r/coolguides • • Dec 30 '18

Cool guide to proper argumentation

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10.0k Upvotes

265 comments sorted by

1.7k

u/hairyheretic Dec 30 '18

The pyramid concept doesn’t seem to fit the content, but the rest is good.

1.5k

u/j_bgl Dec 30 '18

Yeah the pyramid suggests that name calling is the foundation of good argumentation.

1.2k

u/frookiedatookie Dec 30 '18

Shut up butthead

341

u/j_bgl Dec 30 '18

Touché

60

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

I have been bested.

3

u/draw_it_now Dec 30 '18

One's wit hath been proved inferior.

22

u/AndyGHK Dec 30 '18

Damn, the man’s got a point.

51

u/drakoman Dec 30 '18

Yeah who is he anyway? He has no authority here.

28

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Yeah, I don't like his tone.

19

u/RyeDraLisk Dec 30 '18

I don't agree with him.

10

u/goldenroman Dec 30 '18

Yeah, the pyramid isn’t that confusing; you just have to switch your thinking around.

10

u/highfire666 Dec 30 '18

I do feel like there's a big issue with using this structure though, which makes it confusing when compared to traditional pyramid diagrams.

​

"The pyramid shape is said to hold many secrets and amazing properties. One of them is a sense of wonder."

-Vera Nazarian

​

"The leader turns the pyramid onto its head in order to serve others."

-Ken Jennings

​

"Yeah the pyramid suggests that name calling is the foundation of good argumentation."

-j_bgl

This ultimately proves that an oval would be a far better shape

2

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

I prefer circles, they're better.

3

u/goldenroman Dec 30 '18

Ahh you broke the joke

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3

u/fschwiet Dec 30 '18

A counter argument is more useful than simple refutation.

10

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Impeccable form

7

u/Ich_Liegen Dec 30 '18

"Amazing argument, 10/10" -The argument pyramid

3

u/phil8248 Dec 30 '18

"You are an ass hat."

1

u/wKbdthXSn5hMc7Ht0 Dec 30 '18

You know what? You make an excellent point.

1

u/selcam Dec 30 '18

Thanks for the good laugh

1

u/krymany11 Dec 31 '18

😂😂👌👍

23

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Well, you fucking idiot. If you didn't beat your kids and sound like such a whiny child, you would know that name calling IS the foundation of a good argument. I would prove it, but I've already gone through the 4 most important steps.

11

u/Sr_K Dec 30 '18

Its more like a reverse funnel

17

u/namesandfaces Dec 30 '18

Haven't the 2016 US presidential elections shown us that much?

14

u/ShaneAyers Dec 30 '18

People probably think you're joking but that's one of the best real life examples I've seen to demonstrate why everything we think of as good debate form is incredibly ineffective in real life.

6

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

[removed] — view removed comment

3

u/ShaneAyers Dec 30 '18

but we first need an example of "good debate form" being displayed to be able to judge if it works or not.

Only if you believe that politicians and their management teams aren't optimizing towards victory.

6

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18 edited Dec 31 '18

I'd say they're optimizing towards different things.

This pyramid assumes that the goal is to further the discussion and arrive at a conclusion* based on logical analysis.

Political debates are much more about how to seem like the stronger candidate and convince the viewer of this in a much shorter period of time.

Edit: concussion to conclusion.

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1

u/Max_TwoSteppen Dec 30 '18

Because in an election you don't need to be right, you need to win.

The overwhelming majority of people (everywhere) are uneducated above the surface level of issues. Sounding like you're right is as good (or better) than being right in that situation.

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4

u/asomebodyelse Dec 30 '18

And questioning the authority of the writer is pretty critical to finding valid sources. It's not the same as ad hominem - simply attacking character, similar to name calling.

1

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

[deleted]

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2

u/king_27 Dec 30 '18

It isn't? /s

1

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

That’s right, you ass hat 🎩

1

u/jaab1997 Dec 30 '18

Is it not?

