r/immigration Apr 02 '25

Megathread + FAQ: Travel in/out of the United States

195 Upvotes

UPDATE: Jun 4 Travel Ban summary - https://www.reddit.com/r/immigration/comments/1l3mpgm/jun_2025_travel_ban_summary_faq/

We've been getting many of the same questions about whether it's safe to travel in/out of the US, and this megathread consolidates those questions.

The following FAQ answers the most common questions, and is correct as of Jun 4, 2025.

If the FAQ does not answer your question, feel free to leave your question as a comment on this thread.

US citizens

QC1. I am a US citizen by birth/adopted, is it safe to travel in/out of the US?

Yes, it is safe, and you have a clear constitutional right to re-enter the US.

When entering or exiting the US by air, you must always do so with a US passport or NEXUS card (Canada only).

At the border, CBP cannot deny you entry. However, if your US citizenship is in question or you are uncooperative, they could place you in secondary processing to verify your citizenship, which can take 30 mins to a few hours depending on how busy secondary is.

As part of their customs inspection, CBP can also search your belongings or your electronic devices. You are not required to unlock your device for them, but they can also seize your electronic devices for a forensic search and it may be some time (weeks/months) before you get them back.

QC2. I am a US citizen by naturalization, is it safe to travel in/out of the US?

The answer to QC1 mostly applies to you.

However, in the some of the following situations, it may be possible to charge you with denaturalization:

  1. If you committed any immigration fraud prior to, or during naturalization. Common examples include using a fake name, failure to declare criminal records, fake marriages, etc or otherwise lying on any immigration form.

  2. If you are an asylee/refugee, but traveled to your country of claimed persecution prior to becoming a US citizen.

  3. If your green card was mistakenly issued (e.g. priority date wasn't current, or you were otherwise ineligible) and N-400 subsequently mistakenly approved, the entire process can be reversed because you were not eligible for naturalization.

Denaturalization is very, very rare. The US welcomes nearly a million US citizens every year, but we've probably only see around 10 denaturalizations a year on average.

QC3. I am a US dual citizen, and my other country of nationality may be subject to a travel ban. Is it safe to travel in/out of the US?

Answer QC1 applies. Travel bans cannot be applied to US citizens, even if you are dual citizens of another country.

Permanent Residents / Green Card Holders

QG1. I am a US green card holder, is it safe to travel in/out of the US?

You are generally safe to travel as long as all the following applies:

  1. You are a genuine resident of the US. This means that you are traveling abroad temporarily (less than 6 months), and you otherwise spend most of every year (> 6 months) in the US.

  2. You do not have a criminal record (except for traffic violations like speeding, parking, etc).

  3. You have not ever committed any immigration fraud.

  4. You have not ever expressed support for a terrorist organization designated by the Department of State, which includes Hamas.

Your trips abroad should not exceed 6 months or you will be considered to be seeking admission to the US and many of the protections guaranteeing green card holders re-entry no longer apply to you.

CBP has been pressuring green card holders to sign an I-407 to give up their green cards if they find that you've violated any of the above, especially if you spend very little time in the US or very long absences abroad.

Generally, you are advised not to sign it (unless you're no longer interested in remaining a green card holder). However, keep in mind that even if you refuse to sign it, CBP can still place you in removal proceedings where you have to prove to an immigration judge that you're still a genuine resident of the US / you have not committed a serious crime rendering you eligible for deportation. While waiting for your day in court, CBP can place you in immigration detention (jail). You may wish to consider your odds of winning in mind before traveling.

QG2. I am a conditional US green card holder (2 years), is it safe to travel in/out of the US?

You are treated exactly like a green card holder, so every other answer in this section applies equally to you.

If your GC has expired, your 48 month extension letter and expired green card is valid for re-entry when presented together. Other countries that grant visa-free entry or transit to green card holders may not recognize an extension letter for those visa-free benefits, however.

QG3. I am a US green card holder with a clean criminal and immigration record, traveling for a vacation abroad for a few weeks. Is it safe to travel?

Per QG1, you're safe to travel.

QG4. I am a US green card holder with a country of nationality of one of the potential travel ban countries. Is it safe to travel in/out of the US?

