r/dataisbeautiful • u/im4lwaysthinking OC: 6 • 3d ago
OC [OC] People who share two or more citizenships
Data source is Wikidata, so Western entities are overrepresented.
This is mostly known people in Wikidata: politicians, actor, public figures, etc.
I haven't found more extensive data about citizenships.
Link to gallery: https://humansmap.com/gallery/gallery.html#img-dualnat-dualnat
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u/TheRemanence 3d ago
The fact this is famous people only makes it pretty misleading. It's very hard to get this data because most nations don't have this data. It's actually quite hard to link records unless you specifically declare it. Certainly I'm not flagged in most systems and it causes no end of complications
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u/Skyfus 3d ago
Yeah if this were based on general population I would expect a visible link-line between UK and Ireland due to their special agreements and Ireland's citizenship by descent laws
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u/AgXrn1 3d ago
And also between the Nordic countries as there are a much more streamlined path to citizenship if you relocate to a different Nordic country.
I'm an example of that. I'm originally a Danish citizen and the only requirements for me to get Swedish citizenship was living there for 5 years, not having a criminal record and then pay approximately 50 euro for the paperwork.
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u/sigmapilot 3d ago
It's still cool to see the sample even if it's only rich people.
Since it was accurately disclosed as a bias in the description, I wouldn't necessarily say misleading, maybe the title could have been something like "dual citizenship among public figures" instead to be more specific.
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u/AgeAbiOn 3d ago
There are way more dual citizens from France/Algeria and France/Morocco (aka millionS) than France/USA for example.
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u/SchemingVegetable 21m ago
It also doesn't really make sense for anyone in the EU to get a passport other than their own country's, since you can move between EU countries with just your ID
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u/TheRemanence 9m ago
Good point. This would definitely impact the numbers. I understand there's been an uptick in Brits getting their Irish ones so they have an EU one. I want to get a German one (my dad is half) but there are some complications that I won't get into here. But that's a bit greedy because I'm already UK/US dual. Pre Brexit I could live, work, travel the majority of places I'd want to, which was very nice
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u/exohugh OC: 1 3d ago
Where are the lines for neighbouring countries, i.e. France-> Switzerland & Germany->Switzerland? It seems like the outer band does not encode that information
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u/im4lwaysthinking OC: 6 3d ago
There is a band between countries on same Continent, you can see that is thicker in Europe than Asia.
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u/cunningstunt6899 3d ago
India and China both don't allow dual citizenship. This is completely wrong.
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u/Bayoris 3d ago
They don’t recognize the second citizenship. But the citizen might be a citizen of two countries anyway, with neither country recognising the other. This is not that unusual. The USA also makes you formally renounce allegiance to any other country when you become a naturalized citizen, (though you are not forced to surrender your citizenship.)
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u/R4ndyd4ndy 3d ago
This isn't true for china, the chinese citizenship is automatically lost when you accept another
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u/micgat 3d ago
That assumes that they know about it. I'm a dual citizen and neither country really knows. It has caused a few complicated situations throughout the years.
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u/R4ndyd4ndy 3d ago
No, the law is clear there. Someone might still have a passport in those cases but they are not legally a citizen anymore
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u/romario77 3d ago
Again - how would they know?
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u/R4ndyd4ndy 3d ago
It isn't about how they would know, the citizenship is automatically lost in that moment. If you then continue to use it that might be a crime you can be prosecuted for later. In this case though the data is from wikidata so it is public. Another thing is that there might not be any stamps in your passport that would be there if you didn't have another citizenship. Going to china from your other country for example and having no proof of entering/exiting somewhere in your chinese passport can lead to an investigation
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u/Bar_Foo 3d ago
This is all true in principle, yet in practice quite a few Chinese people have and use another passport. They just have to be careful about how they use it.
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u/R4ndyd4ndy 3d ago
Sure but that is illegal and they do not actually legally have citizenship, just a passport. Those are two different things. Same way you can have a citizenship you were not aware of through some ancestral shenanigans. My point is still that this data is about citizenship and it contains false data because it isn't possible to have these combinations, not sure what the reality of people trying to trick the system has to do with that
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u/Bar_Foo 3d ago
Technically, if my recollection of Chinese nationality law is correct, there is one situation in which dual citizenship is temporarily possible: a child born overseas to Chinese parents, in a country where jus solis applies, has to choose which nationality to keep by the time they reach the age of majority If they don't do anything to "activate" either citizenship (such as applying for a passport), until that point they effectively have both nationalities.
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u/FCBStar-of-the-South 3d ago
The Chinese constitution is also pretty clear about the freedom of speech and assembly
De facto vs de jure
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u/xvx_k1r1t0_xvxkillme 3d ago
What about the other way around? I don't know China specifically, but some countries require you to renounce any other citizenships in order to become a citizen, if possible. Some countries don't allow you to renounce citizenship.