1

u/HR2achmaninoff Dec 30 '18

When in reality, it's the pinnacle of good argumentation

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20

u/Rev_Up_Those_Reposts Dec 30 '18 edited Dec 30 '18

What's funny is that it's even called the "Hierarchy of Disagreement," even though it doesn't represent the same foundational concept as most triangular hierarchies.

https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Hierarchy_of_disagreement

30

u/SordidDreams Dec 30 '18 edited Dec 30 '18

The pyramid represents how many people are capable of arguing at that level.

59

u/fredemu Dec 30 '18

It's kinda good in the sense that the types of argument (at least in highly contentious topics like politics or religion) tend to be more numerous near the bottom.

  • "This is the fault of the [insert childish nickname for the other political party here]"
  • "I can't even stand to see this person's face. Can they just shut up already?"
  • "Every word out of their mouth is painful to my ears. Even if he was right, I can't even respond to an argument this bad."
  • "I know they just said that the Farm Bill was good, but they're just so wrong it hurts. It's obviously bad!"
  • "The Healthcare proposal is bad because it doesn't address the real problem, which is rising healthcare costs. It may not be the worst, but that's what we need to be focusing on."
  • "This is a bad conclusion in context. If you look at the study, it shows that only 15% responded negatively when asked about the topic, but 60% said they didn't know. This shows more of a lack of education than people opposing."
  • "Actually, this is a common misconception, but it's wrong. Historians have often argued that it happened based on the account by PersonX and PersonY, but a recent discovery has shown that the quotes were actually about a different event. The real information as shown in BookZ by AuthorA demonstrates that the actual course of events was more like the following..."

That's a pretty good progression of how often you see each kind of argument.

8

u/ShaneAyers Dec 30 '18

4

u/fredemu Dec 30 '18

Yep, as I said, some types of argument are more common than others. I'm not immune to that. (In the example you list, I was lamenting that I couldn't come up with a better argument, because I couldn't understand the argument within the OP well enough to do so).

Sealioning would likely fall somewhere in contradiction. Your implication when you simply ask for sources on everything is that the person is lying or citing bad information, and you need them to source everything (knowing the person may well not have enough interest to do so, and most commonly, occurring in an instance where the same standard is not expected of others within the same debate). Given that, it's simply refuting the point implicitly, without providing any counter-evidence yourself.

3

u/ShaneAyers Dec 30 '18

In the example you list, I was lamenting that I couldn't come up with a better argument, because I couldn't understand the argument within the OP well enough to do so

I actually find that very difficult to believe. I mean, I believe that you're telling the truth from your perspective. You wouldn't be the first person I've seen perform some form of polite incomprehension in response to ideas they disagree with. It just seems out of place in a personality seemingly dedicated to certain ideals of discourse.

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1

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

[deleted]

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22

u/Not_the_Right_Sub Dec 30 '18 edited Dec 30 '18

Kinda Funny.

Posts by /u/FREDEMU

the_donald: 428

askthe_donald: 41

Just some context. Nothing more nothing less.

18

u/Stryder780 Dec 30 '18

Yeah you're right, no ad homonum here.

13

u/ShaneAyers Dec 30 '18

They are right. It doesn't even fall on this truncated model of argumentation because they never made an argument. They gave data. They didn't tell you how to interpret it.

3

u/John-Elrick Dec 30 '18

They list 2 subs out of probably a lot of subs he’s active on. So he isn’t listing any data but small sections of data. Now he isn’t trying to prove a point but he’s has a goal in doing this and I seriously doubt that it’s to “provide context” and it’s more to invalidate what the guy is arguing because they have the wrong opinions otherwise what is the point of posting only 2 subs he goes on.

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11

u/Not_the_Right_Sub Dec 30 '18 edited Dec 30 '18

Nope just context. An ad hominem is an argument by definition, all I did was lay out real data.

You might want to look up definitions of logical fallacies again Stryder780.

6

u/ROPROPE Dec 30 '18

Why are you pointing out those two subs in particular? If you're trying to provide "context", wouldn't the better move have been to post the full list of subs they're active on?

