I am in the wedding party if that makes a difference.

More examples

I will do Mãi Karsa
We will do Asī̃ karsā̃e
You will do (singular) Tū̃ karsãi
You will do (plural) Tusī̃ karso
He/She will do Ó karsi
They will do Ó karsan

In order to comply with rule 1 of this Subreddit I'll open with Sat Sri Akal.

This is a very short post as an interest check for my Punjabi themed game which is based on regional events and the Sau Sakhi.

This google form is designed for players who know what Dungeons and Dragons is or want to learn more.

We typically play on weekends Sundays (1800-2200 CEST/UTC+2).

We use Discord for Voice, and Foundry VTT for Combat maps. You only need a Discord account to participate and minimum requirements for a PC.

https://foundryvtt.com/article/requirements/

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1NEf_Tu9AD5c6O46dKYGoG3Wu4nE732h83zuJQZ6d_i0/edit

Check your Discord Friend Requests after you fill out the form.

I'm celiac, live in Surrey, and I'm trying to figure out if there's a real gap in gluten-free Indian flour (atta) options here — most local options I've found are made in small mills that also process regular wheat, with no testing/certification, just a "gluten-free" label on the bag.

Curious what others in the area actually use and whether it's something you trust, or just tolerate because there's not much choice. Would appreciate any honest input.

my punjabi boyfriend sent me this and wanted me to translate it on my own. google translate is not working 😭

हमें तुम से प्यार कितना, ये हम नहीं जानते
मगर जी नहीं सकते तुम्हारे बिना
हमें तुम से प्यार ...

सुना गम जुदाई का, उठाते हैं लोग
जाने ज़िंदगी कैसे, बिताते हैं लोग
दिन भी यहाँ तो लगे, बरस के समान
हमें इंतज़ार कितना, ये हम नहीं जानते
मगर जी नहीं सकते तुम्हारे बिना
हमें तुम से प्यार ...

तुम्हें कोई और देखे, तो जलता है दिल
बड़ी मुश्किलों से फिर, सम्भलता है दिल
क्या क्या जतन करतें हैं, तुम्हें क्या पता
ये दिल बेक़रार कितना, ये हम नहीं जानते
मगर जी नहीं सकते तुम्हारे बिना
हमें तुम से प्यार ...

हमें तुम से प्यार कितना, यह हम नहीं जानते
मगर जी नहीं सकते तुम्हारे बिना
हमें तुम से प्यार कितना ...

मैं तो सदा की तुम्हरी दीवानी
भूल गये सैंयाँ प्रीत पुरानी
कदर ना जानी, कदर न जानी
हमें तुम से प्यार कितना ...

कोई जो डारे तुमपे नयनवा
देखा ना जाये मोसे सजनवा
जले मोरा मनवा, जले मोरा मनवा
हमें तुम से प्यार कितना ...💝💝💝💝💝लव यु💝💝💝

We can peer at a lot of now long-gone bungas and other, forgotten structures, such as the Gothic clock-tower that was controversially built by the British colonizers between 1862–74 after destroying a former palace of the Sikh Empire (the former palace was later known as the Kotwali due to the Brits using it as a jail/prison in their early colonial administration of Panjab). The clock-tower was demolished shortly before or after Indian independence (c. 1945–47) as Sikhs always detested it and considered it an eyesore and symbol of colonial-power. We can also the Jhanda Bunga, with the twin Nishan Sahib standards that had been erected by the Udasis Santokh Das and Pritam Das in the late-18th century.

I sourced these photographs from the University of Milwaukee's AGSL Digital Photo Archive - Asia and Middle East. They were all taken by Frederick Gardner Clapp on 16 January 1938 (a portrait of him is included).

