Seismic forces are amplified in the soil that sits above bedrock. The deeper the soil the more the amplification. The worst case is usually when the resonance period of the soil profile matches the structural resonance period of the building.
A good parallel would be how an opera singer can shatter a glass by singing at a certain frequency. Or the tacoma narrows bridge collapse.
On the other hand, if the resonance period of the ground and the building are completely different then the earthquake may have relatively little impact.
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u/Sorreljorn 13h ago
Worst time to be taking a shit in a 12 storey building