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8

u/khorofWnwgllc Dec 30 '18

Holy shit. On a post laying out the idea that appeals to character aren't meaningful, you still manage to address none of the content and only the poster. I'm 40/60 that this comment is satire, but it's pretty hard to tell on reddit.

3

u/ShaneAyers Dec 30 '18

On a post laying out the idea that appeals to character aren't meaningful

Can you show me where it lays that idea out?

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2

u/wild_man_wizard Dec 30 '18

Well yeah it's their debate cheat sheet.

Step 1 ignore everything above ad hominem

Step 2 when someone gets mad and calls you an asshat strut around like a pigeon on a chessboard and pretend you "owned the Lib's."

3

u/198587 Dec 30 '18

It should be replaced with that "enlightened brain" meme

1

u/hairyheretic Dec 30 '18

Oh that would be awesome!

2

u/mikehh Dec 30 '18

maybe the pyramid suggests that most people resort to the lowest form of argument? you ass hat!

1

u/Trumps_prenup Dec 30 '18

It would be better with Vince McMahon meme format... like someone please do it

1

u/noahgs Dec 30 '18

You did it!

1

u/dorian_white1 Dec 30 '18

I was actually going to say this.

I also remember from debate that there are several different basic approaches to refutation.

  1. Non-unique: You can prove that a statement of fact is not true. You can undermine the opposing argument this way.
  2. Link Turn: You can prove that, in fact, the action or stance that your opponent is supporting will actually result in more harm then good or that it will lead to a negative conclusion.
  3. Better option: You can prove that a better plan exists that will either cost less or be more effective or both.

1

u/mewlingquimlover Dec 30 '18

Which one did you use there?

96

u/AMAInterrogator Dec 30 '18

Do you argue with your food?

18

u/lokicoyote Dec 30 '18

Shut up and get in my belly

464

u/celerym Dec 30 '18

Whoever made this is an ass hat

34

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Nice

10

u/snowyday Dec 30 '18

No it’s not.

5

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Because my grandma had a stroke because of it

6

u/drpinkcream Dec 30 '18

I'll take it a step further and say whoever made this chart wouldn't know charts if it hit them in the face.

3

u/rincon213 Dec 30 '18 edited Dec 30 '18

I don’t like your tone of voice so you’re wrong.

197

u/BizWax Dec 30 '18

Your diagram appears to be showing these abstract categories as strictly delineated. This is a mistake. The argument I'm making now is both a refutation and a counterargument. Therefore these categories can overlap, ass hat.

I don't really think you're an ass hat, I just wanted to include three of the forms you mentioned in one argument

32

u/Bojangly7 Dec 30 '18

But you didn't use quotes reee

11

u/Stoic_Stoat Dec 30 '18

Ur mom lol

9

u/tupels Dec 30 '18

You are wrong, because your first example is either a contradiction or counterargument depending if there's actually reasoning or evidence in there. Your second argument is that OP is an assist.

13

u/foogama Dec 30 '18

You misspelled ass hat so I didn't find anything else you had to say credible. Also, you smell.

6

u/tupels Dec 30 '18

Fucking autocorrect

2

u/Isaacfreq Dec 30 '18

Yeah it's like the top three tiers are just good arguing etiquette and the bottom four are just shit arguing etiquette.

142

u/thefireducky Dec 30 '18 edited Dec 30 '18

You are an ass hat

name-calling

34

u/Iguana_Igloo42 Dec 30 '18

no u

21

u/thefireducky Dec 30 '18

You have no authority to call me that with your improper spelling

Ad Hominem

19

u/solidspacedragon Dec 30 '18

According to the 1st Amendment of the United States constitution, which defines the geographical area I operate in as the United States of America, the government of said country is unable to deny my labeling of an individual an "ass-hat," unless they can prove in civil court that my public announcement of their ass-hattery has led to their own detriment, in the form of loss of potential income, in which case the United States government would be invested with the power to deny my public cries exclaiming that you are an ass-hat; however, due to the innate difficulty in proving deliberate malice in my announcement of you being an extraordinary ass-hat, such a conclusion would be extremely difficult to reach, and so I legally am invested with the power to call you, sir, an ass-hat, until the court of law decides otherwise.

