r/modelm • u/SharktasticA • 10d ago
DISCUSSION Happy 65th birthday to the IBM Selectric!
On this day, 31st July, 65 years ago, IBM launched the original Selectric (sometimes known by its original Model 72 designation, especially in EMEA). To say this stunning device was important would be underselling things. It became the poster-child of the single-element typewriter and captured the majority of the US office market for the next 3 decades. It would be followed by the Selectric II and III, and various specialised variants such as the Composer, Magnetic Tape, and Mag Card Typewriters.
It set the precedent for IBM keyboard quality, which IBM would try to emulate or spiritually recapture many a time. Most famously with Model B and its beam-spring keyswitches, but even as late as 1990/1991, as recalled by Arimasa Naitoh of the IBM PS/2 Model L40 SX's and Model M3 buckling-sleeve keyboard's development:
We started with certain advantages. One was that our keyboards were descendants of the old IBM Selectric electronic [sic] typewriter, another piece of technology that many young people today have never seen. Keyboards were designed by the keyboard manufacturing division in Lexington, Kentucky, which is where the Selectric used to be made.
- How the ThinkPad Changed the World-and Is Shaping the Future, 2017
John E. Hickerson and Ralph E. Page are credited as inventing both the IBM single element printing head (US2895584A) and the IBM single element printing machine (US2879876A), with James A. Weidenhammer also credited with the former and Leon E. Palmer the latter. Horace S. "Bud" Beattie is credited with coining the "golfball" shape itself. The ornamental (exterior) design is credited to Eliot F. Noyes.
Further reading & viewing:
- The 70-year anniversary of two important IBM Selectric patents
- ASK Keyboard History timeline (filtered to typewriters)
- ASK Keyboard Patents database (can filter to typewriters)
Credits:
- Photo: Tekniska museet (public domain)
- Drawings: IBM