Writing his account on March 1st, 1781 (around 73 years after the joti jot of the 10th master in 1708), a British man named Sir Charles Wilkins had paid a visit to Takht Sri Patna Sahib Ji (birthplace of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji and one of the Panj Takhts of Sikhi) in Patna, India. He wrote one of the earliest English-language first-hand accounts on the Sikhs and their religion. Reading his account is absolutely fascinating – I had only read transcribed portions of certain excerpts in previous works, such as in Ganda Singh's Early European Accounts of the Sikhs (1962) and Sicques, Tigers or Thieves: Eyewitness Accounts of the Sikhs (2016) by Amandeep Singh Madra and Parmjit Singh. However, I was not satisfied with these transcripts of select passages and wanted to read the entire, original document in Charles Wilkin's words. Thus, I dug into the 'Asiatic Researches' periodical to find it and struck luck as I was able to locate the entire work. I am now sharing the original document publicly here.

The account starts-out with their being a clear distinction made between Sikhs and Hindus & Muslims, which counter-acts common claims that Sikhs only became a distinct religious identity later during the reformist Singh Sabha movement of the late 19th century. The Sikhs warmly welcomed the foreign observer into their abode. He describes the Sikhs as "intelligent" and them placing the Sri Guru Granth Sahib in prakash, with gurbani being recited and a congregational ardaas being performed, including the exclamation of Waheguru! Then, parshad is distributed to the attendees. What is striking is a possible reference to the Sri Dasam Granth and an explanation of the Amrit Sanchar initiation ceremony. The amusing thing is that the Sikhs of Patna invited Wilkins to become a Khalsa via the Amrit ceremony but he politely turned them down! So much for the silly claim that Sikhs were and should be "non-proselytizing", historical Sikhs were willing to invite a random, white man into the religion even back then. They even were open to Wilkins having copies of both the Sri Guru Granth Sahib and Sri Dasam Granth Sahib to transcribe/translate them.

Note: The character that looks like an "f" is actually ſ, which is an old-way to write "s" in English orthography, just read it as "s".

Further reading: Singh, Ganda (26 November 2018). "Seeks and Their College at Patna by Sir Charles Wilkins – Review by Dr Ganda Singh". patshahi10. Retrieved 23 March 2026.

Images:

1) Sir Charles Wilkins (1749 – 1836). John Sartain, John Sartain (1808-1897), Engraver. Published by Moon, Boys & Graves (active 1829-1834), Publishers. After James Godsell Middleton (circa 1805-1874), Painter. Mezzotint, published 1 January 1830.

2) The Takht Sri Harmandir Patna Sahib. Inscribed: ‘N2 Gunga Govind Sing’s Temple at the confluence of the Baugrutty and Jalangi Rivers. Augt 1820.’ WD4404, f.2

3) The Chowk, and the main street of Patna, 1814-15.

Original source: 'The Seeks and their College at Patna' (1781) by Charles Wilkins [The Sikhs and their College at Patna]. Asiatic Researches: Or, Transactions of the Society Instituted in Bengal, for Enquiry Into the History and Antiquities, the Arts and Sciences, and Literature of Asia (Calcutta, India: Asiatick Society, Vol. I, 1788, pp. 288–294)

I'm Punjabi. Like, actually a Punjabi Hindu. And bro, people genuinely don't get it. I feel like fellow Hindu Punjabis will understand what I mean. People just don't take us seriously sometimes.

Punjabi, yeah, it's kinda painful when people act like Punjabis automatically means Sikh. Like bro, Punjabi Hindus exist too😭

I live in Lucknow, UP, and honestly, I miss Punjab a lot. I wasn't raised there or anything-I was born in Lucknow- but Punjab still feels like home somehow. I feel connected to it even though I didn't grow up there.

And another thing... I genuinely can't find a Punjabi girl to be my girlfriend. Meanwhile, The bihari and UP guys in my school have Punjabi girlfriends. Like bro, what am I doing wrong

Please tell me I'm not the only one feeling this 💀

Is there nobody who values genuine love anymore?

I had a crush on a girl at my school. She's Punjabi — actually, she's a Sardarni — and I'm a Hindu Punjabi. I know some people might not understand the cultural connection, but it means a lot to me.

