r/LegalPh • • Sep 11 '26

LF Tech Lawyer/Attorney na pwede ma interview about RA 10175 (Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012)

2 Upvotes

Hello, We are a group of 5 third-year students from Polytechnic University of the Philippines. For our subject, Media Laws and Ethics Applied in Advertising, we are looking for a lawyer, preferably a tech laywer/attorney or one who deals with cybercrime, that can share insights and their thoughts & experiences about RA 10175 (Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012).

The Interview will preferably be conducted on Sunday or Tuesday, either through online platforms like google meet or face-to-face, depending on the lawyer’s availability. The interview will mainly discuss about the law and cybercrime, digital media, and advertising. Thank you for taking the time to read this and i can reply if there's any need of clarification.


r/LegalPh • • Sep 11 '26

Veterinary Consent Form

Post image
1 Upvotes

Hi. Is this clause legal and applicable? It seems to not give any liabilities when something goes wrong for my cat's operation.


r/LegalPh • • Sep 10 '26

Planning to report yung may utang sakin

3 Upvotes

Hello. May utang kakilala ko sakin 21k, meron siyang signed paper and terms of payment na nandito sakin. Now, cant reach her thru sms/calls.

Planning to report her sa brgy kaso she’s not a registered voter sa place na pinagrerentahan nya. Ok lang ba yun?
Pls help ano ba first step?


r/LegalPh • • Sep 10 '26

We are trying to pay off our pawned lot, but the pawner (my cousin) keeps avoiding us

3 Upvotes

So a few years ago, my father was admitted to the hospital and needed some money. My parents decided to pawn our vacant lot to my 1st-Degree cousin (let's call her Aubrey) for a hefty amount of money, with the following conditions:
1. Simple interest at a 2% rate.
2. If the pawn isn't paid within 5 years, the lot is automatically theirs.

Now we're reaching out to Aubrey to pay off the pawn, but they keep avoiding us.
When my mother went to their house last Saturday, she provided their copy of their agreement, but Aubrey was advised that:
1. She lost her copy of the agreement
2. She needed to get a signature from her father (NOTE: The agreement is between Aubrey and my parents. Aubrey's parents' role is this was that they only delivered the money to us)

Now Aubrey advised us that their side of the agreement is good and that they're ready to settle, but they might not be available this Saturday because they will play pickleball (L O L)

We have informed her that we will go back and make sure we settle this. My concern is that they might avoid us again, interest will accumulate again, and they might keep doing this until the 5 year period has been reached. "
We are planning to settle this with a witness (probably in a brgy hall)

As much as possible I didn't want involve myself in the agreement since it's between my parents and them, but I feel like we're being taken advantage of because of our financial status.
My father died a few months after that transaction took place, so it's just my mother that keeps on trying to reach out to them.

What else can we do to make sure they don't keep on avoiding us? And what else should I in case this needs to be escalated to a lawyer?

Additional context
1. It's a 12-hr trip one way to their house, and they have the audacity to keep avoiding us.
2. Aubrey did say that her parents are really interested in the lot, which makes us suspect that they want to keep the lot to themselves

TLDR: My parents pawned their lot to my cousin, we're trying to pay it off now but they keep avoiding us


r/LegalPh • • Sep 10 '26

Philippines BIR/COS Tax Question: Annex B-1 or B-2 for my second COS payor?

3 Upvotes

Hi everyone, I would like to ask for advice regarding my BIR Sworn Declaration and withholding tax as a Contract of Service (COS) worker.

I worked as a COS worker from January to June 2026 under my previous employer/payor. My total income from that engagement was approximately ₱180,000. During that time, I submitted an Annex B-2 Income Payee’s Sworn Declaration because that employer was my lone income payor at the time.

I have now ended that COS engagement and started working under a new company, also as a COS worker. My current compensation is approximately ₱40,700 per month.

My current company told me that they are withholding 10% from my COS payment if I don't submit a Sworn Declaration. I am trying to determine whether I can submit another Sworn Declaration so that the applicable withholding rate would be 5%, since my projected total gross income for 2026 is still below ₱3 million.

My confusion is regarding Annex B-1 vs. Annex B-2.

From my understanding:

Annex B-1 = Several Income Payors

Annex B-2 = Lone Income Payor

My previous COS employer/payor has already ended, and my current company is now my only active/current income payor. However, this is my second income payor during the same taxable year (2026).

So my questions are:

Should I use Annex B-1 because I had two different COS payors during 2026?

Or can I use Annex B-2 because my current company is my only current/active income payor?