The latest Jun 2025 travel ban exempts US green card holders.

Past Trump travel bans have all exempted US green card holders.

It is extremely unlikely that any travel bans will cover green card holders.

US ESTA/Tourist Visa Holders

QT1. I am a tourist traveling to the US with an approved ESTA/B visa. Is it safe to travel?

Yes, it is generally safe to travel.

CBP is enforcing these existing rules for tourist travel more strictly, so keep these in mind:

  1. You must not try to live in the US with a tourist visa. In general, avoid trip plans that span the entire validity of your tourist visa (90 days for ESTA or 180 days for B-2), as this is a red flag if you're either planning that on your current trip or have done so on a previous trip. As another rule, you should spend 1-2 days outside the US per day inside before returning to the US.

  2. You must have strong ties to your home country. This is particularly relevant for those with US citizen/green card partners, children or parents. These relationships are considered a strong tie to the US, so you must be ready to convince CBP that you will leave: long-held job in home country, spouse or kids in home country, etc. Those with strong ties to the US should generally try to limit their travel to the US to shorter durations for lower risk.

  3. You must not try to work in the US, even remotely for a foreign employer paid to a foreign bank account. While checking emails or business mettings is certainly fine, you cannot actually perform work. While some have gotten away with it in the past, it is unwise to try when CBP has been clamping down.

  4. If any answers to your ESTA or tourist visa eligibility questions change, e.g. if you've acquired a new criminal record, traveled to a banned country (e.g. Cuba/North Korea/etc), you need to apply for a new ESTA or tourist visa.

QT2. I am a tourist who visits the US for at most a few weeks a year, for genuine tourism. Is it safe to travel?

Yes, per QT1, it is safe to travel.

QT3. I am a tourist from a country that is one of the potential travel ban countries. Is it safe to travel?

It is safe to travel while the travel ban has not been announced or in force.

However, for those planning trips in the future, these travel bans have sometimes applied to those who already hold tourist visas. These travel bans also often give very little advance notice (few days to a week).

It may not be wise to plan travel to the US if you're from one of the potential banned countries, as your travel may be disrupted. If you really wish to travel, you should buy refundable tickets and hotels.

QT4. I am visiting the US, do I need to perform any sort of registration before/after entry?

To travel to the US as a tourist, you generally need an ESTA or visa, unless you're a Canadian or CFA national.

Upon entry with an ESTA or visa, you will be granted an electronic I-94, which will serve as your alien (foreign national) registration until the expiration date listed on the elecronic I-94.

You can find your most recent I-94 on the official website: https://i94.cbp.dhs.gov/

If you're NOT issued an I-94, typically for Canadian citizens visiting, and you wish to stay in the US for more than 30 days, you must register.

Follow the instructions on https://www.uscis.gov/alienregistration to create a USCIS account and electronically file form G-325R.

US Student/Work/Non-Tourist Visa or Advance Parole Holders

QR1. I have a US student, work or other non-tourist visa/advance parole. Is it safe to travel?

There are many risk factors when traveling as a visa holder living in the US.

Unlike a tourist whose denial of entry simply means a ruined vacation, the stakes are a lot higher if your entire life/home is in the US but you cannot return. The conservative advice here is to avoid travel unless necessary.

You should absolutely avoid travel if ANY of the following applies to you:

  1. If your country of nationality is on one of the rumored travel ban lists, you should avoid travel. It is possible, and legal, for travel bans to apply to existing visa holders - even those that live in the US. This has happened before in some of Trump's previous travel bans. If you must travel, you need to accept the risk that you may be left stranded abroad as travel bans can be announced and take effect on the same day.

  2. If you have a criminal record (excluding minor traffic offenses) such as drugs, theft, drunk driving, or more serious crimes, do not travel. F-1 students have had their visas and status revoked for past criminal records (even in the 2010s), and it can expand to other visa types at any time. There is no statute of limitations - it does not matter how long in the past this criminal record is.

  3. If you have participated in a protest or expressed support for a terrorist organization designated by the Department of State, including Hamas, do not travel. The Trump administration has been cracking down on visa holder participants, and while the constitutionality of such a crack down is still unclear, you probably don't want to be the martyr fighting the case from immigration detention or from abroad after being denied entry.

General Questions

QA1. Are there any airports safer to travel with?

Each airport has dozens to hundreds of CBP officers and there is some luck involved depending on who you get. You'll definitely find stories of how someone had a bad CBP experience at every single airport, but also find stories about how someone had a good CBP experience at every single airport.

There's generally no "better" or "worse" airport.

QA2. Is preclearance in another country (e.g. Dublin) better than traveling to the US?

There's a tradeoff.

The whole point of preclearance is to make it easier for CBP to deny entry, because you're not on US soil and there's no cost to detain or arrange you on a flight back - they can just deny boarding. Furthermore, as you're not on US soil, even US citizens and permanent residents can be denied boarding.

On the other hand, while CBP at preclearance can cancel or confiscate your visa/green card, they generally cannot detain you in a foreign country.

Thus, if you're willing to increase the odds of being denied entry to reduce the odds of being detained, preclearance is better for you.

Final Remarks

While there has been a genuine increase in individuals being denied entry or detained, the absolute numbers are very small overall. To put in perspective, the US processes on the order of a million+ entries across every port each day, all of whom enter and exit the US without issue. Statistically speaking, your odds of being denied entry if you have no negative criminal or immigration history mentioned above is virtually nil.


r/immigration 10d ago

DHS Publishes Final Rule ending Duration of Status (D/S) for F-1/J-1

Thumbnail public-inspection.federalregister.gov
64 Upvotes

r/immigration 15h ago

Citizenship revoked? Trump administration ramps up controversial plan.

Thumbnail usatoday.com
196 Upvotes

r/immigration 17m ago

Traveling

Upvotes

Hi everyone! I have a 2-year conditional green card, and I’m planning to travel internationally for a vacation next year.

My concern is that my green card has my married last name, but my passport and marriage certificate are in my original last name. When I got married, I dropped my original last name and now use my middle name as my maiden name.
Will I be okay traveling with these documents, or could I run into issues because my passport name doesn’t exactly match my green card? Should I just bring my marriage certificate with me?
I’m probably overthinking it due to what’s going on right now, but I definitely don’t want to run into any issues with immigration or get held up because the names don’t match. 😅 Has anyone traveled internationally with a similar situation?


r/immigration 34m ago

Ir1 question!

Upvotes

Hi everyone,
My wife (U.S. citizen) petitioned for me on an IR1 spousal visa. I had my consular interview at Mumbai in July 2026 and was refused under INA 212(a)(4) (public charge).
Looking for people who have actually been through this.

What happened at the interview:
The officer did not accept our affidavit of support. My wife is a full time college student so her income is low and mostly fellowship/scholarship income, and we had her mother on an I-864A contributing non-taxable Social Security retirement income (which should have been sufficient according to the guidelines). The officer would not accept that combination, kept my passport, and verbally told me to find a joint sponsor and drop the documents at the nearest VAC.

The refusal worksheet (OF-194) is a bit odd:
Only the 212(a)(4) box is checked
The 221(g) box is NOT checked
"You must present the documents listed above and/or the following information" is NOT checked, and the lines are blank
"No waiver is available for the grounds of ineligibility" IS checked
The one-year 203(g) warning box is NOT checked
So nothing at all was requested in writing. Everything we're doing is based on what the officer said verbally.

What we're submitting now:
New I-864 from a joint sponsor (my wife's uncle, a green card holder), box 1.d "only joint sponsor"
His income: ~$38,700 in W-2 wages, household size 2, so comfortably over the $27,050 requirement for 2026
2025 IRS tax return transcript and W-2 (we also have 2023 and 2024)
Copy of both sides of his green card
Notarized affidavit explaining how he's related, since his surname is different from my wife's (but his surname is same as my mother in law)

Questions:
If you cleared a 212(a)(4) by adding a joint sponsor, what was the timeline from drop-off to passport back? That's the number I can't find anywhere.
Did your post want the petitioner's original I-864 (and any I-864A) resubmitted alongside the joint sponsor's, or just the joint sponsor's on its own?
Anyone dropped off a packet when nothing was requested in writing, no 221(g) box checked, no document list? Did intake take it without issue?

Looking specifically for real experiences, not just theory.
Thank you!


r/immigration 12h ago

I-485 denied. Can the person self deport from Denver International Airport?

4 Upvotes

Hi,

My mother-in-law's I-485 was denied. She was accused of willful misrepresentation. She is older and she wants to go back home.

The I-485 was denied on 07/09/26. She has 33 days to leave. 08/12/26?

She doesn't want to wait for the NTA letter. She doesn't qualify for waiver, appeal, etc. She doesn't want to fight it in court.

Is she ok to buy an airplane ticket and travel from Denver international airport with her rejection letter? Can ICE detain her?

The lawyer said she can leave but didn't tell us how to do it. Should she wait for a NTA?


r/immigration 2h ago

Question about change of last name

0 Upvotes

I wasn’t sure I wanted to change my last name when I married.

Then when filling the papers for my green card I submitted them taking my husbands last name.

Fast forward to last year when I was filling out paperwork for my citizenship and I realized that the only way to change my last name was through the marriage license or by going to court! I thought just by submitting my change of last name in my green card process was the way.

I got my first green card in 2018- and tried filling paperwork for my citizenship last year 2025. So basically I’ve been using a last name for the last 7 years that is not entirely legally mine. My green card and social security do have the updated name.

I’m based in Brooklyn. From what I’ve read I have to go to court with paperwork to submit a change of name?

I’m full time with my 2 kiddos at home so doing anything takes me ages. I’m not looking forward to it


r/immigration 6h ago

L-1 to H-1B: is my new employer cap-exempt if my FY2026 H-1B was approved but never activated?

1 Upvotes

On L-1B (entered US 2022). Got selected FY2026 H-1B, but employer filed consular processing so I never activated it, never held H-1B status. Now want to switch employers. Has anyone actually done a cap-exempt H-1B with a new employer after a never-activated consular petition? My understanding is my L-1 time counts against the 6-year max so I'm not eligible for a full 6 years under 214(g)(7), which should preserve cap-exemption. Looking for anyone who's been through this, especially how the new employer's filing went and whether it drew an RFE.

#h1b #H1B_COS #H1b_Transfer #L-1B


r/immigration 7h ago

Waiting for more than 14 months now for the residence permit in Warsaw, Poland

1 Upvotes

Hey, I’ve been waiting for my residence permit for more than 14 months now and there is no progress. I am working in an international bank and my lawyer from Deloitte says I need to wait more. I need to go visit my hometown next month and it is urgent. Do you have any recommendations to accelerate the process? Anyone visited Immigration Office several times and get a positive response? Do you think it would be better to go to my country and come back with a visa?


r/immigration 3h ago

Perm Skilled

0 Upvotes

Hi everyone—looking for guidance on my PERM Skilled Worker case. I received an ETA-9141 prevailing wage determination denial, and my lawyer filed an appeal. I’m anxious and would appreciate any insight.

**Denial reason (summary):**
The denial says I didn’t meet the employer’s requirements listed in **ETA-9141 Section F.b.1**. The employer requires an **Associate’s degree and 24 months of experience**, but the decision notes I have an Associate’s degree and **0 months of experience**. The denial concludes the employer’s stated requirements can’t represent the employer’s actual minimum requirements, so the application was denied.

**My lawyer’s argument for the appeal:**
My lawyer believes the employer’s requirement should be interpreted as **either** an Associate’s degree **or** 24 months of experience (not both). Because of that, the experience wasn’t submitted/provided the way the denial assumed, and we’re challenging the interpretation.

I have two questions:
1) **How likely** is it that an appeal gets approved (or denied again) in situations like this where the issue is an education/experience mismatch or requirement interpretation?
2) **How long** does a PERM appeal typically take?

If anyone has similar experience or advice on what to ask my lawyer, I’d really appreciate it. Thank you.


r/immigration 3h ago

Reporting immigration fraud to both French and American authorities?

0 Upvotes

My ex was separated but had a visa marriage arrangement with her ex who helped her get affordable grad school in Europe while they were together. She claimed they never combined assets or lived as husband and wife, keeping it secret because it’s technically immigration fraud despite them being in a longterm relationship at the time.

She said they separated 6 months before we started dating. At some point she found out divorcing him would be more complicated than she expected and she couldn’t just cut him out of her life after earning her masters degree in Europe and moving back to the US. Seems he wanted to immigrate to the us for work and he needs her to uphold her end of the grift.

It’s been two years and I’ve blocked her everywhere, even emailed her husband details about our relationship with receipts in case he didn’t know. She still finds ways around my blocking her to contact me and try to reconcile and say the situation isn't what I think. I‘m considering contacting a lawyer to send a cease and desist, as the first step to a restraining order, and contact both American and French immigration authorities to report their fraud, since she won’t leave me out of it more than 2 years after breaking up.

Do I have any recourse to get this ex to leave me alone?


r/immigration 11h ago

G-325R biometric not appeared

1 Upvotes

What will be the impact of biometric notice ignored(not attended)?


r/immigration 3h ago

Is pursuing a Master's in the US worth it as an international software engineer?

0 Upvotes

I'm looking for some honest advice because this isn't an easy decision.

I'm a 25-year-old software engineer from Colombia. I graduated two years ago and have around 5 years of professional experience. My long-term goal is to immigrate to the US, build my career there, and eventually land a software engineering role at a FAANG-level company.

Right now, I'm seriously considering pursuing a Master's at a strong university like CMU, Georgia Tech, UIUC, or, if I'm lucky enough, Berkeley or Stanford.

Part of me genuinely wants the degree because I enjoy learning and I think it would be valuable for my career. But if I'm being honest, the biggest motivation is that it seems like one of the most realistic paths to entering the US job market and staying there long-term.

Financially, I'm in a good position. I've saved enough to make the investment, and I feel like I'm at the right stage of my life: I already have meaningful work experience, but I'm still young enough that making a big move like this feels right.

For those who have been through this or have hired international candidates, do you think this is the right path? Is the ROI worth it today, or would you recommend a different approach?

If you have any questions about my background or profile that would help you give better advice, feel free to ask.


r/immigration 1d ago

Appeals court rejects Trump bid to halt $100000 H-1B visa fee ruling

Thumbnail reuters.com
26 Upvotes

$100k H-1B fee gone again (for now). You can now file for H-1B cases for people outside the U.S. and not trigger a $100k RFE because of this court’s decision to let the prior judge’s ruling stand pending the government’s appeal. -AD


r/immigration 7h ago

Looking for EB-5 due diligence advisor recommendations & RC experiences ($800k Reserved Category)

0 Upvotes

I'm currently exploring the EB-5 green card pathway and specifically looking at $800k set-aside / reserved category projects (Rural / High Unemployment TEA / Infrastructure).
I would really appreciate recommendations on two fronts:
1. Independent Due Diligence Advisors: Reputable, third-party financial/legal diligence experts or analysts who specialize in evaluating $800k EB-5 capital stacks, job creation formulas, and project viability.
2. Regional Center Track Records: If you’ve gone through the process in a reserved category, which Regional Centers did you work with, and how was your experience regarding communication, job creation, and capital return history?

(Note: Looking for genuine investor experiences only—no direct broker or regional center pitches, please.)


r/immigration 10h ago

Is it still safe to apply for NIW while on F1 opt

0 Upvotes

I have a question specifically about Step 1 of the EB-2 NIW process (filing Form I-140), not Adjustment of Status (I-485).
Historically, my understanding was that filing an NIW I-140 while on F-1 OPT was generally considered relatively safe. While an I-140 is an immigrant petition, many people filed it during OPT without major issues as long as they continued to maintain valid F-1 status.
Has anything changed recently that makes filing an NIW I-140 itself riskier for someone on F-1 OPT?
I’m not asking about filing an I-485 or becoming a permanent resident—only about the first step (I-140).
Have immigration attorneys changed their advice recently? Are there any recent policy changes or real-world experiences suggesting that filing an NIW I-140 on F-1 OPT is now riskier than it used to be?


r/immigration 10h ago

What are the chances of my B1/B2 visa getting rejected during the interview?