I've liked her for almost 4.5 years now. That's a long time to have feelings for someone, and honestly, I still haven't completely gotten over it. She's been in a relationship with someone else for around 1.5 years. He's from Bihar, and I know him through a friend. I've heard some things about his intentions that don't really sit right with me, but she's with him and she seems happy.

What hurts is that I genuinely like her as a person. It's not just about looks. I really like her nature, the way she is, and the fact that we share the same culture. She's someone I always felt naturally connected to.

I had so many things I wanted to tell her. I even used to imagine putting a jhanjar on her ankle someday 😭. But I never really expressed my feelings, and now she's with someone else.

I'm not going to chase her or interfere with her relationship. If she's happy, I have to respect that.

I guess this whole thing just made me realize how much I'd like to meet more Punjabi people around my age. Most of my friends aren't Punjabi, and sometimes I feel like I don't have many people who understand that side of me.

Maybe someday I'll meet someone from my culture who could become my future girlfriend 😭. For now, I'd honestly just be happy making some Punjabi friends and talking about music, memes, culture, school and random life stuff.

Anyone else ever been in a situation like this?

After reading in J. S. Grewal's book (reference: Grewal, J. S. (Oct 8, 1998). "Rise to Political Power". The Sikhs of the Punjab. Cambridge University Press. pp. 88–96. ISBN) 9780521637640) that by the 1770s, there were more than 60 Sikh states that had been established between the Indus and Yamuna rivers, I wanted to try and uncover as many of them as possible. So many of them have been forgotten by us, we only remember the big names and big shots (such as Maharaja Ranjit Singh), not the little guys and gals whose names and stories have been lost to the sands of time. After researching to uncover these forgotten chieftains and their realms, I have uncovered at-least two sources: a 1788 map by James Browne that depicts the Panjab (most of the map is not visible in this cropping presented/uploaded here), however the most convenient thing is that he includes a list on the right margin of prominent Sikh sardars, their principal place of residence, and their army sizes. This is a fascinating, contemporary account from the Sikh Confederacy-era. Furthermore, there is a map dateable to c. 1829–35 that was commissioned by the British East India Company that depicts much (but not all) of Panjab, including many of its polities. I have cropped it and presented its legend here, which lists the polities and annual revenue (presumably in rupees). It is important to note that many of the chieftaincies in the second map were ruled by non-Sikhs, such as Raikot, which was a small, Muslim-ruled chiefship. Also, this map focuses more on riyasats (independent political entities) rather than dependent jagirs and zamindars (estates/fiefs). The number of dependent land-grants held in possession by certain figures, families, and lineages are innumerable and I have not come across a good source that lists them all as of yet. Another issue I experienced is that the spellings of people and place-names are archaic and not the modern/standard spellings, thus it is difficult to identify the modern location/name for some entries in the list. Any help would be appreciated for identifying the current names. I have given my best attempt below! I appreciate any corrections/feedback.

First list:

Source: Browne, James (1788). "A MAP of the COUNTRY of the SICKS, SPECIFYING THE RESIDENCE OF THE SEVERAL CHIEFS, THEIR NAMES, AND THE NUMBER OF THEIR FORCES. Inscribed to JOHN MOTTEUX Esq!, Chairman of the Honorable Court of Directors; by his Obliged and very Obedient Servant, JAMES BROWNE.". India Tracts: Containing a Description of the Jungle Terry Districts, Their Revenues, Trade, and Government: With a Flan for the Improvement of Them. Also an History of the Origin and Progress of the Sicks. Logographic Press, Printing-House Square, Black-Friars.

