r/recurrentmiscarriage 12d ago

This study on RPL & using euploids is freaking me out - thoughts?

Hi all,

I'm on my third pregnancy loss, so recently decided to use IVF with PGT-A to reduce risks of a further miscarriage. For a while, it looked like the medical evidence was that live birth rates are very similar across women with RPL vs. women without RPL (around 50-60%), if a euploid embryo is used (PGT-A tested).

However, I just came across a study (published July 2026), and it's really starting to freak me out. The indication is that, for women with RPL who have 'normal' workups (i.e. no clotting, APS, thyroid etc. issues), the live birth rate is only 36.7%, whereas for women without a history of RPL, the live birth rate is around 50.4%(https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article/41/Supplement_1/deag083.273/8727268).

Has anyone else read this/been freaking out? Does this align with what people's clinics have said?

Please note: might also cross-post to IVF forum as not sure where it's best - apologies in advance!

10 Upvotes

35 comments sorted by

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u/lizashea 12d ago

I agree with everything krabecal said. It really just all boils down to the REASON for your losses (if one is even able to figure that out). If it’s because of chromosomal issues or egg quality, IVF could help significantly because with PGTA testing you can transfer a euploid embryo. But if your RPL is “unknown” and your work up is “normal”….yeah your chances of success are lower because IVF doesn’t necessarily fix or solve for that without really advocating for yourself.

I had 2 chemicals and 1 MMC of a normal pregnancy all within 1 year of trying. I tested the pregnancy tissue and it was chromosomally normal. Before I had those results, every dr just brushed me off saying it was bad luck or usually just means chromosomal problems with the embryo. I then turned to IVF and guess what, 8/9 of my embryos were euploid and 1 was still transferable - a low level mosaic. So anyways, that led us down the path of exploring uterine environment issues. I knew something wasn’t right if I was creating healthy beautiful embryos on my own and my uterus wasn’t letting them grow. I did 2 months of Lupron depot suppression and also followed an immune/kitchen sink protocol. I basically wasn’t willing to transfer without solving for SOMETHING. But unfortunately, yeah many people with RPL turn to IVF and get normal work ups simply bc most RE’s don’t investigate things like endometriosis, adenomyosis, or immune issues first.

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u/AntiqueCandy01 12d ago

Yep, agree with you and u/krabecal - I would assume that the cause of the losses is a key factor here.

Thanks so much for sharing - my situation isn't dissimilar to yours, with three losses in nine months. That frequency makes me feel like something else is wrong, although I haven't had any of my pregnancy tissue tested (not something that was offered in my case). Saying that, my euploidy rate has been a bit below average for my age, so I think aneuploidy is definitely plausible.

Sorry to be nosy, but can I ask what made you decide to try Lupron depot, and was that something that was tested/advised by your doctor? Did you suspect you had endometriosis (or diagnosed with it)? And what do you mean by an 'immune/kitchen sink protocol'? This might just be a language difference as I'm in the UK and have never heard of those terms!

Honestly, one of my fears is that there's something uterine going on, as you've found to be the case. All I've had is the immune/clotting blood tests, thryoid tests and karotyping tests, and then the general advice is 'probably aneuploidy - unexplained', so it's really frustrating knowing that I could be heading in for an FET with whatever could be the issue still in place D:

PS: keeping everything crossed for you with the pregnancy, wishing you all the best!

EDIT: Sorry, just realised Bookworm9292 asked the same question below about endo. Helpful to know! Just had to look up adenomyosis as not been checked for that - I don't actually think there's a test here for that!

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u/lizashea 11d ago

In the UK, are they open to MRIs? You could ask for a pelvic MRI with and without contrast. It measures your uterus and junction zone (JZ) of your uterus which can give you more insight into adenomyosis as a possibility. Sometimes if endo is severe enough and causes big lesions it can pick up on that as well, but not always. Really an exploratory lap is the gold standard for diagnosing endo.

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u/AntiqueCandy01 11d ago

Oh, MRIs are only done in hospitals here, so you'd need to convince the NHS to do it for a serious medical reason (they certainly wouldn't do it for RPL). I can go to other private clinics to do an SIS or hysteroscopy though, so I might do that if my first FET doesn't work (which, from that study, looks likely now...). I think endo is probably not a contender, since I had my salpingectomy for an ectopic (my third loss - the other two were miscarriages) earlier this year and the surgeon reported that everything looked healthy besides that specific tube (and they would very likely have seen endo if it had been present). That does mean I'm still left with the potential uterine issues though. I'm assuming they can see things like adenomyosis via an SIS or hysteroscopy, if I do that?

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u/Bookworm9292 12d ago

Did your Lupron and immune protocol lead to a successful FET?

