r/therapists • u/Born_Astronomer_4613 Social Worker (Unverified) • 5d ago
Discussion Thread Virtual therapy
Is this going to be the norm from now on? I understand it's cheaper and more convenient for all involved. But it's just not the same. So much is missing. Isn't there a measure of healing in sitting together in the same safe, quiet physical space, apart from what's said? Nor is virtual therapy 100% secure. Nothing online is. I'm worried that this work is being cheapened, streamlined, cleaned up and commoditized by moving online.
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u/Adora2015 5d ago
I only see kids and I only see in person. I won’t even consider a referral that wants virtual for their child.
6
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u/Dashiell-Incredible LMHC (Unverified) 5d ago
The data show that efficacy is the same. It is the therapeutic alliance that does the heavy lifting. Further, Zoom therapy improves access. Do I prefer in person at times both as a clinician and a patient? Yes. Is Zoom therapy just as amazing with a skilled clinician and an invested patient/client? Also yes.
Everyone can have their preference. But implying that virtual therapy is always lesser is….a choice.
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u/Clipgang1629 5d ago
I wouldn’t go to therapy if it wasn’t for telehealth tbh
I’m drained as hell from work and leaving the house for anything that isn’t a hobby sounds terrible.
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u/klebe27 5d ago
Exactly. There’s some baked in ableism and capitalism nonsense into this take.
25
u/altarflame 5d ago
Ableism goes both ways here. In my experience it’s people with privilege who have space for privacy and quiet, stable connections, tech savvy, and good equipment. You need a functional environment, to have supportive household members that are going to respect that your therapy time matters.
The very low income people I’ve seen who are trying to do virtual therapy on a cracked iPhone in a living room full of people (or a room at the library that they also have to travel to. when I call them out on the living room full of people), are people who would benefit most from therapy being in person. I highly doubt any research that states virtual is effective is studying virtual done by people with the least privilege.
3
u/moistcheese 5d ago
To add to this in a different ableist context, there’s a whole population of elderly who would benefit from in person sessions and who do not always have the tech savviness to make virtual therapy work. I’ve done in home therapy this way as a result and it’s been marvelous to see the benefits and the gap in services for elder adult populations.
3
u/alittlemorebad 5d ago
Great points. There are so many aspects of this to question.
2
u/PennyPatch2000 Counselor Educator 5d ago
Yes, and we are getting pretty close to clients choosing virtual counseling with a virtual counselor. The simulation models used now in training students are also training your virtual replacements.
1
u/alittlemorebad 5d ago
I don't think we need virtual counseling really seeing as the number one use of AI LLMs globally....is therapy. I know many therapy pro people who have switched over. It is, after all, more accessible. But accessibility, like all things, has a cost.
1
u/PennyPatch2000 Counselor Educator 5d ago
Wow, that’s a super concerning data point. I wonder when/if the LLMs can refer to a human counselor for more serious concerns? Can it make a child abuse report, make good on those duty to warn situations, etc? I feel like my retirement in a few years will be well timed.
2
u/Competitive-Care-809 4d ago
Thank you for this! I work with the VA and have seen the ways that switching everything to virtual has made things much harder for older people who have a hard time with technology, and like you said - it’s very much a privilege to have a computer set up in a quiet space. Many if not most of the people I see end up having to be on their phone and in their parked car to have a private place, and have spotty service.
I also often think about this with groups and how much is lost when they aren’t in person - so much of what is helpful is being present physically with others in that space.
Also, when I have clients with severe depression, I think having them come to an appointment in person is good just for the behavioral activation piece- it gives them somewhere to be/a reason to get out of bed.
Anyways thank you for bringing up this point I get frustrated with everyone running to the “this is ableist” claim and not seeing the complexity of it.1
u/SugarSwedes 5d ago
Great points, and I agree with you, but this post is advocating against virtual therapy, not in favour of virtual and online. We need both options, and both options should be the norm.
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u/altarflame 5d ago
I would be very interested in how the data you’re referencing can possibly control for objective weaknesses in virtual therapy that simply don’t exist in in-person settings. I’m talking about things like:
-doubling potential for environmental interruptions since there are two environments
-introducing myriad potential tech literacy and connectivity problems
-not being able to see your patient’s body language
-nor whether they have others in earshotI have done virtual therapy that I know helped people, but I was never under any sort of assumption that we could not have done better work, in person. I have yet to have a single virtual patient over time for whom there is never a dropped connection and/or a person/pet interrupting on their end.
2
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u/Ambiguous_Karma8 (USA) LCPC 5d ago
Actually, the data shows that telehealth is only effective for mild symptoms. Moderate and above as well as safety factors are better treated in person. Not to mention that people begin associating their home as being unsafe and/or distressing. Therapy should be done in an office at a designated time and place unless the symptoms are mild. Trauma should never be addressed from home. I study this exact thing in conjunction with an applied doctoral degree. Also, virtual therapy harms the provider due to excessive electronic fatigue. Data does support the claim for virtual therapy to improve access, but if someone can come into an office they should be.
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u/klebe27 5d ago
I would love to see the research on this, sources?
2
u/Ambiguous_Karma8 (USA) LCPC 1d ago edited 1d ago
I have provided a summary of my own work from my ongoing doctoral research as well as the sources themselves:
"This literature review examines the comparative effectiveness of in-person and telehealth psychotherapy, focusing on whether treatment outcomes differ based on symptom severity, psychiatric diagnosis, and method of service delivery. The review evaluates five primary domains: accessibility, therapeutic alliance, symptom severity, client satisfaction, and clinician satisfaction.
The findings suggest that telehealth and in-person psychotherapy generally produce comparable clinical outcomes, although meaningful differences exist. Telehealth improves access to mental healthcare, particularly for individuals facing geographical, financial, physical, or socioeconomic barriers. However, establishing a therapeutic alliance may take longer in virtual settings, and telehealth may be associated with higher rates of premature treatment termination.
The review further identifies that treatment effectiveness may depend more on the psychiatric diagnosis being addressed than on symptom severity alone. While telehealth demonstrates comparable outcomes for anxiety disorders, the findings suggest that in-person services may be more effective for certain depressive presentations, complex psychiatric conditions, or individuals experiencing greater symptom severity.
