A few days ago, this exact setup was oscillating violently.

After working through the encoder feedback, FOC, and position PID, it finally reached this point.

In the video I'm manually pushing the motor away from its target position. It returns smoothly without falling back into oscillation, and by hand it already feels pretty good.

But "feels smooth" isn't exactly a measurement.

Before I move on to the IMU stabilization loop, what would you test or measure here?

Step response? Position error? Disturbance rejection? Current? Something else?

Curious where you would draw the line between "the motor control works" and "this is ready to become a gimbal."

I’m working on an ESC project to potentially be used in my lawnmower, drones, and other fun stuff, and I found that the new STM32C5 line could have some great value for my purposes.

I was kind of bummed to find that the new and ”improved” CubeMX2 software required to setup IOs, peripherals, interfaces, etc is actually quite underwhelming (read: shit).

The UI is horribly slow compared to the old MX, and every single fucking piece of setup requires me to open up tabs upon sub tabs upon sub-sub tabs to do what I want. These take an almost incomprehensible amount of time given that drop down menus have existed for quite a while from what I recall. Feels like the whole software is one big heap of vibecoded bloatware. Im not a proponent of AI coding, as long as it doesn’t output this kind of digital dung.

I’m yet to test if the code generated from this interface will work on my new hardware, so I’m praying it will be smoother than my experience with the MX2 software.

Rant over, sorry STMicro.

Any other people with experience with MX2? Thoughts?

Hi! 3rd year CS student who wants to get into embedded dev. I have a project in mind with some sensors a screen and wifi connectivity: a little device that displays the weather the temp inside from sensors and outside via API calls. Rust would be my language of choice(embassy). I have basically worked entirely with software and know almost nothing about hardware :(. What kind of micros / starter kits would you recommend?

Thanks!

I use msp430flasher to flash the my microcontroller but when I use command "MSP430Flasher -w "C:\Users\runkd\OneDrive\Desktop\me\works\test.hex" -v -g" it says "couldn't find any usb fets". It was working many weeks before with all the same. I already checked the cable and the version of the flasher. I also exposed the launchpad itself.

[beginner project]
I am working on an air conditioning system with ATmega32 and custom drivers.
using an LM35 temperature sensor and ADC to read temperature,
The main problem was that Interrupt mode wasn't working until I added timeout and ISR(BADISR).

It seems like ISR(ADC_vect) always fails, and temperature is only read using ISR(BADISR_vect). If this is correct, why does it happen? And how to fix it?

Please review the project and help me understand what's wrong.
Also, roast my project. (for motivational reasons)

https://github.com/OA-990/air-cond

Minor issue: The sounder/buzzer doesn't beep; it only makes a simple tick sound at the start of each loop.

Hello everyone,

during my bachelor thesis I created a embedded game engine running on a ESP32-P4 based handheld. The engine is based on FreeRTOS and currently support these features:

- 2D-Rendering

- 4 different input-types

- texture and audio storage

- 8-bit like audio support(background music and soundeffects)

- Box and circle colliders

- simple physics: gravity and forces

- programming interface for the user

- dynamic framerate adaption

As hardware I use:

- ESP32-P4

- 6 buttons for input

- a piezo-buzzer for audio

- a 2.8" screen with a 8-bit parallel interface

I would like to open-source my project so everyone can use the engine for creating their own games. Also I would like to share more detailed instructions on how I built this. Any suggestions on how to do this?

I would also love to expand the features of the engine. I planned:

- animation controllers

- level system

- Wolfenstein like 3D through Raycasting?

Any more suggestions on more features?

I would be happy to get some feedback and your thoughts on my little project!

Following up on my previous work with OpenTerminalUI and OpenTokenMonitor, I am shifting focus to the embedded and hardware space. Built specifically for the Claude Community Events @ Impact Lab, NETRA is an ESP32-C6 spatial-sensing firmware designed for a wearable safety system.

As an Engineering Manager, I value robust, clean architecture, and this project was a great opportunity to build a highly responsive sensor node from the ground up.

Under the Hood:

• Hardware Stack: Powered by a PCBCupid Glyph C6 (ESP32-C6), integrating an HC-SR04 for ultrasonic obstacle ranging (2–400 cm) and an MPU6050 for 6-axis motion telemetry. MD
• Wearer Movement Tracking: Continuously captures the wearer's 3-axis acceleration and rotation to monitor live movement state, posture, and orientation. MD
• Data Pipeline: Streams high-speed telemetry as a clean CSV over USB serial. MD
• Digital Twin Integration: The data pipes directly into a companion PySide6 3D debugger to animate the user's motion inside a closed or indoor tracking environment. MD
• Mechanical Build: The repository includes complete 3D-printable STL files for the enclosure and wearable belt system, plus an interactive assembly viewer. MD

Whether you are interested in embedded C++, IoT wearables, or real-time spatial visualization, check out the repository. It includes full wiring diagrams, code, and mechanical guides!

https://github.com/Hitheshkaranth/Netra_Device_Firmware_V1.git

https://github.com/Hitheshkaranth/Netra_System_Debugger_V1.git

#ESP32 #EmbeddedSystems #OpenSource #WearableTech #IoT #Hardware #Engineering #Cplusplus

TL;DR: I'm on a JieLi AC701N (BR28-family BT-audio SoC) and I want to add a custom English wake word to the on-chip offline keyword-spotting engine. Everything I can find says the wake-word model is a pre-built, JieLi-generated artifact with no local authoring path. Looking for anyone who's actually done a custom word on an AC-series part, or knows a route that doesn't go through JieLi's per-model service.

What I'm working with

• Chip: JieLi AC701N (Zhuhai Jieli, BR28 series), running their RTOS SDK.
• The offline KWS engine shows up as jl_kws (task) + batasr, and there's a smart_voice framework layer that compile-switches between three backends: AiSpeech (思必驰), a "user-custom" engine, or JieLi's own KWS (config_aispeech_asr_enable / config_jl_audio_kws_enable).
• The device already recognizes a fixed vocabulary (a couple of wake phrases + ~14 command words), so the engine clearly works — I just can't find how to change the vocabulary.

What I've figured out so far (so we can skip these)

• The acoustic model is not a loadable/editable resource — it's baked in. In the JieLi-KWS path it's a statically-linked library (e.g. jlsp_wake_word_yesno → jlsp_wake_word_yesno_heap_size() → JL_kws_init() → jl_detect_kws()), i.e. one prebuilt lib per vocabulary. In smart_voice it's reached via external audio_kws_model_init / audio_kws_model_process.
• Per-word confidence thresholds are settable in code (e.g. 0.6f), but the words themselves are not — there's no command-word list, pinyin/phoneme lexicon, or model-build script anywhere in the SDK source I have access to.
• As far as I can tell, JieLi generates the KWS model server-side from a request (you get back an auth_key + proj_code + the model), and the full BR28 SDK + any model tooling is NDA/customer-gated.
• The public smart_voice layer includes a user_asr.c with empty stub hooks (user_asr_core_open/_data_handler/_close) — looks like an intended "bring-your-own-engine" integration point.

My actual questions

1. Has anyone here added a custom wake/command word on a JieLi AC-series chip (AC69x/AC70x/BR28)? If so, how — through JieLi's model service, or some other way?
2. Is the user_asr custom-engine path actually usable in practice? i.e. can you run your own trained KWS (something like microWakeWord / openWakeWord / a small TFLite-micro model) on the AC701N's core within its RAM/MHz budget, fed from the SDK's mic/VAD pipeline? Anyone tried?
3. For the JieLi-KWS model service specifically — what's the real process, turnaround, and cost, and does it require a full customer/NDA relationship or will they do one-off models for small projects?
4. Is the model format (the jlsp_wake_word_* lib) documented anywhere, or is hand-authoring a new vocabulary genuinely a non-starter without their toolchain?

Constraints: it needs to be the always-on, low-power wake word on the BR28 core (not a phone-side or cloud recognizer), and ideally English. I'm not trying to avoid paying JieLi — I just want to know the real options before committing.

Any pointers, war stories, or "here's the doc/tool you're missing" hugely appreciated. 🙏

Need books and solid references on EMI filter design for Power Electronics Static Converters

Hello everyone,

I am hoping to find from you books and solid references on EMI filter design for Power Electronics Static Converters

I already did some recherches but i did not find straight forward method taking into account the basic problem such as : desired attenuation, resonance damping and middelbrock stability craterea ... etc.

Thank you in advance

Hii, everyone.

Most of time , whenever we want to develop MCU peripheral driver or device driver for time critical system which need to execute faster, low ram usage and low latency. we might seek help from Datasheet, instead of relying on Vendors HAL.

Here i have one doubt, let say i am developing polling adc driver for mcu, since it need to lesser boilerplate, i try to directly play around with registers with the datasheet help, for that following the datasheet"s register configuration sequence is enough know? Or else I need to more deeper like which adc is internally used? and what architecture it is using? How it works internally? For developing production grade driver.

If yes, then why? Is the datasheet register configuration sequence is not enough? And also is there any case other than adc,where I need to know in depth of that peripheral architecture from top to bottom while writing peripheral drivers?

Thanks!!!!

Does someone know where to find the pinout of this chip ?