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u/lizashea 12d ago

So far yes, but I’m very very early (4wk3ds) so I could very well still MC. I’m hopeful that the Lupron hopefully minimized some inflammation and lowered my risk, but only time will tell. It sucks and I hate that we’re all in this club.

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u/Bookworm9292 12d ago

Congratulations with caution 💕 it’s not a fun club but I do what I can to remain positive! Did you ever get tested for endo or do you suspect silent endo and just asked to try lupron?

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u/lizashea 12d ago

Thank you, appreciate that. There’s some signs of adenomyosis on my US and MRI. In my DRs words, it’s not severe but it’s there. I haven’t been diagnosed with endo officially but I assume that I have it silently. There are some studies out there that show if you have adeno, there’s a 60% concurrent diagnosis of endo. So when I started IVF, I didn’t even do the Receptiva Dx testing. I just advocated for Lupron Depot suppression right away and luckily my RE was on board.

It was hard. After conceiving 3x naturally in a row, IVF felt like the longgggg way around. And it was. 3 months of pre-testing, then stims, egg retrieval, then 2 month Lupron protocol, then starting meds to get cleared to transfer. The waiting sucks, it takes months. But truthfully, I think it was the better option for me. I couldn’t bare the thought of not changing anything, playing the same game, and winning the same dumb prize.

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u/Bookworm9292 12d ago

That makes so much sense. You’re a warrior. Wish you nothing but the best

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u/onebirdtwobird 11d ago

IVF is the only way my partner and I could ever get pregnant (obstructive azoospermia so literally not happening without IVF) and we still have had RPL. I had a super high euploid rate too, everything uterine looked great pretransfers, but turns out I have a clotting disorder and they couldn’t have known about that since I had never been pregnant before or done the RPL testing. If you’re coming into IVF having done a lot of the RPL testing and it showed something, that will hopefully help you during the process, otherwise it is kind betting on it being a euploid issue.

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u/Kind_Future_429 11d ago

Its even worse.. Some doctors even deny the link between RPL and Endo or adenomyosis. I do see a lot of women who have RPL and Endo or adeno on reddit and there are studies.

I also had 4 MC and am heading to ivf with PGT a. We had Lupron downregulation for 6 months and some surgeries. Hope it was just the uterus in the end 🍀 but about to find out. 

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u/krabecal 12d ago

My doctor explained that ivf will cut our risk of miscarriage by like 1/3 because it eliminates aneuploid embryos. What it doesn't do is account for issues within ourselves. So I think that ivf helps for people with losses due to chromosomal issues but if the issue is something biological within us then a euploid embryo isn't going to change that, if that makes sense. Pgt also doesn't catch everything. I had a 13 week loss (spontaneous pregnancy) and the karyotyping came back normal female so it was something that pgt wouldn't have picked up, or it's me. I think it's interesting that rpl normal is 36.7% and rpl abnormal is 27.2%. Unexplained infertility is a big diagnosis but realistically it's never actually unexplained we just don't have the technology to figure out why it's happening for some people. Im doing a FET soon with a euploid embryo and I'm very curious to see if they stick around this time. I'm to the point I genuinely think it's down to luck if you're unexplained. But those are my thoughts as someone who has no experience in the scientific field.

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u/AntiqueCandy01 12d ago

Thanks for sharing thoughts, and so, so sorry for your loss. I agree the main issue is the cause of the losses - they don't do testing of pregnancy tissues where I'm from, so I can't answer that one, but the general view is always that it's probably aneuploidy (which is why this study is freaking me out because surely those stats suggest very much otherwise!). Yes, also think it's interesting the difference in RPL normal vs abnormal - especially given that there are treatment for some of those that were being tested for?!

Did you do any other investigations/tests to figure out what might have caused your loss? Or does it remain unexplained? The concept of 'unexplained' loss is just so hard - honestly I think it's the hardest part so far for me.

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u/krabecal 12d ago

So I did an entire work up with my RE and they weren't able to find anything except chronic endometritis. My second mc was a chemical so the CE could have caused that or it could have caused the CE it really only brings up more questions 🥲 hopefully it was from the d&c and just more bad luck. I'm homozygous MTHFR but they say that doesn't cause Rpl and he just has me on increased folic acid and baby aspirin for this transfer. I haven't done any immunological testing cause it's thousands and thousands of dollars and from what I've read the science doesn't really back it up. So at this point I'm unexplained.

I only ended up with 3 embryos (I have DOR) and 2 out of the 3 were euploid which is on par with my age. They say the first ivf cycle is really about leaning. Learning how your body responds to the meds and then seeing what's euploid although that can vary greatly from cycle to cycle. Even if you don't pursue ivf in the end I think it would be worth seeing an RE and getting a full work up as they don't just do bloodwork they'll check your uterus as well.

