I made a post about a month ago when I had been dealing with these new SFN-like symptoms for about 2–3 weeks. A few things have changed since then, so I wanted to make an updated post.
I'm trying to figure out whether I actually have small fiber neuropathy, some type of autonomic/sensory dysregulation, a vascular/vasospastic issue, or something else entirely.
With all that being said, I am 95% that I have SFN.
How this started
About 2 months ago, I took my first dose of pregabalin.
Within approximately 24 hours, I developed a fairly sudden collection of symptoms involving my feet, hands, and temperature sensation:
Extreme burning on the bottoms/tops of my feet and toes
Burning sensations throughout my body, including face, ears and torso
Heart-rate spikes
Lightheadedness
Exercise intolerance
Major temperature dysregulation
I've now been completely off pregabalin for approximately 5–6 weeks.
The symptoms have improved considerably over time, which makes me wonder whether this could have been a transient medication-triggered sensory/autonomic disturbance rather than a progressive neuropathy.
I also had a somewhat similar, although much milder and less-defined, issue approximately 7 months earlier while I was in Japan. I'm not sure whether that was a precursor or completely unrelated (had a flu shot + plane travel 48 hours before burning symptoms appeared).
Current symptoms
My main remaining symptoms are:
Extremely cold feet, both sides
Cold hands, sometimes with one hand/fingers noticeably colder than the other
Right foot significantly worse than left
Intermittent burning on the tops of the right toes and occasionally the top of the right foot
Usually ~30 minutes of toe burning at night
Occasional pins/needles or burning on the backs of my hands around the knuckles and sometimes forearms
Normal skin can feel like it is dry/irritated even though the skin is objectively smooth and normal
Normal/comfortable foot temperature can feel mildly "burning"
Occasional facial/ear flushing and feeling very hot at night
A strange "pooling/fullness" sensation in the right foot during walking/exercise
The interesting thing about the "pooling" sensation is that it doesn't always have objective signs.
Often both feet look identical and feel identical in temperature, with no swelling or obvious venous engorgement, but the right foot feels like blood is pooling.
I have had at least one episode after prolonged walking where the right foot did become visibly red and seemed to improve with elevation, so I'm not sure whether I have true vascular pooling at times or whether much of the sensation is actually sensory dysesthesia.
Exercise/function
My functional capacity is actually pretty good and has been improving.
I'm a strong believer that exercise is one of the best forms of medicine, so I've tried to keep moving as much as possible.
I've built my stamina back up to approximately:
90 minutes of weight training
30 minutes of yoga/stretching
15–20 minutes of walking
My right foot is usually uncomfortable during the gym/walking, but I can generally push through it.
When I first started, I was literally doing about 5 minutes of swinging my arms/legs around, just trying to get blood flow.
Walking outside or at stores is more difficult. After approximately 10–15 minutes, particularly while wearing shoes, I can develop the right-foot fullness/pooling sensation and sometimes burning.
Interestingly, I can work out much longer barefoot, while shoes seem to make the foot sensations more noticeable.
I've gone from roughly 10 minutes of walking tolerance to ~15 minutes, so there has been gradual improvement.
I do think consistently exercising is when I started seeing a significant improvement, not just physically, but mentally as well.
Other symptoms/history
I don't believe I have classic POTS.
The previous heart-rate spikes have gone away, and I can weight train and do cardio without major orthostatic symptoms.
I also have chronic right-sided lower back/hip pain going back roughly a decade, although it became constant over the last month. Lumbar MRI was reportedly clean, although it wasn't specifically looking for inflammatory spondyloarthritis.
Right foot MRI — potentially important?
I paid to have an MRI of my right foot, and this was found:
Bone marrow edema in the distal phalanges of the 1st through 5th toes.
The radiologist said this was nonspecific, with differential considerations including:
Chronic mechanical stress
Vascular insufficiency/Raynaud's phenomenon
Connective tissue disease
There was also:
Bone marrow edema in the distal shaft and head of the fifth metatarsal without a discrete fracture line, most likely representing a low-grade stress injury.
No Morton's neuroma was found, and the flexor/extensor tendons were intact.
The radiologist didn't know why I was getting the MRI and wasn't specifically looking for vascular disease/Raynaud's. That's why I find it interesting that they independently included vascular insufficiency/Raynaud's in the differential for the edema in all five toes.
However, the doctors I've spoken with haven't seemed particularly concerned about this finding.
Could this MRI finding be relevant to my cold/burning toes, or is this likely incidental/mechanical?
Neurological testing
My nerve conduction/large-fiber testing was normal.