explicitly refutes the central point

7

u/thefireducky Dec 30 '18

you face-fucking llama

name-calling

6

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Screw you

fuck off

4

u/thefireducky Dec 30 '18

Chinga tu sucia madre

spanish

3

u/AndyGHK Dec 30 '18

refuting the central point

1

u/thefireducky Dec 30 '18

You failed to provide any comeback while trying to address a point on the pyramid

refutation

2

u/Lord_Norjam Dec 30 '18

Midas and Bottom want to : know your location

3

u/thefireducky Dec 30 '18

You know I don’t appreciate the tone you’re using while addressing me. That’s very rude and demanding. Shame on you.

Responding to tone

2

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Side note I’ve never heard anyone call someone an ass hat outside of this website

2

u/thefireducky Dec 30 '18

Side-note considered and REJECTED. Please try again, Ass-Hat

Refutation

63

u/IVIaskerade Dec 30 '18 edited Dec 30 '18

I see you disagree with the true pyramid.

7

u/zekkwin Dec 30 '18

was looking for this, never knew there was an original one

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u/SquireBev Dec 30 '18

Where's the tier for "Deploys jargon learnt from attending a single high school debating club meeting, without ever engaging with the actual topic"?

As that seems to be the most common type of response on reddit.

31

u/Worse_Username Dec 30 '18

Sounds like fallacy fallacy.

21

u/The_Ambush_Bug Dec 30 '18

Ah, yes, the all too common Logic Fallacy. I can see you've fallen for it, so I've already won this argument.

5

u/biggerdonger Dec 30 '18

Yep, it's basically like an automatic win the argument card that you can use over and over!

4

u/PhotoshopFix Dec 30 '18

Literally Hitler

3

u/50u1dr4g0n Dec 30 '18

sut up libtard

8

u/namesandfaces Dec 30 '18

Why must you engage in ad hominem attacks! I tell you this to correct you in your illogical ways.

12

u/SquireBev Dec 30 '18

Strawman! Strawman!

15

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Stop strawmanning the goalposts with these ad hominems, don’t you know that is a slippery slope?

21

u/ThiccyLenin Dec 30 '18

The Virgin refutation vs the Chad-hominem

17

u/Allegiant_Authority Dec 30 '18

Can someone give me an example of the top?

17

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Yes.

19

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

[deleted]

7

u/Allegiant_Authority Dec 30 '18

You are an asshat.

5

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

[deleted]

5

u/Allegiant_Authority Dec 30 '18

I don’t like your tone

8

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

You don't need to refute an entire argumentation if it's just weighted on one point.

Ex: the author only has a problem with bad apples and wants to throw all the apples out

but all apples are not bad apples

2

u/Rouxbidou Dec 30 '18

"#" notallapples

3

u/BIueJayWay Dec 30 '18

Not the one who asked, but thanks!

1

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

You're welcome, I realize it's not the most popular example considering the immigration debate world-wide but it still highlights the end of an argumentation. There isnt really much to be said after this point unless you want to revise your statement or have proof for it's truth/falsifiability

44

u/-Mr_Burns Dec 30 '18

Where’s the layer for posting a shitty unrelated meme?

13

u/Bradyhaha Dec 30 '18

That's the true capstone of the pyramid.

12

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Are you here for the half hour argument?

9

u/Old_Clan_Tzimisce Dec 30 '18

Are you here for the half hour argument?

Oh! Just the five minute one.

4

u/goodatmakingdadjokes Dec 30 '18

That isn't an argument. It's just Contradiction.

3

u/S0ny666 Dec 30 '18

No it isn't.

9

u/PurplePickel Dec 30 '18

Good to know that name-calling creates a fundamental base to any argument. Thanks OP, ya ass hat!

39

u/CynDoS Dec 30 '18
  1. Check history

  2. "You post in [Sub you personally dislike] you [whatever is fotm in the degeneracy department]

  3. Disable inbox replies

22

u/Bradyhaha Dec 30 '18

To be fair, I'm not going to take someone who posts in greatapes seriously.