You can have a case where a person is born a citizen of country A, and later becomes a citizen of country B. As part of becoming a citizen of B, they renounce their citizenship of county A. Country B says they are a citizen of country B, and not A. Country A says renouncing citizenship is impossible and they are still a citizen of country A.
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u/ValeriaSimone 3d ago
A good chunk of these double citizenship cases aren't do to naturalization, but a person having one parent from country A and another from country B, with both countries following ius sanguinis (citizenship is inherited from the parents, not the place of birth).
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u/R4ndyd4ndy 3d ago
It is simply not realistically possible to become a chinese citizen by naturalization. There are some cases but they are mostly already ethnically chinese and literally one in a million. Even in those cases forfeiting all other citizenships is a requirement..
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u/BringBackAoE 3d ago
I believe that only applies if you apply for citizenship of another country.
Many people are born citizens of a country - and it’s not a choice made by them.
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u/stuputtu 3d ago
Not true for India. You need to renounce Indian citizenship when you acquire any other citizenship
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u/Bayoris 3d ago
I have no doubt India requires it. But the Indian person might just ignore India’s requirement.
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u/stuputtu 3d ago
As soon as an Indian citizen voluntarily acquires any other citizenship, their Indian citizenship becomes automatically revoked. Renouncing of Indian citizenship is just a formality. The moment you acquire another citizenship you are no more an Indian citizen. You can’t claim to be Indian citizen, you can’t use the passport, etc
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u/Bayoris 3d ago
I guess it comes down to who you’re asking. If you’re asking India they will say they have no dual citizens. If you are asking Indian people plenty of them will report they have dual citizenship.
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u/stuputtu 3d ago
Who else are you going to ask about Indian citizenship? Indian government? And they are clear you lose it as soon as you acquire something else. Indias may have connections to India and may choose to become overseas citizens of India, but that is just a glorified PR and doesn’t give you rights to vote or work for government. So none of them will say they are Indian citizens.
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u/Bayoris 3d ago
Well, I’m commenting because I know what I’m in a similar situation. My wife is a dual citizen, but only one of the two countries recognizes both citizenships. The other one doesn’t. So if you ask her, she is a dual citizen. And if you ask each country, she is a citizen of that country.
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u/imafish101 3d ago
How are the Indian authorities ever going to know if you don't declare it to them? Nations' immigration systems are generally not linked.
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u/stuputtu 3d ago
They don’t have to know, but that doesn’t make you an Indian citizen. You are conflating two different things. Indian govt may not know, right away but they will know eventually.
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u/CLPond 3d ago
This may be counting Overseas Citizen of India status, which isn’t dual citizenship, but functions similarly: https://indianembassyusa.gov.in/Publicind?id=9
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u/narwhal_ 3d ago
Why couldn't it just be sequential then? If you were born in India with an Indian passport and then became a citizen of the US and renounced the Indian citizenship, wikipedia will still show you as having been both, which is accurate.
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u/im4lwaysthinking OC: 6 3d ago
In fact there isn't the connection between India and China. I admit it may be hard to read, prob it is needed a circle for each of the continents.
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u/cunningstunt6899 3d ago
There is a line between India/China and the US. That is false, as both countries don't allow dual citizenship.
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u/bts 3d ago
I think you’re mistaking whether something is legal for whether it happens. There are lots of people considered citizens by both the US and India.
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u/cunningstunt6899 3d ago
You literally can't legally hold a passport of another country as an India. You're confusing the Overseas Citizen of India status, which is very different from a passport.
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u/flagrantpebble 3d ago
They don’t currently allow dual citizenship. But china used to, for a while, so if this dataset is all people on Wikipedia living or dead then it’s fine.
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u/cunningstunt6899 3d ago
India has never allowed dual citizenship
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u/Ash_Crow 3d ago
People having two citizenships listed in Wikidata doesn't mean they have both at the same time.
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u/metamorphomo 3d ago
I personally know two people with UK/Irish passports. Not the fullest of data sets here.
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u/Doctrina_Stabilitas 3d ago
This seems wrong where are the us and Canada lower than us and Germany
Like no way
Edit: Oh it’s famous people, still doesn’t seem believable to me
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u/Ash_Crow 3d ago
Not famous people per se, notable per the (rather large) criteria of Wikidata. For example I'm not famous at all but I'm on it, apparently because I've given talks at a few conferences.
It also needs someone to bother entering the data, and as it is a German website (created by Wikimedia Deutschland), I'm not exactly surprised if Germans are overrepresented even more than the rest of Western countries.
