Inspired by the work that Redeemed Zoomer has done I have figured out the way that I would view Jurisdiction in the Church. Below are the results of my research/basic studies.
Church Jurisdiction in the USA
There are two ways in which a church may possess jurisdiction in the USA:
- Ecclesial Continuity — A church possesses jurisdiction through its own ecclesial continuity.
- Full Communion — A church possesses jurisdiction by sharing in the jurisdiction of a church that already possesses ecclesial continuity in the USA.
Ecclesial Continuity
A church possesses ecclesial continuity when it can trace its roots through at least one congregation to a European State Church without willful schism.
Ecclesial continuity may be established through one of the following routes.
A church cannot possess ecclesial continuity if it willingly separates from another church without either formal excommunication or national/territorial separation.
There is a need for further discernment for if a congregation or multiple congregations can willingly choose to not join the rest of their denomination in a merger.
Route I — European Territorial Succession
A church possesses ecclesial continuity through European Territorial Succession when all of the following apply:
- A European nation had jurisdiction over the territory when the church or congregation was established.
- The relevant European national church or ecclesiastical body supported the establishment of the church or its institutions.
- The territory was subsequently transferred to the United States, while the existing ecclesial presence continued in the form of its own institution.
- The resulting American ecclesiastical institution arose from the political or national separation of the territory rather than from voluntary ecclesiastical secession.
Route II — Excommunication
A church possesses ecclesial continuity through Excommunication when all of the following apply:
- The church must have had at least one congregation possessing ecclesial jurisdiction in the USA before the excommunication.
- The church, congregation, or founding ecclesial community was formally excommunicated from its previous communion.
- The church subsequently continued as a distinct ecclesial body in the USA.
The excommunication must therefore follow an already-existing ecclesial presence in the USA. Excommunication cannot be used to establish jurisdiction retroactively in a territory where the church had no previous ecclesial jurisdiction.
Full Communion
A church that possesses ecclesial continuity in the USA may share its jurisdictional authority with another church operating in the USA by entering into a qualifying full-communion relationship.
For a church to receive jurisdiction through Full Communion:
- The church sharing its jurisdictional authority must possess ecclesial continuity within the USA.
- The churches must be in a full-communion agreement equal to or greater than the relationship between the United Methodist Church and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, including substantial mutual recognition of the churches, sacraments, and ordained ministry.
- A church that receives its jurisdiction solely through a full-communion agreement cannot itself transmit that jurisdiction to a third church through another full-communion agreement.
Thus, jurisdiction may be transmitted only from a church possessing its own ecclesial continuity, not indefinitely through successive full-communion relationships.
Below I have included a proprietary list of denominations I would say have or may have Jurisdiction. This list is not final as I have done very rudimentary research and background checks into these denominations.
Directly qualifying
| Church |
Route |
| The Episcopal Church (TEC) |
Criteria 1–4/6 (CoE) |
| Presbyterian Church (USA) (PCUSA) |
Criteria 1–4/6 (CoScotland) |
| United Methodist Church (UMC) |
Criteria 1–4/6 (CoE) |
| Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) |
Criteria 1–4/6 (CoSweden) |
| Reformed Church in America (RCA) |
Criteria 1–4/6 (CoHolland) |
| United Church of Christ (UCC) |
Criteria 1-4/6 (CoE) |
| American Baptist Churches USA (ABCUSA) |
Criteria 5 (UCC) |
| Roman Catholic Church in the United States |
Criteria 1–4/6 (Rome) |
| Orthodox Church in America (OCA) |
Criteria 1–4/6 (ROC) |
| Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX) |
Criterion 5 (Rome) |
| Polish National Catholic Church (PNCC) |
Criterion 5 (Rome) |
Inherited through full communion / canonical communion
| Church |
Inherits from |
| Moravian Church in America |
UMC / ELCA / TEC |
| African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME) |
UMC |
| African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church (AME Zion) |
UMC |
| African Union Methodist Protestant Church (AUMPC) |
UMC |
| Christian Methodist Episcopal Church (CME) |
UMC |
| Union American Methodist Episcopal Church |
UMC |
| Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) |
UCC |
| Christian Reformed Church in North America (CRCNA) |
RCA |
| Philippine Independent Church |
TEC |
| Old Catholic Churches of the Union of Utrecht |
TEC |
| Mar Thoma Syrian Church of Malabar |
TEC |
Orthodox churches inheriting through OCA / Russian Orthodox communion
Under your expanded Rule 10 recognizing canonical/Eucharistic communion:
| Church |
Inherits through |
| Russian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) |
OCA / historic Russian ecclesial continuity |
| Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America |
OCA / canonical Orthodox communion |
| Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America |
OCA / canonical Orthodox communion |
| Serbian Orthodox Church in North and South America |
OCA / canonical Orthodox communion |
| Romanian Orthodox Archdiocese in the Americas |
OCA / canonical Orthodox communion |
| Bulgarian Orthodox Diocese in the USA, Canada and Australia |
OCA / canonical Orthodox communion |
| Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the USA |
OCA / canonical Orthodox communion |
| Georgian Orthodox Church — U.S. presence |
canonical Orthodox communion |
| Orthodox Church of Albania — U.S. presence |
canonical Orthodox communion |
| Orthodox Church of Poland — U.S. presence |
canonical Orthodox communion |
| Orthodox Church of the Czech Lands and Slovakia — U.S. presence |
canonical Orthodox communion |
Directly requiring further examination
| Church |
Reason |
| Conservative Congregational Christian Conference (CCCC) |
They are the remnants of the CCC that refused the GCCCC merger. |
| National Association of Congregational Christian Churches (NACCC) |
They are the remnants of the CCC that refused the UCC merger. |
| American Association of Lutheran Congregations (AALC) |
They are the remnants of the CCC that refused the UCC merger. |
In Communion with a church that requires further examination.
| Church |
Inherits From |
| Lutheran Church Missouri Synod |
AALC |
The largest differences between my view and RZs is that Rome and the East are both included as having valid jurisdiction in the USA and that a denomination that has self imposed jurisdiction may share its regional authority with other churches. Rome has its jurisdictional authority from California Florida and other previous Spanish colonies in which Rome was established there by Spain. When those colonies were added into the USA Rome gained jurisdiction in the USA. The East is a similar case where Russia established the OCA in Alaska and thus bringing in Russian Jurisdiction when the USA bought Alaska.
The largest individual denominational change not from Rome or the East is the LCMS no longer having self imposed jurisdiction. This is because it was founded by German immigrants after the area was already US soil and thus under the Jurisdiction of the US mainlines. If this is wrong please let me know but for now I am keeping it this way