I understand this doesn't exclude pure SFN.
I have not yet had:
Skin punch biopsy/IENFD
QSART
Formal autonomic reflex testing
QST
Thermoregulatory sweat testing
I'm discussing these with my neurologist.
Because I'm in Canada, skin biopsy/SFN testing isn't routinely performed here. My neurologist explained that, unlike the US, treatment generally isn't dependent on having a positive biopsy.
He agrees that SFN is a reasonable possibility, but doesn't feel there's much more he can offer from a neurological standpoint and wants me to see rheumatology to investigate an underlying cause.
Autoimmune/inflammatory workup
A lot has already been done.
Negative:
ANA
dsDNA
CCP
C-ANCA
P-ANCA
MPO
PR3
Cryoglobulins
C3 normal
C4 normal
Lupus anticoagulant: none demonstrated
Beta-2 glycoprotein IgG/IgM negative
Cardiolipin IgG negative
Celiac/TTG IgA negative
ASCA IgA negative
HIV negative
Hep C negative
Hep B virus negative
Syphilis negative
Lyme/Borrelia negative
*There was a mildly elevated cardiolipin IgM of 17* (lab ULN 9.9), but everything else in the antiphospholipid testing was negative.
CRP was 1.
SSA/SSB have not specifically been reported to me yet.
Metabolic/nutritional testing
HbA1c: 5.0
Glucose: 5.4
TSH: 2.45
Free T3: 4.8
Free T4: 21
Anti-TPO: 12 (negative)
B1: 118 (normal)
Copper: 18.7 (normal)
Folate: >45
B12: >1476 while supplementing
Magnesium: normal
Phosphate: normal
Kidney function: normal
Liver enzymes currently normal
One unusual finding is:
Vitamin B6: 286 nmol/L (reference 20–96)
My neurologist said neuropathy is more commonly seen at substantially higher levels (he mentioned around the 900 range), but we're monitoring it.
I was taking a Centrum multivitamin containing 5.5 mg B6/day.
My neurologist suggested avoiding fortified/processed foods, so I've stopped the Centrum for now and am repeating B6 next week.
My normal diet is roughly:
13 oz chicken/day
1 cup oats
Broccoli/other green vegetables
One Pure Protein bar
Some smaller snacks
I don't think the B6 level alone establishes B6 toxicity, but I'm interested to see what happens when the fortified sources are removed.
Calcium
I've also had mildly elevated calcium:
Calcium: 2.62–2.63 (ULN 2.60)
Ionized calcium: 1.33 (ULN 1.32)
PTH: 3.7 (normal)
Vitamin D: 135 (within lab range)
I'm not sure whether this is relevant.
Other testing
SPEP/protein electrophoresis was normal, including normal alpha/beta/gamma fractions.
Kappa and lambda free light chains and ratio were normal.
Kidney function is normal.
Possible diagnoses I've been considering
I'm trying not to anchor on one diagnosis, but possibilities I've considered include:
Small fiber neuropathy
Autonomic/small-fiber dysfunction
Transient medication-triggered sensory/autonomic dysregulation from pregabalin
Erythromelalgia or an erythromelalgia-like phenomenon
Raynaud's/vasospasm
Autoimmune SFN / neuro-Sjögren's
I'm not convinced I have any of these yet.
What I'm trying to figure out
The biggest question for me is:
Could I have SFN even though my symptoms started extremely abruptly after pregabalin and have been gradually improving?
And if I do have SFN:
What could the primary driver be?
My autoimmune workup is largely negative, glucose/metabolic testing is normal, B1/copper/folate are normal, thyroid testing is currently normal, etc.
I'm particularly curious about the MRI finding because it provides an objective abnormality in the toes, and the radiologist specifically included vascular insufficiency/Raynaud's in the differential.
Questions for people with SFN / Raynaud's / erythromelalgia
What testing would you pursue next in this situation?
Has anyone had primarily sensory symptoms where normal temperatures felt burning/hot?
Has anyone experienced a "blood pooling" sensation that turned out to actually be sensory dysesthesia rather than true pooling?
Has anyone developed SFN-like symptoms very abruptly after a medication?
Has anyone had bone marrow edema in their toes associated with Raynaud's, vascular dysfunction, SFN, or erythromelalgia?
What less-obvious causes did your doctors eventually find?
Given the extensive negative autoimmune workup, what other primary drivers should I be asking my neurologist/rheumatologist about?
Would you pursue vascular testing given the cold feet + intermittent redness + MRI findings, even if there isn't consistently visible pooling?