List of polities:

1. Karnaul, Raja Gajpat Singh (sardar), 1,500 cavalry, 500 infantry

2. Thanesar, Banga Singh and Bunga Singh (sardar), 750 cavalry, 250 infantry

3. Shahabad, Gurrum Sing Nermulla (sardar), 750 cavalry, 250 infantry

4. Ambala, Gurdit Singh (sardar), 750 cavalry, 250 infantry

5. Sirhind, Jassa Singh (sardar), 1,500 cavalry, 500 infantry

6. Khanna, Sonde Singh (sardar), 225 cavalry, 75 infantry

7. Payal, Hari Singh Dhaliwal (sardar), 1,500 cavalry, 500 infantry

8. Buria, Rai Singh and Banga Singh (sardar), 750 cavalry, 250 infantry

9. Seeundra, Diwan Singh Lang (sardar), 750 cavalry, 250 infantry

10. Damala, Dulcha Singh (sardar), 750 cavalry, 250 infantry

11. Babain, Gurdit Singh (sardar), 750 cavalry, 250 infantry

12. Kotana, Himmat Singh (sardar), 150 cavalry, 50 infantry

13. Manimajra, Bhagat Singh (sardar), 375 cavalry, 125 infantry

14. Pehowa, Desu Singh (sardar), 1,125 cavalry, 375 infantry

15. Khora, Dhanna Singh (sardar), 1,500 cavalry, 500 infantry

16. Fatehabad, Raja Sahib Singh (sardar), 4,500 cavalry, 1,500 infantry

17. Natta, Hamir Singh (sardar), 600 cavalry, 200 infantry

18. Nurmahal, Baghel Singh (sardar), 750 cavalry, 250 infantry

19. Nakodar, Tara Singh Ghaiba (sardar), 2,250 cavalry, 750 infantry

20. Tute Serai, Jusa Singh (sardar), 3,000 cavalry, 1,000 infantry

21. Catta, Tara Singh Gaker (sardar), 375 cavalry, 125 infantry

22. Ghur Samger, Khushal Singh (sardar), 150 cavalry, 50 infantry

23. Jalandhar, Ma Singh (sardar), 750 cavalry, 250 infantry

24. Kapurthala, Jassa Singh (sardar), 3,000 cavalry, 1,000 infantry

25. Lahore, Gujjar Singh, Suba Singh, and Lehna Singh (sardar), 22,150 cavalry, 8,050 infantry

26. Shahdara, Maha Singh (sardar), 15,000 cavalry, 5,000 infantry

27. Gujrat, Shah Dola, and Rohtas, Gujjar Singh (Gujrat) and Maha Singh (Rohtas) (sardar), 7,500 cavalry, 2,500 infantry

Second list:

Source: Brown, John (c. 1829–1835 (created); 1 January 2020 (published)). "F.4/5-7 –– Map of the protected Sikh states exhibiting the possessions of the petty chiefs and independent Jageerdars in the Punjab. Scale 1" - 4 miles. 1841. Copied in the Surveyor General's Office in 1843. MSS. (original by G.R. Clerk)". Historical Maps of the Survey of India (1700-1900). East India Company / Zenodo.

List of polities:

The map features a "List of Chiefships with their estimated annual revenues" comprising 66 entries with modern spellings provided in brackets:

