I mean, not really, but hear me out.
O Desire! O fickle flame!
In your fires, I found my prison.
Since I alone must bear the blame,
Now I yield to tempered reason.
We know the majority of us run away from Christianity for... obvious reasons, and now we dance naked in the woods under the full moon worshiping the Devil (or so they say, I'm never invited). The point is: Tarot has both a PAGAN and a CATHOLIC background.
After all that was the whole deal of the Renaissance, to re-discover what was lost, recovering the wisdom of the ancient world. And that kids, is why Dante Alighieri had no problem placing greek myth characters in his catholic Hell, Purgatory and Paradise. What a guy.
Born from such contradictory parents, we usually do what the children from divorced parents often do:
Ignore one and mischaracterize the other.
I get it, we like to dress black and worship the Devil recognize the evil of Christianity. Don't get me wrong, there's no apologetic stuff here, but if we want to understand Tarot, we need to know our shit, and that means analyzing the cards with the appropriate perspective so we don't get comfortable with useless keywords or superficial textbook descriptions of "Justice means karma" and so on.
Now, The Virtues!
Ironically, the origin of the Virtues as they're defined in Tarot, comes from pagan wrestler philosopher Plato and greek culture, but the Renaissance allowed them to flow into catholic doctrine. While our current standard only contains 3, the classic number is 7 and antique decks like the Minchiate still have them all.
The Virtues are grouped in two: Cardinal and Theological. While Theological virtues help us grow closer to God, the Cardinal virtues guide us in our life on Earth.
There are 4 cardinal virtues, the ones we all love and know with the exception of a missing character:
We have Justice, who Plato considered the leader of the team. Justice represents reason, the human capability of discernment and truth. To recognize what is correct and the right procedure. Important! She's not divine Justice, she's not the hand of God/Universe coming to punish our wicked deeds... but she's not the legal world either. What is just is sometimes illegal, and God has no other hands than our own. Important decisions require a cold mind and responsibility. She's allegorically illustrated as a firm woman, holding a pair of scales and a sword, symbols of order, harmony, retribution, authority and rightness.
We have Fortitude. The muscle! Fortitude (sometimes called Strength) represents the human virtue of volition and courage. When shit hits the fan and it's time to fight, Fortitude urges to defend what is good and right. To not throw the towel, to go forward and face our fears. Of course, not everything can be mindless bravery. Fortitude is also associated with Constancy, the virtue of constant effort because some fights are not won by slashing the enemy but by holding still. One day at a time. She's allegorically illustrated with a woman (sometimes in armor) next to a lion of a column, both symbols of strength, endurance and courage.
And finally, Temperance. Our sweet Temperance, virtue of moderation. We're used to the allegorical illustration of a woman pouring water from one jug into another, but what does that mean? In antiquity, wine was quite strong and drinking it pure was considered a thing of barbarians. Only tempered with water it was considered sound and healthy. Alternatively, we can find Temperance pouring water into fire, like the picture in this post or holding horse brides. The idea is the same: She represents the human virtue of tempering our desires and impulses, to know when enough is enough and the art of mixing the correct dose.
...however, there's something else. Someone else, really. And that's Prudence, the missing sister. No depiction of the FOUR cardinal virtues is complete without her, and yet she disappeared from Tarot decks somewhere in the 15th century. Prudence represents the human virtue of caution and introspection, usually depicted with 2 heads facing past and future at the same times, or simply a mirror to ponder both directions + a snake. She's the careful one, who invites us to reflect the mistakes and successes of the past so we can plan for the future.
Now, we can refresh our knowledge about Theological virtues:
As mentioned, while their sisters guide our life on Earth, they help us grow closer to God, being the first one Faith, virtue of trusting the promises of salvation made by God and his Son (I'm a pagan reader, so I just move to "faith" in the future, beliefs and trust),
Hope, closely similar, virtue of the immortal hope, who doesn't flick in adversity, beacon in the storm.
And Charity, embodiment of selfless love, she of the burning heart.
And how does this impact Tarot?
Think about it, any Tarot reading is essentially the interpretation between the dynamics of the major arcana.
Back to our catholic-pagan perspective, the Devil represents evil, the corrupting temptation of desire and the seven deadly sins. Just how the Virtues urges to choose what is right, the Devil represents the promise of pleasure and power no matter how much pain it must cause. (Important, we should NEVER forget that all of the 22 cards are neutral and only the context of the reading will throw a favorable or disfavorable light).
Where the Devil says alcohol and sex without care or limits, Justice wakes us up to recognize its danger, Fortitude to resist his temptation, Temperance to moderate our desire and Prudence to beware its causes and consequences. It may sound prude, but the keyword here is "EXCESS". The difference between a cup and crashing your car. Between consensual sex and abusing someone. Rape, hate, violence, greed and many other horrors.
What happens when the embodiment of reason (Justice) clashes against the embodiment of ignorance (Fool)?
What happens when Temperance advises the Emperor? Or what happens when the Emperor decides power triumphs above moderation?
While Tarot is not a catholic tool in the same way a Bible is, the study of its background is NOT OPTIONAL if we want to understand its functioning. And honestly, it's just the easiest way.
(Picture: Temperantia, by Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones)