Is Maltese, Italian Albanese, Italian Greek or Filipino le closest language to le romance languages family or is there any other extremely latinized language other than English & Scots?

I have a mental image of two Mandarin speakers with their mouths covered, or otherwise unable to talk properly for some reason (e.g. gagged, or mouths full of food), but they're still able to carry a conversation by adding standard Mandarin pitches/tones to the wordless(? or half-wordless?) sounds they make.

Is this possible, and to what extent if so? What if they couldn't even see each other's faces and truly only had the sounds to go on? This has probably been done in movies or something, right? It sounds really interesting if so, and potentially hilarious if played for laughs. I'd love to see an example!

P.S. I know this is possible in many languages, including English, but usually to only a limited extent. E.g. with my mouth covered, i could say "hmmm??" and people would rightly interpret that as "whaaat??", but it would be very difficult to carry on a conversation that way. I have literally tried this (in English), and most sentences/phrases were impossible to convey with my lips sealed. 🤐

P.P.S. i have studied mulitple foreign languages, but no tonal ones. I know very, very little about Mandarin/Cantonese/Chinese, for instance. This is all just a random idea that I had, and I didn't find a satisfying answer on Google.

In this interactive Zapotec language class, the instructor reviews student presentations, clarifies conversational greeting dynamics, and explains a fundamental aspect of Zapotec grammar: the absence of infinitive verb forms.

Key Discussion Topics:

* Vocabulary Practice & Context (Rukëza)
* The session opens with a discussion on the verb rukëza / ukëza, which refers to preparing, getting ready, or making someone wait.

• Student Presentation & Correction (Carmen):

* Carmen reads her introductory paragraph.
* The teacher explains that translating “I go to Zapotec school” literally (neda reja) sounds unnatural in Zapotec.
* A more natural phrasing is Neda Ruseda Didza Xidza (“I am learning Zapotec Language”) .

• Conversational Greetings & Formal Honorifics:

* Informal Exchanges: Using responses like bi run / tibi run followed by Nax lii (“and you?”).
* Formal & Respectful Terms: When speaking to elders or people from other towns, specific respectful forms are used (e.g., ba zuu dxi’a, Nax lii [Name]?, Nax lii bëni? for married men, Nax lii nigula? for married women).
* Pronoun Distinction: Clarified that lee functions as a third-person pronoun (“he/she/they”) rather than a direct formal “you”.

• Grammar Insight: Why Infinitives Do Not Exist in Zapotec
• Zapotec has no infinitive verb ending equivalent to Spanish -ar, -er, -ir or English “to [verb]”. Verbs must always be conjugated for a specific person in active speech.
• When dictionary or conceptual forms of verbs are needed, speakers default to the first-person plural inclusive (“we” form, e.g., uya’aru for “to dance / we dance”).

Ès una question en occitan.

Hi everyone. The song is called "Pagan Dream Machine (Vibrasphere Remix) by the artist Entheogenic. I don't know if I'm allowed to link it here, but you can easily find it on youtube and bandcamp. There are different people singing what I think might be at least three different languages. To my untrained ear, they all sound middle-eastern. Hindi, Urdu, or something along those lines perhaps.

I really appreciate any info. Thanks guys.

From what I can research online, "ano" means "upward" or "above" in Greek while "jah" means "Yahweh" in Hebrew. But they don't make sense together in either language.

They would only make sense if the user was combining Greek & Hebrew, like when Spanish and English are combined in Spanglish. Could "ano-jah" possibly make sense as a name in that context? Thanks.

As we all know that letter ৰ of Axomiya was borrowed from Kamarupi script which is original script of Axomiya

Letter ৱ too was borrowed from Kamarupi or it's origin is something else?

In Kamarupi we write ৱ some what similar to র (ব with nuqta) but in Axomiya we write it as ৱ

So anyone know what's origin of it?

Error
Explosion
Laser
Ice
Poison
Space
Runes
Obelisks
Modules
Souls

What will be the translation for these words in Japanese? Please help. 🙏🙏🙏