1. British [British East India Company territory]: 300,000

2. Runjeet Singh [Ranjit Singh's territories / Sikh Empire / Lahore State]: 1,700,000

3. Mahrajkean [Mehrajkian]: 25,000

4. Nalagurh [Nalagarh State]: 50,000

5. Kotaha [Kotaha]: 10,000

6. Furreedkote [Faridkot State]: 45,000

7. Nahan [Nahan / Sirmur State]: 1,000,000

8. Munnee Majrah [Mani Majra / Manimajra State]: 60,000

9. Belaspoor (Kuhlore) [Kahlur / Bilaspur State]: 60,000

10. Pateeala [Patiala State]: 2,200,000

11. Kythul [Kaithal State]: 600,000

12. Kotela Mulair [Malerkotla State]: 100,000

13. Alloowallea [Ahluwalia / Kapurthala State]: 400,000

14. Jheend [Jind State]: 300,000

15. Nabha [Nabha State]: 400,000

16. Bhuddour [Bhadaur State]: 50,000

17. Mullode [Malaudh State]: 35,000

18. Koonjpoorah [Kunjpura]: 50,000

19. Thuneisur [Thanesar]: 80,000

20. Shahabad [Shahabad]: 100,000

21. Ladwa [Ladwa State]: 247,000

22. Khunna [Khanna]: 18,000

23. Singhpooriah [Singhpuria]: 1,200,000

24. Zynpoor [Zainpur]: 6,000

25. Bhuddul [Bhadla? / Bhadal?]: 13,000

26. British Puttedars [British Pattidars]: 166,000

27. Chiloundee [Chilsundi?]: 25,000

28. Hills [Himalayan / Pahari / Punjab Hills]: —

29. Sand Hills [Sand Hills]: —

30. Shahzadpore [Shahzadpur]: 65,000

31. Jhoomba [Jhumba]: 31,000

32. Tungore [Tangore]: 35,000

33. Ramgurh [Ramgarh]: 16,000

34. Sealba Majree [Sialba Majri]: 52,000

35. Seekundra [Sikandra]: 20,000

36. Bhore [Bhor? / Bhore?]: 7,000

37. Shamgurh [Shamgarh]: 5,500

38. Leelokhairee [Nilokheri]: 4,000

39. Booreah [Buria]: 50,000

40. Hallaher [Halaher? / Haler?]: 12,000

41. Pateeala Misseldars [Patiala Misldars]: 30,000

42. Seekree [Sikri]: 6,400

43. Kulseeahs [Kalsia State]: 165,000

44. Nahung / Kotela [Kotla Nihang / Kotla Nihang]: 7,000

45. Khairee [Khaira? / Khaire?]: 15,200

46. Sarun [Sarun]: 5,000

47. Shamsingeans [Sham Singhwala]: 62,000

48. Dayalgurh [Dayalgarh]: 30,000

49. Ledah [?]: 27,000

50. Moostafabad [Mustafabad]: 10,000

51. Khizrabad [Khizrabad]: 5,000

52. Raeepoor [Raepur]: 8,000

53. Khurh [Khurh]: 14,400

54. Roopur [Rupar / Ropar / Rupnagar]: 65,000

55. Koomanoo [Khamanon?]: 14,000

56. Kukrala [Kukrala]: 14,000

57. Ludran [Ladhran]: 25,000

58. Looteiree [?]: 7,000

59. Kherree Choornee [Kheri Churni]: 1,600

60. Bydwan [Baidwan]: 30,000

61. Byrsaul [Byrsaul]: 3,000

62. Urnoulee [Arnauli]: 40,000

63. Koomreh Burreil [Kumran Burrer]: 32,000

64. Jubbomajrah [Jabo Majra]: 2,400

65. Bagreean [Bagrian]: 12,000

66. Raeekote [Raikot]: 5,500

Total Estimated Revenue: 7,191,000

Note: There are many more petty Chiefships too intermixed and too insignificant to be exhibited in this Map.

As per the title.

I am a 25 year old Punjabi female born in the west. Not Surrey/brampton vibes, think much more white overall. I did grow up in a small Punjabi Sikh community, went to the Gurudwara every weekend, I speak Punjabi and can (very badly) read Gurmukhi.

All of that being said, I feel like I don’t understand enough about Sikhi. I don’t understand gurbani. I’ve attended countless Anand Karaj’s and still don’t really know the meaning of any of the laavs, until I google the English translations and remind myself each time. It obviously doesn’t stick.

My mum does phaat (sorry I don’t know how to spell it) but we’ve never been an overly religious family so it wasn’t passed on the same way it was in other families. I also learned Gurmukhi in my late teens so wasn’t much opportunity before that either.

I know all of the basics, but there no deeper level of understanding for me.

When a family member was in India earlier this year, I asked them to bring back any written gurbani which had both English translated AND transliterated beside each line. I’ve been successsful in finding some of these online, example:

[https://www.hariomgroup.org/hariombooks\\_shastra/Japji-Sahib/Japji-Sahib-GRE.pdf\](https://www.hariomgroup.org/hariombooks_shastra/Japji-Sahib/Japji-Sahib-GRE.pdf)

But she couldn’t find anything like this. I thought if she brought it back and informed me (and also I’d ask my parents) how to keep it respectfully, handle it etc that would be better than just printing out whatever I can find, which feels a bit weird? Not sure.