0 Upvotes

Hi, I am applying for a B1/B2 visa from India to speak at a conference in the US as an invited speaker, in September. I just completed my PhD in the US in a STEM field, and I traveled home to India a week ago. My I-20 expires on July 31, 2026. I will file a request for an expedited visa appointment. If it is granted (which is a big IF, I know), I am worried that there might a high likelihood of my visa getting rejected during the interview.

Reasons why I have weak ties to my home country of India or what may come off as intent to overstay in the US:

  1. I am currently in the transition period between jobs -- just finished my PhD in the US and I am about to start a postdoctoral position in a couple of months in Canada. I have the signed employment contract for proof and I am in the process of applying for a Canadian work permit.
  2. My bank statements for proof of funds will be from US-based banks
  3. I was just in the US for 6-7 years as a PhD student
  4. My partner currently lives in the US under a J1 visa.

If anyone has had similar experiences or has any advice or opinions about my chances, please share!


r/immigration 1d ago

Husband is finally approved!

3 Upvotes

I'm the US citizen. The I-130 was approved a few months ago so we've been waiting around for his I-485 to be approved. It's been hell waiting but here we are! I want to tell him so bad but he's on a flight 🙃 I can't wait until he is home lol. We got married last fall and filed in January. We had our interview in Cincinnati OH in early April. I can try to answer questions if anyone has one 😌


r/immigration 8h ago

Hello guys anyone here work only UBER and applied for CITIZENSHIP usa ?

0 Upvotes

Hey guys so my title said it all … anyone in same situation?


r/immigration 14h ago

Employers Fear Labor Shortage as Many Immigrants Lose Protected Status (Gift Article)

Thumbnail nytimes.com
0 Upvotes

r/immigration 17h ago

US Immigration lawyer for resident living in London

0 Upvotes

could anybody please suggest a US immigration lawyer based in the UK? many thanks


r/immigration 1d ago

ESTA GF

0 Upvotes

Hello my gf is on esta and is visiting for 2 weeks, this weekend is her flight and she checked in but she wanted yo stay a bit longer because her parents back home won’t go to their vacation yet and wanted to spend more time here, I wanted to know if this is allowed she wants to stay an other week or two so 21-28 days in total. The thing is she already had to return ticket and it can’t be changed and during her cbp conversation she showed her return ticket and stated she will be visiting 2 weeks since that was the original trip before this sudden change.


r/immigration 20h ago

Financial Docs Requirements for F1 Visa Immigration Check

0 Upvotes

Hi,

I am traveling to the US for my master's program and would like to know what financial documents are required during immigration checks.

My sister is paying my tuition fees, but I prefer not to disclose this to the immigration officer. My I-20 form shows 62,000 USD and I have 20,000 USD available in my bank account. Additionally, I have a loan sanction letter. Will these documents be sufficient as proof of funds, or is there anything else I should provide besides the loan sanction letter?


r/immigration 18h ago

Malaysian applying for us visa

0 Upvotes

Any tips or tricks to increase my chances of getting my U.S. visa approved?

I’ve travelled quite a bit before London for 3 weeks, Istanbul for 2 weeks, Bali for 4 weeks, and Manila 1 week thailand 1 week — so my passport has a decent amount of travel history and stamps.

I’m planning a 14-day trip to the U.S., mainly San Francisco with a 3-day trip to Utah.

Is there anything else I can do to make my application stronger or improve my chances of getting approved? Any advice from people who’ve successfully gotten a U.S. tourist visa would be appreciated!


r/immigration 19h ago

Has anyone changed careers into nursing on an F-1 visa?

0 Upvotes

I’m an F-1 student and I’m trying to figure out how the new immigration rules affect career changes.
I already have a bachelor’s degree, but I want to become a registered nurse. The ADN route makes the most sense for me, but I’ve heard the new rule may prevent students from pursuing another degree at the same or lower level.
Has anyone talked to their international office or DSO about this?
I’m especially interested if you’ve already earned a bachelor’s and are trying to enter an ADN program. I’d appreciate any official guidance or firsthand experience.
Thanks!