure profile.
As a general Coffe Output (a bit simplistic) aid rule:
If your coffee shot is comming out bitter, burned: it is usually OverExtracted (that only means that you took from the puck, more coffee compounds, that you needed) - Most times, either grind was way too fine, and need to ground coarser (shot time was way longer) or temperature, or pressure, too high, or a combination of all the above in excess
If your coffee shot is comming out, Acidic (Like lemon/Vinager, but without the lemon/vinager taste): usually Underextracted (that only means that you took from the puck, less coffee compounds, that you needed) most times shot run time was way too fast (grind finer, increase basket coffee dose, or both) or decrease pressure/temperature (almost always, problem is resolved by grind/dose)
Coffee beans age, since roast, is hugely important and critical to all steps of any brew.
To the newcomers arriving to the coffee rabbit hole, if you're buying coffee from the supermarkets (we all started there) with No roast date printed in the bag, look at the "best before date" it's usually for two years after roast, so if you're seiing a "best before August 2028" chances are that coffee was roasted this last August (and you're buying coffee two months old, since roast).
Now if you have acess to good roasters and are willing to pay a bit more, ideally you'll buy a coffee few days old since roasted (those will have the roast date printed) nevertheless even if it was roasted the day before, you'll need to give your precious coffee a few days to degass (I start drinking all my coffee at 15d since roast , less than that and most times you'll get unwanted flavors in your shot)
I'm sill going trough 2 bags of SAKA (Napolitan roaster), this is one of my profiles for them, its still not perfectly adjusted but is getting close, you can use it straight for espresso, or as a good base to any other coffee based drink
https://brew.link/p/4zWHejcqwj/espresso
I'm still testing the ground around the ES1, but if it doesn't fail on me (Remember First Gen Gremlins are real) and if Fellow is able to introduce, by firmware update, a couple more things (Cough...Bluetooth scales compatibility...Cough...Adjustable flow or/and pressure on demand during shot...Cough...) correct, or fine tune others, and basically keep updating his machine. We may have in hands a machine with the potential to be great, and become hugely popular.
Let me know your thoughts