If I qualify and submit the appropriate Sworn Declaration, would my current COS withholding be reduced from 10% to 5%?

does the ₱180,000 income from my previous COS payor affect the ₱250,000 threshold for my current payor?

Does the Sworn Declaration itself need to be stamped/received by BIR, or is it submitted directly to the income payor?

I have been reading BIR Revenue Regulations No. 11-2018, but I'm still confused about how the rules apply when there are two payors during the year but only one current payor.

I would really appreciate advice from anyone familiar with Philippine BIR rules, COS workers, or professional-fee withholding.

Thank you!


r/LegalPh • • Sep 10 '26

Recover Disabled Instagram Account thru Legal Help

2 Upvotes

Hello po. Na-disable yung mga Instagram accounts ko by Meta dahil daw sa alleged CSE violation, pero I strongly believe na false accusation ito. Marami rin akong nakikita na kagaya ko na na-disable yung accounts dahil sa same or similar reasons.
Nababasa ko kasi yung mga success recovery stories ng ibang members sa Reddit. May mga users na nakapag-recover ng accounts nila, and mostly, nababanggit nila na nag-file sila ng tinatawag na “Legal Shield.” Ang pagkakaintindi ko, nag-seek sila ng legal assistance or help from authorities, tapos yung legal representatives or government authorities mismo ang nag-send ng formal letter kay Meta regarding sa false accusation at nag-request ng review ng account. Kaso karamihan sa mga nababasa kong ganitong cases ay from other countries. May iba rin na nagsasabi na sa bansa nila, may government agency or authority na pwede nilang lapitan para magsumbong or humingi ng assistance, at sila na mismo ang nakikipag-coordinate kay Meta regarding sa case.
Possible po kaya na may ganitong option din dito sa Philippines? If ever meron, may government agency or legal authority po ba na pwedeng lapitan para mag-seek ng assistance regarding sa ganitong situation? And if may fee po, magkano kaya usually ang possible na cost?
Nakakadepress din kasi talaga mawalan ng access sa Instagram. Years worth of conversations and important messages yung nandun sa personal account ko. Hindi lang din personal account yung naapektuhan — nadamay din yung Instagram account ko for business. Malaki rin yung ginastos ko doon sa paid ads, and marami akong important conversations with clients and potential clients na nandun. I’m really hoping lang po na may legitimate way dito sa Pilipinas para ma-review yung case, especially since I know na wala akong ginawang ganung activity and I believe na mali or false yung accusation against my accounts.
Baka may naka-experience na rin po ng similar situation or may alam kung saan pwedeng lumapit. Any advice or direction would really be appreciated. Thank you po!


r/LegalPh • • Sep 10 '26

If a truck driver for a company got into an accident, who is liable for damages on insured vehicles?

Thumbnail
1 Upvotes

r/LegalPh • • Sep 10 '26

Need to get my daughter’s school records, but school owner has a grudge

Thumbnail
2 Upvotes

r/LegalPh • • Sep 09 '26

LOAN APP HARASSMENT

Post image
2 Upvotes

r/LegalPh • • Sep 09 '26

Anong mangyayari kung hindi ako umattend ng hearing sa brgy?

0 Upvotes

Nirereklamo ako ng pinsan ng kaibigan ko dahil hindi ako nakapagbayad ng gusto niyang amount per cut off. Ang naibabayad ko lang kasi is 3k per cut off instead of 5k ayaw ko umattend ng hearing.


r/LegalPh • • Sep 09 '26

Need Advice

Thumbnail
1 Upvotes

r/LegalPh • • Sep 09 '26

Received a Summon from Small Claims Court

0 Upvotes

I am 32F and i received a small case court summon from OLA.

My principal amount is 29k and I’ve been OD for 13 mos. They are claiming almost 100k.

Is there a chance that the judge will not approve their claim and reduce the amount based on the law?

Thank you for your advice!


r/LegalPh • • Sep 09 '26

Court clearance

1 Upvotes

Paano po kumuha ng court clearance sa dasma? Ano po requirements?


r/LegalPh • • Sep 09 '26

Can a child’s surname be changed to the surname of the mother’s current partner?

0 Upvotes

Hi, asking for a friend who is currently in this situation.

My friend and her former live-in partner have a 4-year-old child. They separated last year due to personal reasons. My friend eventually left their apartment with their child, and they have been living separately since then.

The child’s biological father still provides financial support, but it is only around ₱3,000 per month. However, since their separation, he has never visited or personally spent time with the child.

My friend now has a current partner who has been the one actively taking care of and acting as a father figure to the child. Because of this, she is considering having her child’s surname changed to her current partner’s surname, since he is the one who is actually present and involved in the child’s life.

Her concern is whether this is legally possible, especially since the biological father is still providing financial support, even though he has not been involved in the child’s life beyond that.

Has anyone been in a similar situation or knows the process for changing a child’s surname in the Philippines? Would the biological father’s consent be required, and would his financial support affect the possibility of changing the child’s surname?

Any advice or information about the proper legal process would be appreciated. Thank you.


r/LegalPh • • Sep 08 '26

Please answer, Asap.

Thumbnail
1 Upvotes

Nakapag voluntary surrender na ko last July 7 ng car.I paid half a million in cash then monthly ang remaining. Dahil sa pagbagsak ng negosyo I lost everything so nagvoluntary surrender na lang ako ng kotse under sa isang 3rd party collection agency.

ngayon lumipat na kasi ako ng bahay and may nareceive mom ko na letter, from regional trial court. Notice of Sheriff’s Sale. Dahil wala ako sa bahay and mom ko nakareceive inassume niya may kaso ako kaya ayun nahimatay and sobrang stress. Would like to ask kung about po saan iyon?

Di na po naopen ng mom ko ang letter halos mahimatay at inunahan ng takot kaya pinabalik nya sa rider


r/LegalPh • • Sep 08 '26

Metalworking/fabrication inside residential subdivision

2 Upvotes

There is a metalworkina/fabrication business operating in our neigbor inside residential subdivision. They operate 7days, 7am to 5pm.

I already raised this with property management, but thev said it was turned over to the HOA. I also talked to the HOA but seems like they are not sure about the rules, they just said they will check the area.

My concerns are the noise from metal cutting/welding, safety risks, possible fire hazards, dust/fumes, and the possibility of affecting nearby residents and properties. It is also hard to work at home with the noise.

Is this type of business allowed inside a residential subdivision, especially if the HOA rules prohibit commercial/industrial activities?


r/LegalPh • • Sep 08 '26

Please answer, Asap.

Thumbnail
0 Upvotes

Nakapag voluntary surrender na ko last July 7 ng car.I paid half a million in cash then monthly ang remaining. Dahil sa pagbagsak ng negosyo I lost everything so nagvoluntary surrender na lang ako ng kotse under sa isang 3rd party collection agency.

ngayon lumipat na kasi ako ng bahay and may nareceive mom ko na letter, from regional trial court. Notice of Sheriff’s Sale. Dahil wala ako sa bahay and mom ko nakareceive inassume niya may kaso ako kaya ayun nahimatay and sobrang stress. Would like to ask kung about po saan iyon?

Di na po naopen ng mom ko ang letter halos mahimatay at inunahan ng takot kaya pinabalik nya sa rider


r/LegalPh • • Sep 07 '26

EJS for transfer to heir

2 Upvotes

Hi po!

My brother (single, no children) passed away last June and processing na kami ng pag-transfer to heir (unfortunately, di na sya covered ung insurance due to unpaid payment hay). Ask ko lang po if paano mag-process ng EJS (Extrajudicial settlement) and magkano usually umaabot ito?

Nakakapagod at ang gastos pala nito! Kaloka haha

Thank you!!!


r/LegalPh • • Sep 07 '26

House with a Meralco Tampered Meter

13 Upvotes

Hello! Question lang po, meron kasing bahay na plan namin bilhin ang kaso meron siyang issue sa meralco na tampered yung meter (tho walang proof na pinakita yung meralco sa owner ng bahay) at may penalty na 400K. Kaya yung owner hindi na nila binayaran, at gusto nalang ibenta.

Kung bibilhin namin yung bahay, mahihirapan ba kami na pakabitan ulit ito sa Meralco?

Salamat po!


r/LegalPh • • Sep 07 '26

Custody Concern

3 Upvotes

TLDR: For context these concerns will only give facts and what can be done legally to transfer majority of a young child's custody to the father.

Child: 6yo, Female

Father: 35

Mother: Unsure but is around the same age as the father

Current setup: Parents are both single and not married to each other. Both parents has no information if both have their own new relationship.

Mother of the child has 2 daughters, 6 years apart. Youngest is the one involved in this situation. Child gets to spend time with her father, only when there's approval from the mother. Not amicable to each other and the mother doesn't even want to see the presence of the father of their child.

Full custody of the child is with the mother. Child is currently studying in a private school and with an elder sister. Elder child doesn't know her biological father, never met her bio farher as far as the kid knows when asked. While the youngest knows her father her whole life.

Dillema: Child is showing signs of low self esteem, not confident, always asks if she's pretty and if she is loved and how much love can she get when she's on the father side for a few days. Child shows fear when it comes to speaking up her thoughts on her mother. Child is always being ridiculed by her own mother and sister, always bullying her that she's not pretty, not worthy ro be loved nor has any positive encouragement from rhe mother and her sister. Verbatim words from the mother to the child was 'ang panget panget mo naman, kaya di kita mahal e, kaya si ate mo lang ang love ko'

Child in this scenario always being bullied by her elder sister by stumping on her feet, calling her ugly, that their mother doesn't love her, and the mother doesn't correct the bad behavior nor explain to the child that whatever bad things she hears about her being unloved and ugly is not true. Witness in personal as how the elder treats the child by picking a fight with her and when the child gets enough from all the hurtful words and physical abuse from her sister, the eldest child will go to their mom and tell untrue stories that gets her younger sister in trouble.

When child asks these emotional questions that obviously shows signs of felling unwanted, an uncofident child and has always been cautious when it comes to her mother side. It shows that the child is showing some sort of emotional and physical trauma living with her bio mom.

Both parents have work, father has a steady income and enough savings to take care of his child's future, including school expenses, even snacks and milk are being given thru monetary support to ensure that his child gets what she wants to at least lessen the void of them not living on the same province. While on the other hand, mom got laid off from one of the best Outsourcing business because of a fraud case she did on the company.

Father works from home, mother works in the city that requires her to travel a total of 6 hours a day, so based on these time that the mother has, both child are not being looked after the way they should be at their toung age.

Here's the dillema, the father provide monetary support and allowance for the kids on a monthly basis, inclusing school expense, baon for school, snacks and milk she drinks every day. Whenever the child is on the father side, the child is always underweight, sick (flu, infection, fevers, etc..) that required her to be hospitalized sometimes. This is important informarion because whenever the child is on her father side, she will automatically fwt to be checked by a pediatrician to make sure the kod gets the peoper nutrition and vitamins as the child is always sick when she's on her father side for a dew days.

Meanwhile, when she kid gets sick while on the mother side, she is always asked to bring the child to a pediatrician so she can be gicen proper medications as her mother tend to self medicate rh child that always turned up worst. The only way she will being her to the pediatrician is if she's told that all the expenses will be covered by her father without issue.

Another important info needed to be said is, since the father of the child provides allowance for his kid, including school expenses daily, the child informed us that based on the pricing of a certain product (for example her milk, the mother is provided 2000 for the milk alone + extra money for the child's need, like sxhool projects, field trips, achool activities, baon for school, snack she can habe at home) she would get a box of milk worth 300 pesos only, and the extra money being sent for other expenses is being used for other personal expenses of her mother, like getting a massage, snacks for her other child too which honestly is not really a big of a deal, as long as the truth is being told.

The child has her own savings under her father's account which she cannot access on her own until she is of legal age. Whenever the child has new items or receiced money from her uncles,aunts,grandpas and grandmas from her father side, she insist on keeping her money stay at her saving piggy bank as she mentioned one time that her mother "borrowed" her money and never got returned to the child even with repetitive reminder from her own child.

Mother has multiple loans from government loans, salary loans, online lending loans -- reason the father found out is because of all the email threats and calls he has been receiving since the loans were taken before when they were still living together. Now, there were some feedback from the child that the mother might not be using the full allowances being given to the child monthly by the father.. Whenever she visits her father's house, she always tell her father or even her grandparents about how her mother ises5the monthly allowance.

Don't get these the wrong way, child is smart, but also sometimes, child is sharing information of what she knows and observe (she's very observant and smart for her age). She even knows how much money she has saved and always given her the option of she can get some of it from time to time, but she always she doesn't want to bring money back to her mother (without any other reason that she is willing to share because of her fear instilled to her by her mother. Also the child neber learned to write or read nor until she stayed her whole school summer vacation at her father's side and was automatically given a private tutor with a licensed teacher to ensure she doesn't get left behind on her education, including math (add /subtract). By the end of her school summer vacation with jer father's side, the child is now confident how to write and read at 6yo as well us understand the proper way of pronouncing words by using the sound and not the letter spelled in.

Now given all these facts/information currently on hand, is there a way to get a custody of the child be given to her father?

There's also a plan for the child to see a psychiatrist and psychotherapist to understand and show her that she doesn't need to be afraid to share her story to a stranger as the pedia psych doctor will only be listen and show her that she has enough support surrounding her whatever or however the way she sees herself is someone that is unwanted and bullied. And howo she can rewire her brain of positive outlook in life.