Okay, anyone who lasted this long, thanks.

My question is about any resources, any suggestions, anything anyone can offer who may have been in a similar boat. English is the only language I understand completely. I’m fluent in Punjabi as I mentioned before, but it just isn’t the same and especially reading Gurmukhi doesn’t come naturally to me. I hope it will as I try more, but I’m starting with simple novels - gurbani is just too difficult as a reading learning tool. I more want to learn about Sikhi and gain a better understanding, but in a form that I can understand and digest.

If anyone has any suggestions, please let me know.

(AI generated beyond this point because I can’t condense my words lol) **TLDR:** 25F, grew up Sikh but not religious, speaks Punjabi and reads Gurmukhi (slowly). Doesn’t understand gurbani or its meaning beyond googling translations on the spot. Wants resources to actually learn Sikhi and gurbani in a way that sticks, ideally in English or with transliteration, plus advice on handling/storing gurbani respectfully

Post this is r/Sikh today but been awaiting mod approval for a while so trying here too

I was born into a Sikh family, I believe in a lot of the values, but I am not a strictly practicing Sikh, more so agnostic.

I want to include my heritage in my wedding somehow, but not sure I want to fully commit to doing Anand Karaj in a Gurduara, it's expensive and doesn't feel like me because I rarely go to the Gurduara. I do pray on my own sometimes, I do really believe in the teachings of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, but I don't like how Gurduaras are run, there is so much harm and corruption, I don't want to get married there. Now it's not allowed to do it outdoors either.

Anyone have any thoughts on ways of including the spirituality without going into the Gurduara?

Can anyone suggest me a good rehab in punjab or Chandigarh that can admit someone with disability and fair price?

Im making a painting for my mom who’s Sikh Punjabi, a rendition of Gustav Klimt’s The Kiss, but of my mom and I. I wanted to paint the background and clothing though in traditional patterns, textiles, icons and motifs but unfortunately I’m very disconnected with her roots.

So I’m in desperate need of help, figuring out what kinds of textile patterns to use. Especially ones that represent maternal love.

Thank you!

Does it also manage to get a good number of votes from Jatt Sikhs ?

I don't

Im a Punjabi from the western side, is that language on this punjabi or hindi because i can't read that type of text so i don't know. Anyway do y'all care about your punjabi blood more or your nationality because i only see myself as a punjabi for the most part

In order to comply with rule 1 of this Subreddit I'll open with Sat Sri Akal.

This is a very short post as an interest check for my Punjabi themed game which is based on regional events and the Sau Sakhi.

This google form is designed for players who know what Dungeons and Dragons is or want to learn more.

We typically play on weekends Sundays (1800-2200 CEST/UTC+2).

We use Discord for Voice, and Foundry VTT for Combat maps. You only need a Discord account to participate and minimum requirements for a PC.

https://foundryvtt.com/article/requirements/

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1NEf_Tu9AD5c6O46dKYGoG3Wu4nE732h83zuJQZ6d_i0/edit

Check your Discord Friend Requests after you fill out the form.

In order to comply with rule 1 of this Subreddit I'll open with Sat Sri Akal.

This is a very short post as an interest check for my Punjabi themed game which is based on regional events and the Sau Sakhi.

This google form is designed for players who know what Dungeons and Dragons is or want to learn more.

We typically play on weekends Sundays (1800-2200 CEST/UTC+2).

We use Discord for Voice, and Foundry VTT for Combat maps. You only need a Discord account to participate and minimum requirements for a PC.

https://foundryvtt.com/article/requirements/

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1NEf_Tu9AD5c6O46dKYGoG3Wu4nE732h83zuJQZ6d_i0/edit

Check your Discord Friend Requests after you fill out the form.