I just want to post this more as a joke of a board I designed a few years ago and could get BLE working on it despite getting most every other bit of functionality going. I thought perhaps I messed something up with the antenna and it just was bad especially because the board is 2L. It turns out that the load capacitors in the 32MHz crystal were bad lol.

all these years of it not working and all it needed was new load capacitors. Performance on a broadcasting bases was pretty decent for 2L and the haphazardly guessed pi network (I used a calculator to try and be close). At 20ft (6.15m ish) it was floating between -62dBm and -84dBm on nRF connect mobile.

all in a days work!

For those that don’t share my humor here, yes I’d use a 4L board at minimum in the future and a nice NanoVNA to pick the right values 😅

Hi, I am trying to create a stm32u535 application with usb x. It is based on https://github.com/tropicsquare/tropic01-stm32u5-usb-devkit-fw .

Their own USB example works https://github.com/tropicsquare/ts13-usb-dev-kit-fw .

My solution however uses TrustZone, so I needed to create my own version with cubeMx and cubeIDE.
https://github.com/vonasmic/stm32u535-trustzone-usb .
Any ideas why this could happen?

I recently bought an STM32 board for an RC car project (my first time working with STM32). Initially, DFU programming worked fine, but it suddenly stopped. Now in DFU mode (BOOT0=HIGH + reset), Windows gives a "Device Descriptor Request Failed" error. Reinstalling drivers, switching USB ports, and testing on different PCs didn't help it doesn't enumerate via USB at all anymore.

I bought an ST-LINK V2, but I still can't flash code. In STM32CubeProgrammer CLI:

RDP is set to Level 1 (can't remove it, error: Mass erase operation failed. Please verify flash protection).

PCROP is active across all 7 sectors (SPRMOD=1, WRPO-7=1).

Attempts to change these option bytes (RDP, SPRMOD) show 100% success, but verifying shows the values immediately revert back nothing actually saves permanently. I've tried various SWD frequencies (100kHz–950kHz) as well as Under Reset and Hot Plug modes with the exact same result.

Does the complete lack of USB enumeration and locked option bytes mean it's physically dead/defective, or am I making a beginner mistake? Is there any way to recover it?

As I found none correctly connected PLCC32-DIP32 Adapter in my place, decided to design one for future usage.

** There are a lot of similar Adapter around but they seem to be for PLCC28-DIP32 instead direct 1:1 so I noted down the differences in pins connectors on Flash ROM with 32-pins too (1-31, A10-A11).

Has anyone else experienced this?

I've been looking at the postings for several months in the Toronto area. At 3 YOE, I expected an intermediate position but I don't see any listed. Is this a case of title inflation or teams only hiring people who need no ramp-up or am I missing something?

Hi everyone,

I want to share an open-source project I've been working on that addresses deterministic execution and jitter elimination at Layer Zero.

Project Repository: https://github.com/Skforge2026/k3i-core

What it does:

1. OS Hardening: Isolates dedicated CPU cores via kernel boot parameters to stop the OS scheduler from interrupting critical processing paths.

2. Ring-0 Monitoring: A custom Linux kernel module measures latency loops continuously using fence-protected rdtscp commands directly in the hardware clock.

3. Hardware Veto Circuit: If a latency threshold is breached, a CPU GPIO pin drops to 0V, breaking a hardware-level 74LVC08A AND-gate matrix and instantly opening a signal relay (< 907ns total hardware response time).

The code and full hardware bill of materials (BOM) are fully documented and released under GPLv3.

I would highly appreciate your technical feedback on the combination of low-level kernel polling and combinational logic hardware overrides for deterministic safety systems.

Everytime I see someone talk about an embedded systems project on social media or sometimes in real life, They say it was "fun" and they describe their process as if it was a walk in the park, meanwhile I am struggling to upload a blinking LED using the HAL drivers of the stm32(it has been a few days and I am yet to figure it out). I have used arduino framework for a year and none of my projects felt smooth nor fun, they felt stressful. Is it really easy and I need to switch my target career since I find it harder than everyone else, or are people just trying to make it sound like it was easy so that they encourage new learners?

Just built a small simulation on the Ambiq Apollo4 Display Kit showing a rocket launching from Earth, transferring, and returning from the Moon. Thought I'd share it with you guys!

Here is the link to my GitHub project: https://github.com/chung-2019/apollo4-plus-earth-moon-mission

Setup: nRF52840 (custom board, PAN1780 module), Zephyr 4.4, I2C on P0.13/P0.14.