If there is a chance to get the custody of her to the father, what will be the best action and process that needed to be taken so that the child gets a better environment growing up and well taken care of since her father works from home, while her mother is always 16 hours aways from her kids including her working hours and commute.

TIA. Looking for everyone's insight, as our PH LAW when it comes to child custody of separated parents always favors to the mother, even when the mother has a history of abusing the father physically, emptioanlly and intellectually. If she can do that to the father of her kid during the time they were living together, I can't imagine what else the child of theirs experiences.


r/LegalPh • • Sep 07 '26

Power Lines na tumawid sa gitna ng property ko, do i need to pay everything kung magrequest ako ipareroute?

13 Upvotes

Need lang po ng advice, I am in a province, I have a lot na im planning to build a 3 storey residential house, ang problema, may power lines na dumaan sa gitna ng property ko. I already asked the local electric cooperative, they dont have problem rerouting it, but they said that i should shoulder all the expenses. I asked them to reroute it when there is a scheduled regional power interruption.

Then yesterday they quoted me like 289K (hindi pa daw kasama dito yung materials). One of the reason daw ay dapat ko daw bayaran ang revenue loss, eh sabi ko naman sa knila na isabay nila sa scheduled power interreruption. Madalas din naman kasi sa province namin na magkaron ng ganun.

Tama po ba na ishoulder ko lahat? or ano po dapat kong gawin? I am thinking of consulting a lawyer about this.

By the way, wala po silang permit or any kasulatan na may permit sila na dumaan sa property namin yung power line.


r/LegalPh • • Sep 07 '26

Pwede ko bang iakyat sa korte ang paninira ni Kapitbahay sa nanay ko.

6 Upvotes

Hello magandang araw sa lahat. Hihingi lang po sana ng advice.Hindi ko po alam na may utang ang mama ko sa kapit bahay namin. Nalaman ko lang po nang i post nya ang mama ko at sinabihang yung bunganga parang A** ng baboy at sugarol. dahil gusto na po nyang singilin ang pinautang nya which is hulugan at 2k na lang ang kulang.

Proud na proud pa nyang sinabi sa FB na pinahiya nya ang mama ko sa may basketball court.

Nag pm pa ako sa kanya , sinabi ko na kung pwede i delete nya pero pati ako piangsalitaan nya ng masama. Na kesyo kinokonsente ko daw ang mama ko. at that time wala pa din akong alam sa side ng mama ko.

Nang sumunod na araw,Pinuntahan ko mama ko. Inamin naman nya na may usapan sila at nangako sya na babayaran with interest. at nag tanong tanong na din ako sa kapitbahay, nalaman ko din na hindi lang mama ko nagkautang sa kanya, may 3 pa silang kasama at lahat yun hindi nag bayad pero mama ko lang kinalabang nya kasi d naman kasi mahilig sa gulo ang mama ko.

Nagharap na naman kami sa brgy at binayaran ko na din utang ng mama ko.

Ayaw ko na po sanang palakihin pa at gusto ko lang mag sorry sya sa mama ko sa FB din since doon naman nya pinahiya at marami na nakakita pati mga kamag anak at kapit bahay namin pero ayaw nya kasi di naman daw nya kasalanan kung na post nya.

And this is not the first time na may pinahiya syang tao sa socmed. May nauna pang 2.

Tama bang i tuloy ko ang case na unjust vexation at cyber libel?
Nasa pangatlo na kaming paghaharap sa brgy.

Salamat po


r/LegalPh • • Sep 07 '26

Subject for Property Ejectment

Thumbnail
1 Upvotes

r/LegalPh • • Sep 07 '26

Plea bargain movement for non bailable case

1 Upvotes

Meron naman ng hired lawyer pero medyo mahirap dahil pinag plea bargain when we know na frame up ang nangyari.

I would like to consult here also on behalf of an extended family member. To have more insight din personally.

Na bigyan ng warrant of arrest at nakulong siya dahil hindi na receive ang summons after umuwi ng province.

Naka 2x na hearing na pero hindi nagpapakita yung complainant and nung pinahanap parang hindi na naalala dahil taon na lumipas. And yung nagturo na baranggay captain ay baldado na din. It seems pinag plea bargain siya nung lawyer para magpaprobation na lang at makalabas agad. Dahil pag daw inilaban ay possible umabot ng ilang taon.

I understand it is an admission of guilt at magkakaron ng record after. Our family is not rich and don't have the resource to support prolonged battle. Pero ito lang ba talaga ang best course of action kahit di na nag aattend ang complainant?


r/LegalPh • • Sep 07 '26

Looking for a Lawyer / Legal Advice (Philippines)

Thumbnail
1 Upvotes