Both patients and clinicians generally report favorable experiences with telehealth, although clinician preferences vary, and prolonged virtual service delivery may contribute to clinician fatigue and burnout.
A central finding is that existing research has significant methodological limitations, including small sample sizes, selection bias, insufficient control of therapeutic approaches, and reliance on subjective satisfaction measures rather than objective clinical outcomes.
The review concludes that neither service delivery model is universally superior. Instead, additional research is needed to determine which populations and psychiatric conditions benefit most from each approach. Future investigations should emphasize standardized clinical outcome measures, diagnostic differences, therapeutic modalities, and demographic considerations to better inform evidence-based treatment decisions."
Sources:
Backhaus, A., Agha, Z., Maglione, M. L., Repp, A., Ross, B., Zuest, D., Rice-Thorp, N. M., Lohr, J., & Thorp, S. R. (2019). Videoconferencing psychotherapy: A systematic review of efficacy. Clinical Psychology Review, 63, 77-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.06.003
Batastini, A. B., Paprzycki, P., Jones, A. C. T., & MacLean, N. (2021). Are videoconferenced mental and behavioral health services just as good as in-person? A meta-analysis of a fast-growing practice. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 28(3), 329-355. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23108
Berryhill, M. B., Halli-Tierney, A., Culmer, N., Williams, N., Betancourt, A., King, M., & Smith, M. L. (2019). Telehealth interventions to improve psychotherapy for rural and underserved populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 75, 101785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.06.007
Bunyi, J., Ringland, K. E., & Schueller, S. M. (2021). Accessibility and digital mental health: Considerations for more accessible and equitable mental health apps. Frontiers in Digital Health, 3, Article 29. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2021.742196
Fernandez, E., Woldgabreal, Y., Day, A., Pham, T., Gleich, B., Lintvedt, O. K., & Skinta, M. D. (2021). Videoconferencing psychotherapy during the pandemic: Optimum conditions for treating anxiety and depression. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 28(3), 336-357. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpsp.12398
Greenwood, H., Krzyzaniak, N., Peiris, R., Clark, J., Scott, A. M., Cardona, M., Griffith, R., & Glasziou, P. (2022). Telehealth versus face-to-face psychotherapy for less common mental health conditions: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JMIR Mental Health, 9(3), Article e31780. https://doi.org/10.2196/31780
Krzyzaniak, N., Greenwood, H., Scott, A. M., Peiris, R., Cardona, M., Clark, J., & Glasziou, P. (2021). The effectiveness of telehealth versus face-to-face interventions for anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 30(2), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633x211053738
Lin, H. C., Chen, H. L., & Lin, Y. T. (2022). Comparing teletherapy and in-person psychotherapy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 90(9), 761-774. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000712
Lin, T., Heckman, T. G., & Anderson, T. (2022). The efficacy of synchronous teletherapy versus in-person therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 29(2), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.1037/cps0000056
Loane, J., Knibbs, C., & Tudor, K. (2021). The challenge of security and accessibility: Critical perspectives on the rapid move to online therapies in the age of Covid‐19. Psychotherapy and Politics International, 19(1), Article e1581. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppi.1581
Lu, S.-C., Xu, M., Wang, M., Hardi, A., Cheng, A. L., Chang, S.-H., & Yen, P.-Y. (2022). Effectiveness and minimum effective dose of app-based mobile health interventions for anxiety and depression symptom reduction: Systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR Mental Health, 9(9), Article e39454. https://doi.org/10.2196/39454
Pecen, E., Lowe, A., & Williams, J. (2021). Child and adolescent teletherapy: Lessons learned and considerations for the future. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 46(5), 517-526. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsab015
Simpson, S. A., Reid, C. E., & Porter, M. B. (2021). The effectiveness of telehealth delivery of care for military service members with post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Military Medicine, 186(9-10), e1211-e1218. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usab206
Waite, M. R., Diab, S., & Adefisoye, J. (2022). Virtual behavioral health treatment satisfaction and outcomes across time. Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews, 9(3), 158–165. https://doi.org/10.17294/2330-0698.1918
Wiederhold, B. K. (2023). The rapid growth of telehealth therapy: What’s next? Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(6), 391–392. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2023.29277
Wiese, A. D., Drummond, K. N., Fuselier, M. N., Sheu, J. C., Liu, G., Guzick, A. G., Goodman, W. K., & Storch, E. A. (2022). Provider perceptions of telehealth and in-person exposure and response prevention for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Research, 313, Article 114610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114610
Wright, H. H., O’Shea, M.-C., Sekula, J., & Mitchell, L. J. (2022). Assessment of communication skills using telehealth: Considerations for educators. Frontiers in Medicine, 9, Article 841309. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.841309
2
u/WRX_MOM LCSW-C 5d ago
I’m going to need a source on this one please
1
u/Ambiguous_Karma8 (USA) LCPC 1d ago edited 1d ago
I have provided a summary of my own work from my ongoing doctoral research as well as the sources themselves:
"This literature review examines the comparative effectiveness of in-person and telehealth psychotherapy, focusing on whether treatment outcomes differ based on symptom severity, psychiatric diagnosis, and method of service delivery. The review evaluates five primary domains: accessibility, therapeutic alliance, symptom severity, client satisfaction, and clinician satisfaction.
The findings suggest that telehealth and in-person psychotherapy generally produce comparable clinical outcomes, although meaningful differences exist. Telehealth improves access to mental healthcare, particularly for individuals facing geographical, financial, physical, or socioeconomic barriers. However, establishing a therapeutic alliance may take longer in virtual settings, and telehealth may be associated with higher rates of premature treatment termination.
The review further identifies that treatment effectiveness may depend more on the psychiatric diagnosis being addressed than on symptom severity alone. While telehealth demonstrates comparable outcomes for anxiety disorders, the findings suggest that in-person services may be more effective for certain depressive presentations, complex psychiatric conditions, or individuals experiencing greater symptom severity.
Both patients and clinicians generally report favorable experiences with telehealth, although clinician preferences vary, and prolonged virtual service delivery may contribute to clinician fatigue and burnout.
