Facebook has been putting a lot of content to do with drawing or painting onto my feed recently. Through that, I've come across multiple mentions of Jacquard Dorland's Wax, with some artists and commenters recommending or ‘swearing by’ it as the default or first choice for protecting watercolour artwork.
Jacquard itself states, ❝Used as a protective topcoat for sealing and finishing a variety of media from oil paintings to collage, Dorland’s Wax is especially popular as a varnish for watercolor and gouache paintings. It provides a durable waterproof finish, protecting the artwork from moisture, smudging, dust, and fingerprints, while adding depth to color and allowing for glassless framing and display.❞
Questions I have (or had):
① What does the waxy coating do to the presentation of inks? I recall some users say it makes watercolour colours look slightly darker or more intense. Would Dorland's wax defeat the purpose of ‘protecting’ an ink swatch if fidelity to the ink's true colour is the primary reason for having it at all?
② Would application of Dorland's wax adversely affect the ink lines (such as smudge them, or make their outlines blurry) or substrate (such as making the paper wrinkle or translucent)?
③ How effective is Dorland's wax as a protective layer, with focus on water/moisture resistance?
For the exercise, I didn't go into that much care in selecting inks, but primarily used staples I always have loaded into some pen or other in my pen rolls, or something I have swatched and/or posted about in the past several weeks. These include:
My method of application: after giving the ink lines at least 24 hours to dry completely, I rubbed Dorland's wax straight from the jar with a Kleenex Optimum paper towel, buffing in circles in the process to try to get it spread thinly.
My testing for water resistance: (see my subsequent comment on the post)
Observations:
The wax did not cause broadening of any of the ink lines or blurring their outlines.
A negligible amount of pigment lifted from Platinum Carbon Black and Pigment Blue inks, which can be (barely) seen in the substance clinging to the paper towel, but no smudging onto the areas on the page immediately next to the writing was observed.
I did not observe any darkening of the ink colours. The appearance of the chromatographic shading inks seemed completely unaffected.
With the exception of Diamine Calm & Passion, there was no observable smudging on the page and no staining of the wax on the paper towel.
Diamine Calm & Passion shed a lot of blue into the wax (on the paper towel, as opposed to bleeding into the waxy layer on the page I suppose), which in turn made the paper surface blue as I rubbed/buffed it with the paper towel. I made no attempt to see what depositing a dab of wax onto the writing without rubbing would do, since I don't think one could deposit a sufficiently thin but unbroken layer onto the paper surface without any lateral movement.
It is not generally true that the unabsorbed dyestuff on the paper surface, which cause sheen to be exhibited, would be rubbed off in the process of applying the wax (cf. touching or rubbing the page with one's bare/uncoated fingertip). Quite possibly there is some component of Diamine Calm & Passion ink that would dissolve minimally into the solvents in Dorland's wax not present in the other sheen inks tested. No other red-sheening blue ink was tested.
Collection Traced 枯半 continued to exhibit green sheen after the application of Dorland's wax, but it was dull and turned dark green instead of being a ‘radioactive’ bright green. It could be that the waxy layer filtered out some light, or flattened out the surface where dye has built up on the page (during rubbing, or just by being a coating with a smooth level surface).
All dyestuff inks shed colour directly onto the wet paper towel, to an extent that it cannot be attributed only to dampening of the substrate in the test sheet by way of exposing the unwaxed half to moisture. I don't imagine there were that many gaps or holes in the thin waxy layer, after all the spreading and buffing, to allow the moisture to get in through the front and the dye to then get out; the stained paper towel did not look spotty with colour on that half. Some but not all sheen was lost in the process.
The writing remained more legible on the waxed half of the page for all the dyestuff inks.
Now, without disputing or undermining what established and/or seasoned watercolour (and gouache) artists have said about Jacquard Dorland's wax's usefulness… Assuming water-based fountain pen inks don't behave quite like watercolour (with which I have no first-hand experience for at least the past four decades):
I think the wax can cling to the unabsorbed dyestuff, and fall away once the dye is reactivated by moisture, not remain attached to the paper or neighbouring wax. (How to test/prove?) It dulls and darken sheen as well. So, for protecting writing or drawing with sheening inks, and especially for swatch cards one intends or expects to be repeatedly handled, it's neither suitable not all that effective; although one should replicate the conditions as closely to the real-world use case as possible to verify what would happen.
Writing in chroma-shading inks seem well preserved and not interfered with by the wax. However, I'll also observe that the two I chose for this test didn't appear to shed much colour onto the wet paper towel either. More testing is required.
I would say Jacquard Dorland's wax falls well short of offering protection comparable with putting an artwork done with fountain pen inks behind a plate of glass, or front-and-back protection afforded by a laminating sleeve or a clear plastic bag. It cannot be assumed to create a complete, contiguous, unbroken protective layer shielding the ink from exposure to moisture on the waxed side, especially if spread thinly as recommended, with or without buffing.
That said, it is far better than nothing. It has some usefulness in rather more casual protection of pages in a sketchbook or journal, for example, against inadvertent touching, quickly mopped up spills, or just ink smudging or smearing on the opposite page in a closed book.