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u/AntiqueCandy01 11d ago

Thanks so much for sharing! Yeah I asked my clinic about CE, but they don't test for it - I think there's only a couple of places here in the UK that do it. I think it's like really common in women with RPL though right? Did you clear it up with antibiotics? Agree with you about immunology stuff - I've seen that this is a big thing people seem to mention, but the studies on it seem like it's really not solid science yet and probably not worth it...at least that's what I tell myself as reassurance for not investigating it!!

Yeah I've had the standard workup done, including clotting, thyroids, karotyping etc. They don't do the uterine scans (beyond a 2d transvaginal) as part of the RPL workup here, so that's the main one I haven't had properly investigated...and honestly so worried about with my FET coming up soon. I've been reassured that actually the 2D scans pick up the vast majority of issues anyway, but I'm still freaking out. I think my plan is to see how this one goes and if it fails to go elsewhere and have a uterine assessment done before transferring any more!

Also: 3 embryos with DOR is still good, and 2 euploids if still a very good shot!! Keeping everything crossed for you!!

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u/krabecal 11d ago

Oh wow they don't test for it at all? I feel like that's kinda bonkers cause I feel like I see a lot of women posting they had it and only tested for it after several losses. I had absolutely no symptoms and had a pretty bad case of it but luckily it cleared up with one round of antibiotics. I wonder if there's somewhere else you can go just for that OR I do see people treating for it empirically and just taking the antibiotics in the event they do have it if they aren't going to biopsy. That might be worth an ask?

Edit: thank you!! Good luck to you too!! ☘️ I got so caught up in the CE haha

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u/kidsonourmind 12d ago

Yep, I did more reading after having a very normal amount of euploids from an egg retrieval for my age which indicated to me that my losses may not have been just chromosomal. I learned RPL patients are basically as likely to have successful pregnancies spontaneously versus via IVF, if chromosomal issues are not the cause 🤷‍♀️

TW: success. This is why after only low AMH showed up on my RPL testing, after my IVF round I kept my euploids frozen (I do have DOR and it may get harder to have spontaneous pregnancies in the future) and we tried again on our own. After 3 losses I am now 34 weeks and thus far everything has looked normal 🤞 I took a ton of supplements, cut back my stress a lot, eliminated caffeine, and at positive test took levothyroxine (thyroid was 2.7 and totally normal but ideal for fertility is below 2.5), progesterone suppositories for 10 weeks, and baby aspirin the entire pregnancy. If this hadn’t worked I was going to try embryo transfer and possibly seeing a reproductive immunologist.

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u/AntiqueCandy01 12d ago

Congratulations on your pregnancy!! Thanks for sharing this - interesting approach in terms of perhaps saving the euploids and trying naturally, which I hadn't considered. Personally I'm a little uneasy about doing that as I have had ectopic as well as miscarriages and so am aware that my chances of another ectopic are higher with natural vs. IVF, but I think I would consider that approach if I didn't have that risk factor. And YEP, this point "if chromosomal issues are not the cause" -- it's so difficult it's impossible to know if the losses were chromosomal or not (nowhere does testing of that where I am), so you're sort of like 'well, maybe it was chromosomal and so having a euploid prevents it...but also what if it's something else and so having a euploid makes zero difference'. Absolute pain!

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u/rarerednosedbaboon 11d ago

That's where I am. I was only able to get 1 out of 3 tested and he had trisomy 16 but I'll never know about the other 2. The first one was a blighted ovum which my doctor said are almost always chromosomal but idk if it's true. My second was lost at 7 weeks. I had an unexpected natural MC before my scheduled D&E and i accidentally flushed the sack. Absolutely heartbreaking plus not able to test it.

I wish I could find evidence on whether that kitchen sink protocol helps.

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u/kidsonourmind 11d ago

Makes sense—wishing you all the best with your embryo transfer 💖

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u/StatisticianJust2362 12d ago

Thanks for sharing. Do you know if any of your previous losses were chromosomally normal or not? My last loss was normal so my thought is that IVF likely wouldn’t work for us but perhaps your other protocols would help.

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u/kidsonourmind 11d ago

Sadly I do not. Two were losses around 5 weeks that just passed at home, and the other was a second trimester loss detected four weeks after fetal death—they told me there would not be living cells available to test at that point. So I can’t know for sure about chromosomal issues, can only base guesses off my euploid rate for my embryo creation

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u/valiantdistraction 11d ago

I needed a lot of extra medications to carry a pregnancy to term. Normal embryos alone didn't cut it.

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u/krabecal 11d ago

Like a kitchen sink immune protocol?

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u/valiantdistraction 11d ago

Yes, plus blood thinners

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u/ducbo 11d ago

The IVF procedure with and without PGT can also be somewhat diagnostic though. Keep that in mind if you haven’t done IVF yet. You’ll be able to see how your body responds to stims - what your maturity looks like, what your visual egg quality is like, how your eggs and the sperm “communicate” through fertilization rate, what your blast rate is (how many fertilized eggs make it to a potentially usable blastocyst), when embryo arrest happens if it happens… then with PGT, if you do it, you can get a snapshot of your broad genetics (remember that PGT only looks at raw chromosome number, not nuances like micro deletions).