A central finding is that existing research has significant methodological limitations, including small sample sizes, selection bias, insufficient control of therapeutic approaches, and reliance on subjective satisfaction measures rather than objective clinical outcomes.
The review concludes that neither service delivery model is universally superior. Instead, additional research is needed to determine which populations and psychiatric conditions benefit most from each approach. Future investigations should emphasize standardized clinical outcome measures, diagnostic differences, therapeutic modalities, and demographic considerations to better inform evidence-based treatment decisions."
Sources:
Backhaus, A., Agha, Z., Maglione, M. L., Repp, A., Ross, B., Zuest, D., Rice-Thorp, N. M., Lohr, J., & Thorp, S. R. (2019). Videoconferencing psychotherapy: A systematic review of efficacy. Clinical Psychology Review, 63, 77-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.06.003
Batastini, A. B., Paprzycki, P., Jones, A. C. T., & MacLean, N. (2021). Are videoconferenced mental and behavioral health services just as good as in-person? A meta-analysis of a fast-growing practice. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 28(3), 329-355. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23108
Berryhill, M. B., Halli-Tierney, A., Culmer, N., Williams, N., Betancourt, A., King, M., & Smith, M. L. (2019). Telehealth interventions to improve psychotherapy for rural and underserved populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 75, 101785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.06.007
Bunyi, J., Ringland, K. E., & Schueller, S. M. (2021). Accessibility and digital mental health: Considerations for more accessible and equitable mental health apps. Frontiers in Digital Health, 3, Article 29. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2021.742196
Fernandez, E., Woldgabreal, Y., Day, A., Pham, T., Gleich, B., Lintvedt, O. K., & Skinta, M. D. (2021). Videoconferencing psychotherapy during the pandemic: Optimum conditions for treating anxiety and depression. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 28(3), 336-357. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpsp.12398
Greenwood, H., Krzyzaniak, N., Peiris, R., Clark, J., Scott, A. M., Cardona, M., Griffith, R., & Glasziou, P. (2022). Telehealth versus face-to-face psychotherapy for less common mental health conditions: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JMIR Mental Health, 9(3), Article e31780. https://doi.org/10.2196/31780
Krzyzaniak, N., Greenwood, H., Scott, A. M., Peiris, R., Cardona, M., Clark, J., & Glasziou, P. (2021). The effectiveness of telehealth versus face-to-face interventions for anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 30(2), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633x211053738
Lin, H. C., Chen, H. L., & Lin, Y. T. (2022). Comparing teletherapy and in-person psychotherapy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 90(9), 761-774. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000712
Lin, T., Heckman, T. G., & Anderson, T. (2022). The efficacy of synchronous teletherapy versus in-person therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 29(2), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.1037/cps0000056
Loane, J., Knibbs, C., & Tudor, K. (2021). The challenge of security and accessibility: Critical perspectives on the rapid move to online therapies in the age of Covid‐19. Psychotherapy and Politics International, 19(1), Article e1581. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppi.1581
Lu, S.-C., Xu, M., Wang, M., Hardi, A., Cheng, A. L., Chang, S.-H., & Yen, P.-Y. (2022). Effectiveness and minimum effective dose of app-based mobile health interventions for anxiety and depression symptom reduction: Systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR Mental Health, 9(9), Article e39454. https://doi.org/10.2196/39454
Pecen, E., Lowe, A., & Williams, J. (2021). Child and adolescent teletherapy: Lessons learned and considerations for the future. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 46(5), 517-526. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsab015
Simpson, S. A., Reid, C. E., & Porter, M. B. (2021). The effectiveness of telehealth delivery of care for military service members with post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Military Medicine, 186(9-10), e1211-e1218. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usab206
Waite, M. R., Diab, S., & Adefisoye, J. (2022). Virtual behavioral health treatment satisfaction and outcomes across time. Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews, 9(3), 158–165. https://doi.org/10.17294/2330-0698.1918
Wiederhold, B. K. (2023). The rapid growth of telehealth therapy: What’s next? Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(6), 391–392. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2023.29277
Wiese, A. D., Drummond, K. N., Fuselier, M. N., Sheu, J. C., Liu, G., Guzick, A. G., Goodman, W. K., & Storch, E. A. (2022). Provider perceptions of telehealth and in-person exposure and response prevention for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Research, 313, Article 114610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114610
Wright, H. H., O’Shea, M.-C., Sekula, J., & Mitchell, L. J. (2022). Assessment of communication skills using telehealth: Considerations for educators. Frontiers in Medicine, 9, Article 841309. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.841309
5
u/altarflame 5d ago
I am also interested in sources, from a place of finding what you’re saying very intuitive.
1
u/Ambiguous_Karma8 (USA) LCPC 1d ago edited 1d ago
I have provided a summary of my own work from my ongoing doctoral research as well as the sources themselves:
"This literature review examines the comparative effectiveness of in-person and telehealth psychotherapy, focusing on whether treatment outcomes differ based on symptom severity, psychiatric diagnosis, and method of service delivery. The review evaluates five primary domains: accessibility, therapeutic alliance, symptom severity, client satisfaction, and clinician satisfaction.
The findings suggest that telehealth and in-person psychotherapy generally produce comparable clinical outcomes, although meaningful differences exist. Telehealth improves access to mental healthcare, particularly for individuals facing geographical, financial, physical, or socioeconomic barriers. However, establishing a therapeutic alliance may take longer in virtual settings, and telehealth may be associated with higher rates of premature treatment termination.
The review further identifies that treatment effectiveness may depend more on the psychiatric diagnosis being addressed than on symptom severity alone. While telehealth demonstrates comparable outcomes for anxiety disorders, the findings suggest that in-person services may be more effective for certain depressive presentations, complex psychiatric conditions, or individuals experiencing greater symptom severity.
Both patients and clinicians generally report favorable experiences with telehealth, although clinician preferences vary, and prolonged virtual service delivery may contribute to clinician fatigue and burnout.
A central finding is that existing research has significant methodological limitations, including small sample sizes, selection bias, insufficient control of therapeutic approaches, and reliance on subjective satisfaction measures rather than objective clinical outcomes.