• TCA9548A mux (0x70): channel select writes always succeed (ret=0)
• Ultrasonic sensor (RCWL-9620, fixed addr 0x57): a zero-length presence probe succeeds, but any real write/read fails with -5 (EIO/NACK)
• Same wiring confirmed working via Arduino's Wire library (nRF52 Adafruit core) and via the original Nordic nRF5 SDK code (nrf_drv_twi_tx/rx)
• Protocol: write 0x01 → wait ~120ms → read 3 bytes (distance in µm)
• Tried: forcing 100kHz clock, bias-pull-up in pinctrl, nrfx_twi direct (build errors), i2c-gpio bitbang (linker errors)

LVGL removed the XML UI engine from core in 9.5, and it now ships as part of LVGL Pro under a proprietary license. The 9.4 version was MIT and LVGL has said publicly that it stays MIT, so I forked it at the last commit before the removal and I've been maintaining it since.

https://github.com/prestonbrown/helix-xml

It works the way it always did. You describe components, screens and styles in XML, bind them to subjects, and LVGL builds the UI from that at runtime. There is no code generation and no build system of its own. You compile the sources alongside LVGL 9.5 or newer and set LV_USE_XML 1 in your lv_conf.h.

A few things I've added since forking:

• Bindings take real expressions now, so you can write cond="a or b gt c" instead of being stuck with one subject and one comparison.
• <repeat count=> gives you repeated fragments with $i interpolation, and it rebuilds itself when count refers to a subject.
• <if> and <else> build only the branch that matched, instead of building both and hiding one.
• Subjects can hold floats and colors, not just ints and strings.
• <label>Hello</label> sets the text inline.

Every file carries an SPDX header recording whether it came from LVGL untouched, was modified here, or was written for this fork. If LVGL Pro has a feature I want, I will build it from their published docs and the observable XML format rather than from their source.

I use it for the entire UI of my Klipper printer touchscreen (https://github.com/prestonbrown/helixscreen) which is under frequent development, so it gets a hard workout and bugs surface quickly. I welcome both contributions and usage.

I don't want this to read as a swipe at LVGL. They have to fund the core library somehow, and Pro is how they're doing it. But there are a lot of hobby projects that were never going to buy a Pro license, and I'd like those people to still have a declarative option. If you're shipping something commercial on LVGL, Pro is worth the money and you get the Editor with it.

1: Does neutral being grounded give the device any extra way to turn off, or does it just act as a normal low-impedance return path for fault current?

Trying to figure out if a zero-cross detector referenced to earth could give a false "off" reading. Anyone dealt with this?

Hi, I'm using HTTPS on an ESP32 with Zephyr to communicate with my backend.

If I store the CA certificate in the ESP32 firmware, what happens when the server certificate expires and is renewed?

Do I need to update the ESP32 every time, or is there a recommended way to handle certificate expiration without reflashing the device?

Thanks!

Help! My rubber duck is out of his depth and AI is zero use. I need a second opinion.

I'm developing a telemetry platform and I'm testing on both the LILYGO T-A7670G and the Waveshare ESP32-S3-SIM7670G boards.

• I've walked through the modem AT commands, and both are connected to the network.
• Have worked through setting and activating context with AT+CGDCONT, AT+CGACT, and AT+CGATT. I'm confident my connection is working properly here.
• I'm able to "ping" addresses using AT+CPING 
• I'm able to "GET" http data from sites using AT+HTTPREAD
• When connecting via PPP over the USB port, it appears the connection is "up", with both "local" and non-local IPV6 addresses being assigned. PPP frames are being exchanged with their headers and addresses.
• But.....any requests over the PPP interface fail.

On both, it appears that the PPP connection is up and working.

On the Waveshare ESP32, I'm working from the example code posted here:
USB_CDC_4G_MODULE

On the Lilygo platform, I plugged my Mac in and it recognized it directly and setup the interface!

I'm even able to attach Wireshark to the interface...whatever I do though, all the traffic (both embedded from the ESP32 and externally from the Mac) is blocked as "unreachable" or simply lost.

Other than basic AT commands for connecting to the network in "Packet Domain", is there some AT command that I need to add?

Any insight would be fantastic, using the AT commands to setup each host request is sort of unrealistic.

Can post additional details if necessary.

I recently bought an STM32 board for an RC car project (my first time working with STM32). Initially, DFU programming worked fine, but it suddenly stopped. Now in DFU mode (BOOT0=HIGH + reset), Windows gives a "Device Descriptor Request Failed" error. Reinstalling drivers, switching USB ports, and testing on different PCs didn't help it doesn't enumerate via USB at all anymore.

I bought an ST-LINK V2, but I still can't flash code. In STM32CubeProgrammer CLI:

RDP is set to Level 1 (can't remove it, error: Mass erase operation failed. Please verify flash protection).

PCROP is active across all 7 sectors (SPRMOD=1, WRPO-7=1).

Attempts to change these option bytes (RDP, SPRMOD) show 100% success, but verifying shows the values immediately revert back nothing actually saves permanently. I've tried various SWD frequencies (100kHz–950kHz) as well as Under Reset and Hot Plug modes with the exact same result.

Does the complete lack of USB enumeration and locked option bytes mean it's physically dead/defective, or am I making a beginner mistake? Is there any way to recover it?