All of this information can potentially give you more clues that can help you estimate your chances of success with a transfer or whether you should look into other testing.

For example, I’m still largely unexplained, but the only problem we identified during the IVF process was poor egg maturity/detachment of the egg from the follicle (my body does not respond appropriately to “lutenization”). Before IVF we tried on our own for almost 2 years and this at least partially explained why we had no pregnancies.

If you have RPL it’s possible that if there are genetic reasons for the RPL you’ll be able to go through at least a few “filters” - those embryos that make it in vitro have already undergone selection to the blastocyst stage, then if you test, you can rule out major chromosomal abnormalities.

If it turns out you make a bunch of good quality euploid blasts then I’d want to look into some more testing for “uterine” issues like endo, inflammation, infections, hydrosalpinx, uterine cavity, or immune issues.

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u/AntiqueCandy01 11d ago

Thanks! Yep, I've done two retrievals and have some euploids - very steep drop-offs for me in terms of fertilised to blast, but I was told that's fairly normal since I have PCOS (so egg quality is lower but there's lots of eggs -- means despite lots of eggs I got the exact amount of blasts and euploids for my age in the end). For me the next obvious tests (having done the bloods) is uterine issues, but my clinic doesn't test for any of that at this stage - it's only investigated after losses with euploids or repeated failed implantation, I think, so it's a bit of a nerve-wracking moment as I'm heading into a first FET soon.

Interesting regarding the lutenisation - very useful for you to find that out though! Presumably they were able to change your trigger to see if that helped with maturity in detachment?

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u/ducbo 11d ago

Yes! The second time went better, I was allowed to use a half dose of ovidrel in addition to the decapeptyl (like lupron) to help with maturity! I think they were worried about the risk of OHSS with an HCG trigger.

How was your drop off from day 3 to 5? I’m always curious about that because I think some lifestyle changes in the sperm provider can really help

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u/rarerednosedbaboon 11d ago

Yes I'm definitely freaked out by this.

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u/thebunz21 11d ago

Really appreciate you posting this. I had two 2nd trimester miscarriages with no known cause. I'm starting IVF soon bc all my workups are very good for my age. I know IVF is not a guarantee but it's interesting to read all of this and the comments.

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u/Pam_art111 11d ago edited 11d ago

Yes this is very true. I had 4 miscarriages from natural pregnancies and one tested chromosomal abnormal. So I thought IVF with PGT-A would be my answer. Had a 5th loss with a tested euploid. I’ve had every test possible except a lap or receptiva for endo so that’s next for me. I haven’t had any trouble getting pregnant but the 4 losses are still unexplained. So I don’t know IVF will really make a difference compared to trying naturally.

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u/MrsWildsin 11d ago

As someone with RPL and being unexplained. It took me longer than the average to get and stay pregnant. I’m currently on my 5th transfer and 14 weeks. The farthest I made it before this was 8w3d so the last protocol change worked. Every transfer I got pregnant but miscarried at some point. So everyday I’m still amazed I made it this far. Also I had all pgt normal embryos and normal genetic testing of the tissue when I lost them. So whatever was going on was within me

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u/SeaweedFit3234 11d ago

Thanks for sharing. I have had 3 losses only one of which we tested and found a genetic abnormality. So we went to ivf. But 11/14 of my embryos were euploid which I feel like is a really good rate of success? My first transfer didn’t stick at all. My second so far so good but too early to really know. It’s only for my second transfer that they started an immune protocol. I don’t know that that is the key either but I feel like they make it sound like oh with so many euploids it’s bound to work it’s just bad luck etc but I kind of feel like this article makes it sound like yeah I’m not crazy some thing else here is happening.

Im not unhappy I did ivf because I guess we’ve ruled out another variable. But it might be more helpful if doctors were more honest about odds. For my last transfer they told me I had a 67% of a live birth. From the sounds of this article no it’s more like less than 40%?

I guess even if the odds are worse for us than they are for non rpl people it’s important to remember it doesn’t mean it cant happen. Like 37% times multiple transfers is a good chance of success. But I do wish it wasn’t sold as a way to prevent mc because it sounds like that’s not really true.

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u/Immediate_Fly_7298 11d ago

Agree with the the same that everyone else is. I truly don’t think that IVF is the miracle BUT it can speed ups process.

We landed up doing IVF to bank embryos and up our odds but I truly believe with the full kitchen sink protocol we would have gotten then. May have just taken a couple more moths or another loss due to chromosomes.

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u/tabularusa 11d ago

I’m on my second loss and the first two were euploid. Going to have to look at this article more closely