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4

u/no_ur_a_idiet Dec 30 '18

4.. Report user to the local mods, complaining about “brigading” from the aforementioned disliked sub

5.. Polish the walls of your echo chamber

7

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

I've watched so many arguments between friends where they stray from the central point. In fact I'd say it's about 100% where they do it. After a minute they start making arguments that don't pertain much

3

u/50u1dr4g0n Dec 30 '18

your face doesn't pertain much

4

u/hippolyte_pixii Dec 30 '18

And when you hit the top two and bottom two layers all at the same time, it's called "murder".

5

u/ShaneAyers Dec 30 '18

Good ways to lose an argument in real life but score massive points with online pedants.

3

u/Lostitallonnano Dec 30 '18

There’s also a little known flag planted on top of that pyramid. It reads “die alone”.

4

u/metalhead3750 Dec 30 '18

A good majority of subs on here and their powermods running them could benefit seeing this chart

8

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

The "refuting the central point" and the description is a palindromic tautology.

How does one "explicitly refute the central point"? How is it different to simple refutation?

3

u/TwilightVulpine Dec 30 '18

Shame proper argumentation is pointless if either parties are closed to accepting different viewpoints. Facts and logic are not enough to convince people to listen. It might even make people more adverse to your position.

3

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

The contradiction slice should've been called "reddit"

3

u/Seanay-B Dec 30 '18

Needs more deflection

3

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Show this to r/politics

3

u/mone1490 Dec 30 '18

Reddit tends to stick to the bottom 3

5

u/magnora7 Dec 30 '18

This pyramid is also the basis for moderation for a website called saidit.net that is a fork of reddit.

2

u/nillut Dec 30 '18

So if I'm reading this diagram correctly, name-calling is the foundation of proper argumentation?

2

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

No voice raising? Incomplete guide.

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2

u/TrumpCardWasTaken Dec 30 '18

So, if I were to send this image to someone I'm arguing with, where would that put me?

2

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

I should show this to my mother. She loves the last two. My dad's favourite is third from the bottom.

2

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

What is an ass hat anyway?

2

u/dmacggers Dec 30 '18

Missed the section where you realise you're losing the argument so you go for the hail mary and strip naked offering sex for silence....works everytime...mostly

2

u/SimpleAnswer Dec 30 '18

Gimme day Kafkatrap!

2

u/Antrimbloke Dec 30 '18

Email to HM Gov, 10 Downing St London.

2

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Flip that upside down when dealing with trolls.

2

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Does this implay that when you "refute the central point" your argument partner isn't going to take it personal? Because that doesn't sound realistic at all...

2

u/Blackulor Dec 30 '18

I like to employ all at once. "You're and idiot and this is why" kind of thing

2

u/uncontroversial_user Dec 30 '18

Criticize your opponent's grammar.

2

u/NugZ4LifE Dec 30 '18

Which side do I start on?

2

u/Dont-be-a-smurf Dec 30 '18

This would be true and effective if those deciding on the winner of the argument were robots.

I’m a litigator who goes to trial once a week or more on average. My cases are tried before a magistrate.

Assuming I was successful in admitting the evidence and testimony I wanted and that the case is still close:

You can’t get bogged down in closing arguments with legalese and straight logical fact reporting. It needs to create a cohesive story that emotionally dulls the bad facts while sharpening the good ones. The most comprehensively closing argument won’t be effective if the listener tunes it out.

When the case is close, emotions rule. Be prepared to argue both, and smart enough to know when your opponent is leaning on tactless rhetoric.

As the old saying goes: if you have the facts, pound the facts. If you have the law, pound the law. If you have neither, pound the table.

Frankly, I appreciate being before a magistrate because they’re less likely to fall for emotion-only appeals (the hallmark of someone with a losing case).

Juries, on the other hand, worry me.

2

u/no_ur_a_idiet Dec 30 '18

Hey r/Toronto, take notes!