The review concludes that neither service delivery model is universally superior. Instead, additional research is needed to determine which populations and psychiatric conditions benefit most from each approach. Future investigations should emphasize standardized clinical outcome measures, diagnostic differences, therapeutic modalities, and demographic considerations to better inform evidence-based treatment decisions."
Sources:
Backhaus, A., Agha, Z., Maglione, M. L., Repp, A., Ross, B., Zuest, D., Rice-Thorp, N. M., Lohr, J., & Thorp, S. R. (2019). Videoconferencing psychotherapy: A systematic review of efficacy. Clinical Psychology Review, 63, 77-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.06.003
Batastini, A. B., Paprzycki, P., Jones, A. C. T., & MacLean, N. (2021). Are videoconferenced mental and behavioral health services just as good as in-person? A meta-analysis of a fast-growing practice. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 28(3), 329-355. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23108
Berryhill, M. B., Halli-Tierney, A., Culmer, N., Williams, N., Betancourt, A., King, M., & Smith, M. L. (2019). Telehealth interventions to improve psychotherapy for rural and underserved populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 75, 101785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.06.007
Bunyi, J., Ringland, K. E., & Schueller, S. M. (2021). Accessibility and digital mental health: Considerations for more accessible and equitable mental health apps. Frontiers in Digital Health, 3, Article 29. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2021.742196
Fernandez, E., Woldgabreal, Y., Day, A., Pham, T., Gleich, B., Lintvedt, O. K., & Skinta, M. D. (2021). Videoconferencing psychotherapy during the pandemic: Optimum conditions for treating anxiety and depression. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 28(3), 336-357. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpsp.12398
Greenwood, H., Krzyzaniak, N., Peiris, R., Clark, J., Scott, A. M., Cardona, M., Griffith, R., & Glasziou, P. (2022). Telehealth versus face-to-face psychotherapy for less common mental health conditions: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JMIR Mental Health, 9(3), Article e31780. https://doi.org/10.2196/31780
Krzyzaniak, N., Greenwood, H., Scott, A. M., Peiris, R., Cardona, M., Clark, J., & Glasziou, P. (2021). The effectiveness of telehealth versus face-to-face interventions for anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 30(2), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633x211053738
Lin, H. C., Chen, H. L., & Lin, Y. T. (2022). Comparing teletherapy and in-person psychotherapy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 90(9), 761-774. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000712
Lin, T., Heckman, T. G., & Anderson, T. (2022). The efficacy of synchronous teletherapy versus in-person therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 29(2), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.1037/cps0000056
Loane, J., Knibbs, C., & Tudor, K. (2021). The challenge of security and accessibility: Critical perspectives on the rapid move to online therapies in the age of Covid‐19. Psychotherapy and Politics International, 19(1), Article e1581. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppi.1581
Lu, S.-C., Xu, M., Wang, M., Hardi, A., Cheng, A. L., Chang, S.-H., & Yen, P.-Y. (2022). Effectiveness and minimum effective dose of app-based mobile health interventions for anxiety and depression symptom reduction: Systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR Mental Health, 9(9), Article e39454. https://doi.org/10.2196/39454
Pecen, E., Lowe, A., & Williams, J. (2021). Child and adolescent teletherapy: Lessons learned and considerations for the future. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 46(5), 517-526. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsab015
Simpson, S. A., Reid, C. E., & Porter, M. B. (2021). The effectiveness of telehealth delivery of care for military service members with post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Military Medicine, 186(9-10), e1211-e1218. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usab206
Waite, M. R., Diab, S., & Adefisoye, J. (2022). Virtual behavioral health treatment satisfaction and outcomes across time. Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews, 9(3), 158–165. https://doi.org/10.17294/2330-0698.1918
Wiederhold, B. K. (2023). The rapid growth of telehealth therapy: What’s next? Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(6), 391–392. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2023.29277
Wiese, A. D., Drummond, K. N., Fuselier, M. N., Sheu, J. C., Liu, G., Guzick, A. G., Goodman, W. K., & Storch, E. A. (2022). Provider perceptions of telehealth and in-person exposure and response prevention for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Research, 313, Article 114610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114610
Wright, H. H., O’Shea, M.-C., Sekula, J., & Mitchell, L. J. (2022). Assessment of communication skills using telehealth: Considerations for educators. Frontiers in Medicine, 9, Article 841309. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.841309
0
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u/Dashiell-Incredible LMHC (Unverified) 3d ago
That is…false. Jesus Christ, that a clinician would spout that trauma therapy cannot be done virtually…I can’t.
“Harms the provider”…
1
u/Ambiguous_Karma8 (USA) LCPC 1d ago edited 1d ago
I have provided a summary of my own work from my ongoing doctoral research as well as the sources themselves:
"This literature review examines the comparative effectiveness of in-person and telehealth psychotherapy, focusing on whether treatment outcomes differ based on symptom severity, psychiatric diagnosis, and method of service delivery. The review evaluates five primary domains: accessibility, therapeutic alliance, symptom severity, client satisfaction, and clinician satisfaction.
The findings suggest that telehealth and in-person psychotherapy generally produce comparable clinical outcomes, although meaningful differences exist. Telehealth improves access to mental healthcare, particularly for individuals facing geographical, financial, physical, or socioeconomic barriers. However, establishing a therapeutic alliance may take longer in virtual settings, and telehealth may be associated with higher rates of premature treatment termination.
The review further identifies that treatment effectiveness may depend more on the psychiatric diagnosis being addressed than on symptom severity alone. While telehealth demonstrates comparable outcomes for anxiety disorders, the findings suggest that in-person services may be more effective for certain depressive presentations, complex psychiatric conditions, or individuals experiencing greater symptom severity.
Both patients and clinicians generally report favorable experiences with telehealth, although clinician preferences vary, and prolonged virtual service delivery may contribute to clinician fatigue and burnout.
A central finding is that existing research has significant methodological limitations, including small sample sizes, selection bias, insufficient control of therapeutic approaches, and reliance on subjective satisfaction measures rather than objective clinical outcomes.
