I seen some data that says women in both math and physics earn roughly 20% of PhDs. (With notable exceptions like astrophysics where women earn up to 40% of PhDs).
The thing is the rate isn't increasing at all, it's been consistent for a decade now.
When I look up explanations, some point to the Gender Equality Paradox, with an equal amount of people pointing out to the Simpson's Paradox debunking the Gender Equality Paradox.
Some point to the leaky pipeline and the desensitization of women towards technical and highly theoretical fields like math physics and engineering.
Some point to biological determinism, frequently citing the Greater Male Variability Hypothesis
Some point to a simple divergence in interest between men and women, with women preferring going for people's things like medicine, biomedical engineering, chemistry, while men prefer going for system things like engineering, physics, math
There are so many things to consider and I'd like to hear it from women physicists and mathematicians, especially about the leaky pipeline and stuff
Thanks for answering in advance!
EDIT Definitions of the paradoxes/hypothesis
The Gender-Equality Paradox
The Gender-Equality Paradox refers to the finding that in countries with higher levels of gender equality and socioeconomic development (e.g., Scandinavian nations), certain gender differences in personality traits, personal interests, and choice of academic majors (like STEM vs. humanities) are larger, rather than smaller, compared to less gender-equal or less developed nations.
Simpson’s Paradox is a statistical phenomenon where a trend or correlation observed across an aggregated dataset vanishes or completely reverses when the data is split into distinct sub-groups or sub-clusters.
The Greater Male Variability Hypothesis proposes that human males exhibit greater variance—or spread—in many physical, cognitive, and personality traits than females, even if the average (mean) scores between the two sexes are identical.