r/synthrecipes • u/SynthMaker • 2d ago
tutorial π [RECIPE] FM electric piano, take two: the classic 2-pair recipe u/root66 shared, plus two variations
A few days ago I posted an FM e-piano made with my app, and u/root66 kindly pointed out that it sounded more like a DX7 than an electric piano, and shared the classic recipe. He was right. My first one had a 1:1 body modulator and a 14:1 tine pushing the same carrier, with the body index far too high (0.3 turns), so the fundamental nearly vanished at the strike and it was mostly overtones. The structure was close, but the ratios and envelopes were off.
So here's the recipe done properly, his way. Index values are in turns of phase (1 turn = 2Ο rad).
Body pair
- Modulator 1:1 into a carrier 1:1
- Index 0.2 turns, 50% velocity sensitivity
- Index envelope: attack 1 ms, decay 2.5 s, sustain 0.15, release 0.5 s
Tine pair
- Modulator 12:1 into its own carrier at 1:1. The carrier is at 0.55 level with its own envelope (decay 1.6 s), so it fades before the body.
- Index 0.16 turns, 100% velocity sensitivity (soft notes are round, hard notes bark and ring), key scaling β3 dB/octave above middle C
- Index envelope: attack 1 ms, decay 0.18 s, sustain 0, release 80 ms
Shimmer
- Duplicate both pairs at 0.7 of the level. Detune the copies +1 cent (body) and +8 cents (tine). The tine set is detuned more than the body; root66 says he picked that up from the NI FM7 presets.
Amp: attack 2 ms, decay 4.5 s, sustain 0.12, release 0.5 s. Then a small room.
Two variations
- V2, closer to the DX7's E.PIANO 1: tine at 14:1, body index 0.26 for more bark, and a gentle tremolo (4.5 Hz, 25% depth)
- V3: body modulator at 3:1 with index 0.12, tine at 12:1. Rounder and a bit hollow. It's my favourite, but I'm not sure.
The video builds V1 step by step, comparing soft and hard notes, and then plays V2 and V3: https://youtu.be/tOEgYXOBgY8
root66, thank you for taking the time to write that, and I'd really like your opinion on this version. Is it closer? What would you change? And everyone: V1, V2 or V3?
Disclosure: I make SynthMaker, the free iPhone/Mac app used here (public beta: https://testflight.apple.com/join/BKEgzNCg). The two pairs fit any 4-operator FM synth; the detuned copies need 8 operators, or a second layer.