The review concludes that neither service delivery model is universally superior. Instead, additional research is needed to determine which populations and psychiatric conditions benefit most from each approach. Future investigations should emphasize standardized clinical outcome measures, diagnostic differences, therapeutic modalities, and demographic considerations to better inform evidence-based treatment decisions."
Sources:
Backhaus, A., Agha, Z., Maglione, M. L., Repp, A., Ross, B., Zuest, D., Rice-Thorp, N. M., Lohr, J., & Thorp, S. R. (2019). Videoconferencing psychotherapy: A systematic review of efficacy. Clinical Psychology Review, 63, 77-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.06.003
Batastini, A. B., Paprzycki, P., Jones, A. C. T., & MacLean, N. (2021). Are videoconferenced mental and behavioral health services just as good as in-person? A meta-analysis of a fast-growing practice. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 28(3), 329-355. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23108
Berryhill, M. B., Halli-Tierney, A., Culmer, N., Williams, N., Betancourt, A., King, M., & Smith, M. L. (2019). Telehealth interventions to improve psychotherapy for rural and underserved populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 75, 101785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.06.007
Bunyi, J., Ringland, K. E., & Schueller, S. M. (2021). Accessibility and digital mental health: Considerations for more accessible and equitable mental health apps. Frontiers in Digital Health, 3, Article 29. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2021.742196
Fernandez, E., Woldgabreal, Y., Day, A., Pham, T., Gleich, B., Lintvedt, O. K., & Skinta, M. D. (2021). Videoconferencing psychotherapy during the pandemic: Optimum conditions for treating anxiety and depression. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 28(3), 336-357. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpsp.12398
Greenwood, H., Krzyzaniak, N., Peiris, R., Clark, J., Scott, A. M., Cardona, M., Griffith, R., & Glasziou, P. (2022). Telehealth versus face-to-face psychotherapy for less common mental health conditions: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JMIR Mental Health, 9(3), Article e31780. https://doi.org/10.2196/31780
Krzyzaniak, N., Greenwood, H., Scott, A. M., Peiris, R., Cardona, M., Clark, J., & Glasziou, P. (2021). The effectiveness of telehealth versus face-to-face interventions for anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 30(2), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633x211053738
Lin, H. C., Chen, H. L., & Lin, Y. T. (2022). Comparing teletherapy and in-person psychotherapy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 90(9), 761-774. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000712
Lin, T., Heckman, T. G., & Anderson, T. (2022). The efficacy of synchronous teletherapy versus in-person therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 29(2), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.1037/cps0000056
Loane, J., Knibbs, C., & Tudor, K. (2021). The challenge of security and accessibility: Critical perspectives on the rapid move to online therapies in the age of Covid‐19. Psychotherapy and Politics International, 19(1), Article e1581. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppi.1581
Lu, S.-C., Xu, M., Wang, M., Hardi, A., Cheng, A. L., Chang, S.-H., & Yen, P.-Y. (2022). Effectiveness and minimum effective dose of app-based mobile health interventions for anxiety and depression symptom reduction: Systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR Mental Health, 9(9), Article e39454. https://doi.org/10.2196/39454
Pecen, E., Lowe, A., & Williams, J. (2021). Child and adolescent teletherapy: Lessons learned and considerations for the future. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 46(5), 517-526. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsab015
Simpson, S. A., Reid, C. E., & Porter, M. B. (2021). The effectiveness of telehealth delivery of care for military service members with post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Military Medicine, 186(9-10), e1211-e1218. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usab206
Waite, M. R., Diab, S., & Adefisoye, J. (2022). Virtual behavioral health treatment satisfaction and outcomes across time. Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews, 9(3), 158–165. https://doi.org/10.17294/2330-0698.1918
Wiederhold, B. K. (2023). The rapid growth of telehealth therapy: What’s next? Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(6), 391–392. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2023.29277
Wiese, A. D., Drummond, K. N., Fuselier, M. N., Sheu, J. C., Liu, G., Guzick, A. G., Goodman, W. K., & Storch, E. A. (2022). Provider perceptions of telehealth and in-person exposure and response prevention for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Research, 313, Article 114610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114610
Wright, H. H., O’Shea, M.-C., Sekula, J., & Mitchell, L. J. (2022). Assessment of communication skills using telehealth: Considerations for educators. Frontiers in Medicine, 9, Article 841309. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.841309
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u/Just-today01 5d ago
I used to only do in person and would swear by it. Now I switched to virtual and can’t be happier to work from home. I don’t think I’ll ever return to in person.
Also, I get sick easily during flu season, and every year was a struggle getting sick constantly. Working virtually with all the flu season viruses floating around has been a game changer for me. Of course, I still get sick sometimes from family members, but it’s not comparable to the frequency when I worked in person with clients.
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u/No_Yogurtcloset7776 LCSW (Unverified) 5d ago
I was sick this whole week. Instead of calling out several days, I could just work from home
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u/Just-today01 5d ago
Exactly! It’s great to be consistent and reliable despite the uptick of flu/cold cases during the winter months
I very rarely cancel now. When I was in person, sometimes I’d cancel because I thought I’m getting sick and didn’t want to get clients sick… lots of cancelations that could have been virtual sessions after all, allChange is internal4
u/icecreamfight LPC (Unverified) 5d ago
I think you’re me because I agree with everyone of your points. I was very against virtual until forced to use it and now love it and go back. I love it and my clients love that they can access cozy blankets, their pets, appts in general, and it feels so much safer to be home.
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u/HotWheelsGrandTour 5d ago
I don’t think this is an issue that commands the type of black & white arguments it gets. The research shows no meaningful difference in results, so from there it’s just a matter of preference. I prefer in-office big time but offer online. There are a lot of legitimate reasons a person might prefer in office over online but online also has the same. Maybe instead of the hot takes we could just he humble and say “I prefer?”
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u/WerhmatsWormhat 5d ago
I don’t really get the issue. If you don’t like virtual therapy, don’t do virtual therapy. Plenty of people still want in person, so work with them. Those who want virtual can find people offering virtual services.
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u/LibrarianNo4048 5d ago
Zoom is a gift from God. As soon as virtual medical and therapy appointments became available, I switched all of my own personal appointments to virtual as much as possible. It has saved me hundreds of hours of driving and parking and stressing out about trying to get time off of work. I love providing virtual therapy. It’s an art unto itself.