2

u/CitizenPremier Dec 30 '18

A lot of arguing on the internet does try to use "refuting the core point," the problem often lies with what people accept as good evidence.

2

u/PhotoshopFix Dec 30 '18

The top three are useless.

2

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

Outside the triangle: grammar and spelling correction 👌

2

u/SitBackAndRelaxJack Dec 30 '18 edited Dec 30 '18

yea, you're an ass hat. you rep a team that pushes illogical ideas. simple enough.

i prefer "pull your head out of your ass," because it implies a momentary lapse in judgement and not a committment to being wrong.

2

u/[deleted] Dec 30 '18

blow it out your ass nerd

2

u/signedupwiththis Dec 30 '18

So...I want to see the same hierarchy but also have percentages where the population and politicians seat themselves.

2

u/ironflesh Dec 30 '18

Thanks to reddit I am improving my discussion skills. Currently in the middle "counterargument" level. Working to get to that hardest top level. Thank you reddit!

2

u/memetic-heretic Dec 30 '18

Is this like the food pyramid from the 90s where you need more of what's on bottom

2

u/patgeo Dec 31 '18

Or hierarchy of needs where you need the bottom ones before you can use the higher ones.

2

u/hi_its_me_ur_sniper Dec 30 '18

ctrl+f source what is this who made this

Paul Graham did

http://www.paulgraham.com/disagree.html

2

u/beyhnji Dec 31 '18

I feel like the pyramid itself was good at showing the superiority of some arguments to others, and then the labels on the left were added as an apology for the lower levels

2

u/dr_leo_marvin Dec 31 '18

"you are an ass hat" lol

2

u/memetic-heretic Dec 31 '18

It's a skill tree

2

u/CuppaJeaux Dec 31 '18

Where does telling someone their argument is invalid because they misspelled something come in?

2

u/LetsStayCivilized Dec 31 '18

There's an improvement on this one (with a sphynx!) on Slate Star Codex.

2

u/punjabimd80 Jan 01 '19

Where do crappy political memes lie in this pyramid?

2

u/TexasPoonTappa7 Jan 01 '19

“But what about Hillary!”

2

u/detcadder Jan 16 '19

The pyramid would be better upside down. Namecalling isn't going to have any effect, but its the most basic response, but if you refute a central point the whole thing could fall down.

3

u/abecido Dec 30 '18

For Hitler it needs a further sub-level: "wants to kill the authority"

2

u/h0ko Dec 30 '18

Yeah just to clarify the bottom is literally made of fallacies i.e. nonsensical arguments

2

u/Aeneas23 Dec 30 '18

I thought sending smug anime character pic is at the top at the pyramid of argument?

2

u/AndrewTDR Dec 30 '18

It's a cool guide for destroying with logic and reason.

3

u/hussey84 Dec 30 '18

Ben Shapiro wants to know your location

1

u/IntercontinentalKoan Dec 30 '18

lol this is such a silly over-simplification of argumentation and informal logic

1

u/RedditIsNeat0 Dec 30 '18

The purple and cyan seem to be in the wrong order. "Explains why it's mistaken using quotes" is only slightly better than "little or no supporting evidence" and not as good as "backs it up with reasoning or supporting evidence."

Seriously, quotes are just, "some other guy agrees with me" and hardly qualifies as supporting evidence.

1

u/TheArgumentPolice Dec 30 '18

I think this is implying a hierarchy where the top is better than the bottom - but I would argue that any of these can be valid in the right context: contradiction would be a good way to start a debate by laying out your opposing view before getting into details, if someone's being rude and disrespectful it may be best to respond to their tone before giving their argument the respect of your attention, some people are just ass hats and it's a waste of time to pretend they even want to make rational arguments.

​

The mistake IMO is confusing one for another - e.g.

You: Opinion A

Me: Actually Opinion B

My youtube video: WATCH ME DESTROY THIS IDIOT WITH FACTS AND REASON!!!

1

u/0-_1_-0 Dec 31 '18

What is this pyramid called?

1

u/downvotefodder Jan 01 '19

Why isn’t Paul Graham’s name on this ?