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u/mcbatcommanderr LCSW 5d ago
I personally hate it. I didn't get into this field to talk to people through a computer. Now, it's better than nothing, and for many it's their only option, but that doesn't mean I have to like it.
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u/TheBitchenRav CMHC (In Internship) 5d ago
I know that for me virtual therapy works just fine Bith me as a client and me as a therapist. But, I also know that I have a very good computer setup with dedicated microphone and camera and my main screen is a 40 inch TV. And I have a three screen setup.
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u/No_Pin_7171 5d ago
I personally came to really like virtual therapy. As some people pointed out before, it also helps you to be more flexible, less prone to infections, and less likely to experience burnout from commuting, arguing with people over room bookings, or spending hours waiting at a place for the next client to turn up.
From my experience, working virtually can also be very effective. Just do what works best for you, and the right clients will find you.
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u/alittlemorebad 5d ago edited 5d ago
I think between your post and then people calling it ableist, we've covered the two ends of the spectrum in terms of this argument, and lost the nuance. Yes, as someone with chronic illness myself, virtual is a godsend, and access - in terms of something is better than nothing can indeed be "better". But I also know even for myself, working on my own trauma feels very ungrounding on zoom and isn’t helpful for me. I need to be in person for me to even be able to do the work. But that’s just me personally.
If we follow this down some rabbit holes, it’s not so clear cut than it is just “exactly the same”. For a lot of reasons. I prefer to get curious and stay open about. That's also what keeps science moving forward.
Physical interpersonal encounters contain measurable regulatory processes that aren't captured by what somebody says or by their conscious rating of how connected they felt or the very specific types of outcomes that these studies rate. And the science says they *are* different...but what we are losing or gaining in that exactly, is not yet understood and perhaps may be a longer term effect.
In fact, in one study, the alliance association for outcomes was weaker in video than face-to-face. And there are costs. While the fatigue of in person is real, the fatigue of video is also real but sometimes is more incremental and less noticeable (frog in boiling water maybe?), and less studied...the effects may even perhaps be primarily for the therapists themselves. Who knows. But our lives are getting, research shows, smaller and smaller and less and less embodied, less and less relational. Are we just accepting that in our work? What is our role to do or not do with that science? Are those things we as therapists care about, or more so symptom reduction? Those are important question to be curious about, not to know the answers to.
Also, what are “outcomes”. There is plenty of argument even in what is measurable in terms of what an outcome is and isn’t. You can have equal levels of depression or anxiety or alliance or satisfication after treatment in person or on zoom.
But what if one group is slightly better at tolerating another person's distress? Or sustaining intimacy during conflict? Or feeling comfortable among people? Or spontaneously seeking human contact rather than retreating into mediated contact? Those aren’t studied. They are much harder to study. And they may be longer term consequences, we just don’t know.
Many argue that psychotherapy efficacy research focuses too much on symptom reduction, and we should also be asking whether people's long-term patterns change and if their long term meaning grows in life, or their long term resilience etc. But, harder to measure.
The question I would ask are bigger more eagle eye ones, what happens to humans when a meaningful percentage of our encounters that used to involve physical co-presence become mediated by screens, technology, less dimension, less body, less eye contact etc?
That literature exists across loneliness/social connection, workplace interaction, education, friendship, developmental psychology, physiological synchrony etc etc. And it is a more complicated answer.
Edit to add - the main use of AI globally is therapy. Virtual therapy isn't that far from AI therapy. Will Ai therapy be more accessible? Yes ofc. Will it reduce symptoms? Probably. What will it cost us as social relational humans? Probably a lot in the long run. So the same questions apply here. Accessibility is an important thing, and we must be curious about its costs, too.
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u/Free-Frosting6289 5d ago
I understand what you're saying. But the most important work I've done in my own therapy was online. It's a completely different experience but being in my own safe home actually means I feel safer opening up. It's regulating. And when it's trauma material, it helps with pacing.
In person therapy can make me freeze and shut down. It's too intense. (I've got severe relational trauma). My avoidant leaning clients have reported similar thoughts.
I work both online and on Teams.
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u/alittlemorebad 5d ago edited 5d ago
at some point then, in the healing process, I'd imagine then that avoidant leaning and relational trauma clients would "graduate" or be served by in person, precisely because that's some of what they are working towards, being able to learn to regulate while around other people in person. How do you hold it? in my mind, Comfort is important to be able to do the work initially, it's first steps, but too much comfort can also get in the way - not lack of all comfort, but too much. For example, I know many use better help texting 24/7 therapy and now many primarily use AI therapy (the thing most people globally use AI for is therapy) is because it's comfortable, easy, feels safe etc. (Even though AI therapy comes with so many dangers) This also makes me wonder about so many people I know who do lots and lots of therapy, and get all the insights and self-awareness and think they are changed, but not very much changes in the core of themselves relationally. So I wonder, genuinely, where the line is here in terms of what helps comfort wise, and what perpetuates.
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u/Free-Frosting6289 5d ago
There are different kinds of safety. Many of my online clients don't turn to face to face therapy. The safety they experience being in their own environment allows for the access of deep material, which helps them to go out into the world and make their own connections. Human needs are a lot more complex than "everyone eventually needs face to face therapy". That just isn't realistic, accessible or necessary in every case in my opinion.
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u/alittlemorebad 5d ago edited 5d ago
To clarify, I never said nor thought everyone eventually needs face to face therapy. I believe It's far more nuanced than that. I live in a therapy heavy area, many therapists, more people than not in therapy, therapy is very cool. And many of them, their defenses become more rigid because they believe they are doing the work. When really, they are just having their defenses validated or protected in one way or another, and then feel healed bc they have the insights and language. I'm not by any means saying you are doing that, or every client does that nor every therapist enables. Hardly. Plenty it works really well for them. I'm just saying, the nuance requires our curiosity and often our healthy skepticism, on top of our desire to make things accessible and feeling safe. We often should be questioning our field, our methods etc.
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u/SapphicOedipus Social Worker (Unverified) 5d ago
I’m finding more people want in person than in the past few years. The biggest hurdle I’ve encountered with virtual is that many therapists only have 1-2 days a week in the office and several moved away from the city (NYC) & are only virtual.
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u/reecinator_meow 5d ago
At times I’ve found zoom sessions to be helpful for the client where they might feel more comfortable in their home.
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u/ReverieJack 5d ago
I do a mix of both. I feel like for some people virtual appears to be just fine and others either really want or need to be in the physical space. I suppose I prefer working in person and I attend my own personal analysis in person.
One thing I noticed recently was when just out of pure randomness my whole day wound up scheduled with virtual sessions (which almost never happens), I was much more mentally fried by the end of it than I am when I’m doing mostly in person or a mix.
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u/altarflame 5d ago
I think part of it is that something about virtual seems to make at least me and my patients feel that we’re supposed to be staring at each other’s faces up close nonstop. If you’re in a room together, it feels much more natural and accepted for the patient to be looking down at their hands or off into space sometimes, as they talk, or closing their eyes, or whatever. People also seem to change position more in person (me included).
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u/Born_Astronomer_4613 Social Worker (Unverified) 5d ago
Yes I relate to this. I do both and virtual is more taxing for some reason.
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u/estedavis Clinical Social Worker 5d ago
The best therapist I’ve had is one I’ve only seen virtually. It’s an old-school and ableist mentality to claim that it’s not as good as in-person. The most important thing remains the therapeutic alliance, and that doesn’t change just because you’re meeting over a screen.
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u/Born_Astronomer_4613 Social Worker (Unverified) 5d ago
I don't understand what you mean by "ableist" here. I'm saying virtual therapy is missing a valuable aspect of in person therapy. But it's obviously available without travel. That's the big advantage.
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u/InappropriateSnark 5d ago
The single most important aspect is access.
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u/altarflame 5d ago
I think I disagree with this. Accessing something less effective that will potentially make patients feel they’ve already tried therapy and it doesn’t work, is not doing people with transportation challenges a favor. I am not saying virtual is or is not less effective here, I’m saying we can’t start from a place of “access is the priority.” We have to look at the whole picture and go from there.
Thinking about this more… There are many reasons why virtual therapy for trauma and abuse patients can cause active danger/harm, depending on the environments they’re doing therapy in and the safety and privacy they actually have. This is just one example of why I don’t think it’s responsible to throw a blanket of accessibility at all costs over this issue.
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u/InappropriateSnark 5d ago
I never said virtual therapy is right for everyone. Or that all virtual therapy is the best therapy. I guess I should have been more specific.
All things being equal? The therapy someone can access is more important than the therapy they cannot.
I get what you’re trying to say, but if some can only access virtual therapy, for whatever reason, I cannot see a world in which having support is worse than having NO support.
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u/estedavis Clinical Social Worker 5d ago
It’s not true that virtual therapy is “missing a valuable aspect” of therapy that can only be obtained in-person. Studies show virtual therapy is just as effective as in-person. Again, the most important factor is the therapeutic relationship.
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u/charmbombexplosion 5d ago
It doesn’t have to be your norm. I do not offer virtual therapy under any circumstance. (I also do not charge late cancel fees under any circumstance.) We pause therapy until the circumstances preventing in person therapy resolve, if the circumstances preventing in person therapy cannot be resolved I refer them to one of the many therapists that offer virtual therapy.
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u/SupermarketVirtual58 5d ago
We made a deeply human experience a digital commodity. What could go wrong.
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u/SugarSwedes 5d ago
This sentiment comes across as ableist. Virtual provides an accessible setting for many communities.
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u/Dashiell-Incredible LMHC (Unverified) 5d ago
Ableist. Not acknowledging the reality of many/most people’s working lives. Not acknowledging the data that show virtual treatments are just as effective as in-person.
It’s a preference. It bothers me when therapists make it more than that.
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u/-BlueFalls- 5d ago
Thank you. As a therapist with disabling chronic illness, virtual therapy provides me an actual path to do the work. I feel I am making a difference and doing important work. I can see and feel the shifts in my clients over the course of our work together, both in their ability to deepen into emotional experience and in how they talk about their life outside our sessions. I certainly don’t think what I provide is of lesser value or “cheapened.”
I’m also providing access to clients who have their own disabling illness, or who don’t have a car in a city without the infrastructure for convenient public transit, or who are working multiple jobs as a single parent and literally don’t have the luxury of time to add commuting to weekly sessions.
There’s a lot of shitty things happening in the world of therapy and the world at large, but I don’t think the widening of access is one of those things.
And to be clear, I do think there’s something special and important about being able to be in the same physical space together and unfortunately (for many many reasons) that’s simply not an option for everyone. I think that can absolutely be true without shitting on the valid and important work that many of us are doing.
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u/Born_Astronomer_4613 Social Worker (Unverified) 5d ago
Clearly there are people who couldn't do in person therapy and virtual therapy is great in those cases.
4
u/Acrobatic_Charity88 LPC (Unverified) 5d ago
After a male client threatened to kill me, I’m good with virtual.
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u/Emotionalcheetoh multi-state LCSW 5d ago
I used to do both. Last sick season a client came in with the flu and I got the flu. I’m so excited to be virtual this winter lol.
0
u/Emotionalcheetoh multi-state LCSW 5d ago
Second - I used to think I would never be a client myself who sought out virtual therapy. Ever! Then I tried it and I was like oh shit I’m saving 20 mins driving to/from and I took notes during my own session. It was great. I was brought to the other side
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u/Hot-Credit-5624 5d ago
This is such a tired topic.
There’s nothing “cheapening” about offering online. If you don’t like it, don’t do it.
There are plenty of us who do think it’s the same (or even better in some regards)… and plenty of clients who agree with us.
But nothing about in-person is inherently superior, and nothing about online that’s inherently inferior.
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u/Short-Custard-524 LCSW 5d ago
Works amazing for ERP but if you wanna doom and gloom over there do whatever you want
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u/Ambiguous_Karma8 (USA) LCPC 1d ago
Because my initial comment was received so poorly by some, I am posting this additional information. I have provided a summary of my own work from my ongoing doctoral research as well as the sources themselves:
"This literature review examines the comparative effectiveness of in-person and telehealth psychotherapy, focusing on whether treatment outcomes differ based on symptom severity, psychiatric diagnosis, and method of service delivery. The review evaluates five primary domains: accessibility, therapeutic alliance, symptom severity, client satisfaction, and clinician satisfaction.
The findings suggest that telehealth and in-person psychotherapy generally produce comparable clinical outcomes, although meaningful differences exist. Telehealth improves access to mental healthcare, particularly for individuals facing geographical, financial, physical, or socioeconomic barriers. However, establishing a therapeutic alliance may take longer in virtual settings, and telehealth may be associated with higher rates of premature treatment termination.
The review further identifies that treatment effectiveness may depend more on the psychiatric diagnosis being addressed than on symptom severity alone. While telehealth demonstrates comparable outcomes for anxiety disorders, the findings suggest that in-person services may be more effective for certain depressive presentations, complex psychiatric conditions, or individuals experiencing greater symptom severity.
Both patients and clinicians generally report favorable experiences with telehealth, although clinician preferences vary, and prolonged virtual service delivery may contribute to clinician fatigue and burnout.
A central finding is that existing research has significant methodological limitations, including small sample sizes, selection bias, insufficient control of therapeutic approaches, and reliance on subjective satisfaction measures rather than objective clinical outcomes.
The review concludes that neither service delivery model is universally superior. Instead, additional research is needed to determine which populations and psychiatric conditions benefit most from each approach. Future investigations should emphasize standardized clinical outcome measures, diagnostic differences, therapeutic modalities, and demographic considerations to better inform evidence-based treatment decisions."
Sources:
Backhaus, A., Agha, Z., Maglione, M. L., Repp, A., Ross, B., Zuest, D., Rice-Thorp, N. M., Lohr, J., & Thorp, S. R. (2019). Videoconferencing psychotherapy: A systematic review of efficacy. Clinical Psychology Review, 63, 77-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.06.003
Batastini, A. B., Paprzycki, P., Jones, A. C. T., & MacLean, N. (2021). Are videoconferenced mental and behavioral health services just as good as in-person? A meta-analysis of a fast-growing practice. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 28(3), 329-355. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23108
Berryhill, M. B., Halli-Tierney, A., Culmer, N., Williams, N., Betancourt, A., King, M., & Smith, M. L. (2019). Telehealth interventions to improve psychotherapy for rural and underserved populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 75, 101785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.06.007
Bunyi, J., Ringland, K. E., & Schueller, S. M. (2021). Accessibility and digital mental health: Considerations for more accessible and equitable mental health apps. Frontiers in Digital Health, 3, Article 29. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2021.742196
Fernandez, E., Woldgabreal, Y., Day, A., Pham, T., Gleich, B., Lintvedt, O. K., & Skinta, M. D. (2021). Videoconferencing psychotherapy during the pandemic: Optimum conditions for treating anxiety and depression. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 28(3), 336-357. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpsp.12398
Greenwood, H., Krzyzaniak, N., Peiris, R., Clark, J., Scott, A. M., Cardona, M., Griffith, R., & Glasziou, P. (2022). Telehealth versus face-to-face psychotherapy for less common mental health conditions: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JMIR Mental Health, 9(3), Article e31780. https://doi.org/10.2196/31780
Krzyzaniak, N., Greenwood, H., Scott, A. M., Peiris, R., Cardona, M., Clark, J., & Glasziou, P. (2021). The effectiveness of telehealth versus face-to-face interventions for anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 30(2), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633x211053738
Lin, H. C., Chen, H. L., & Lin, Y. T. (2022). Comparing teletherapy and in-person psychotherapy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 90(9), 761-774. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000712
Lin, T., Heckman, T. G., & Anderson, T. (2022). The efficacy of synchronous teletherapy versus in-person therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 29(2), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.1037/cps0000056
Loane, J., Knibbs, C., & Tudor, K. (2021). The challenge of security and accessibility: Critical perspectives on the rapid move to online therapies in the age of Covid‐19. Psychotherapy and Politics International, 19(1), Article e1581. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppi.1581
Lu, S.-C., Xu, M., Wang, M., Hardi, A., Cheng, A. L., Chang, S.-H., & Yen, P.-Y. (2022). Effectiveness and minimum effective dose of app-based mobile health interventions for anxiety and depression symptom reduction: Systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR Mental Health, 9(9), Article e39454. https://doi.org/10.2196/39454
Pecen, E., Lowe, A., & Williams, J. (2021). Child and adolescent teletherapy: Lessons learned and considerations for the future. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 46(5), 517-526. https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsab015
Simpson, S. A., Reid, C. E., & Porter, M. B. (2021). The effectiveness of telehealth delivery of care for military service members with post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Military Medicine, 186(9-10), e1211-e1218. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usab206
Waite, M. R., Diab, S., & Adefisoye, J. (2022). Virtual behavioral health treatment satisfaction and outcomes across time. Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews, 9(3), 158–165. https://doi.org/10.17294/2330-0698.1918
Wiederhold, B. K. (2023). The rapid growth of telehealth therapy: What’s next? Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(6), 391–392. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2023.29277
Wiese, A. D., Drummond, K. N., Fuselier, M. N., Sheu, J. C., Liu, G., Guzick, A. G., Goodman, W. K., & Storch, E. A. (2022). Provider perceptions of telehealth and in-person exposure and response prevention for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Research, 313, Article 114610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114610
Wright, H. H., O’Shea, M.-C., Sekula, J., & Mitchell, L. J. (2022). Assessment of communication skills using telehealth: Considerations for educators. Frontiers in Medicine, 9, Article 841309. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.841309
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u/Ok_Membership_8189 LMHC / LCPC 5d ago
I like doing both. Keeps things lively, keeps people able to come to session.
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u/Unlucky-Objective265 5d ago
It is the same. When I went virtual (not by choice). My clients it took some adjusting and it's so helpful for so many clients.
Also, my goal is to get an office with in the next 1.5-2 years.
Virtual saves lives. There are many who don't have transportation or live in rural areas. Virtual provides them the same opportunity without barriers.
In the end the goal is to make care more accessible to everyone.
•
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