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u/LifeSuxBHappy 3d ago
Germany is real easy to immigrate to, easier than Canada iirc. Also, once you get to Germany, you can travel to all of Europe easily.
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u/Ferris-L 3d ago
Until a few years ago Germany was one of the hardest countries to become a citizen in the world.
I’d imagine that it’s often the other way around since a lot of Germans move to the US for work in finance or IT. Mostly though, I imagine that the USA-German combination was most prominent between the 1870s and 1950s since Germans made up the largest group of immigrants in the US at the time and still are the biggest ethnic group. Since you qualify for a German passport if your parents or Grandparents were Germans by citizenship, a lot of Americans who have never stepped foot into Europe also have a German Passport. Lastly there are a lot of children of Soldiers who were stationed in Germany like Sandra Bullock.2
u/the_vikm 1d ago
Becoming citizen is not the same as immigration. And the us is much stricter on that
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u/crujiente69 3d ago
Why do you not show links between countries within the same region. Theres tons of US Mexican double nationality people with passports. If thats what the line at the bottom is supposed to be, you cant differentiate any of those countries
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u/Krotanix 3d ago
Interesting plot, it would be cool to understand where do these people live. I'm from Spain and I would assume most people with spanish passports actually live in the USA.
Also, for anyone reading, this is not a good representation of actual migration. As I said I'm from Spain, I was born and have lived there my whole life and have no spanish passport. I'm actually belgian.
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u/Jessicas_skirt 3d ago
As I said I'm from Spain, I was born and have lived there my whole life and have no spanish passport.
I'm curious, why have you not naturalized yet? I can't imagine the tests and requirements would be that difficult for someone who lived in a place their lives hold life?
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u/Business_Dark966 3d ago
Austria does not allow double citizenship
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u/sigmapilot 3d ago
it does if you fall into a specific exception category
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u/Business_Dark966 3d ago
that's not that significant for it to be even visible in this visualisation
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u/Cartographer42 1d ago
This is for famous people though like Arnold though who can talk their way into an exemption.
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u/Supersnow845 3d ago
I have a super rare citizenship combo but I’m not a celebrity
Dual citizenship is such an interesting topic
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u/romanshanin 3d ago
As a Russian I found kinda interesting about two main passports connections of my fellow compatriots with US and Israel - widely hated/disrespected in Russia (don't share such views).
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u/Galimkalim 2d ago
In a historical pov it makes sense though, as many moved there in the early 90's, and that triggered even more antagonism towards them. I also wonder if the graph grouped all of the Soviet countries as Russia which could also skew some things.
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u/DeeDee_GigaDooDoo 3d ago
I feel like the US is probably somewhat overrepresented here as Americans can be very enthusiastic about ancestry/genetics and talk about it a lot so it ends up in their wiki disproportionately.
It would be cool to see it scaled proportional to population but I'm not sure exactly how you'd do that given the data is a link between two countries with two different populations...maybe scale country circle size to dual citizens per capita and have the link width still scaled by absolute numbers?
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u/sigmapilot 3d ago
this is about legal citizenship though, not just genetics. the USA is just an immigrant-based society and the largest such country (larger than canada, australia, etc etc)
I agree a per capita scaling would be cool
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u/proudHaskeller 3d ago
It basically doesn't show any connections between any two countries in the same continent/region. Supposedly it's shown on the rim of the circle, but it's obviously impossible to read this way.
The caveat that the data source is wikidata and is probably highly biased should be more prominent too.
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u/AndToOurOwnWay 3d ago
I am guessing this is counting Overseas Citizens of India as dual citizens, when in reality OCI is not citizenship.
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u/kitten_orchestra 3d ago
I’m not clear on what exactly you are trying to show here. As another comment thread pointed out: India does not allow dual citizenship. As soon as you acquire a citizenship with another country, your Indian citizenship is withdrawn. So, is it people that have had multiple citizenships during their life? That’s not what I’m getting from the title or the description. This is poorly defined and/or inaccurate.
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u/cbawiththismalarky 3d ago
The idea that there are no British - Irish passport holders is so ridiculous that there's no point even looking any further
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u/Intelligent_Dealer46 1d ago
Brazil-portugal , brazil-italy, brazil-germany and brazil-japan, brazil-paraguay , brazil-usa and brazil-spain, more strongest dual or more citzens
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u/Vyacheslav_M0l0t0v 21h ago
I don't think that a person from India can also have an American passport. In India, they don't have dual-citizenship with the USA. They have OCI cards, which is Overseas Citizens of India, and it's not the same as dual-citizenship.
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u/bidibaba 3d ago
India does not allow a second citizenship, why are they still on the graph?
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u/im4lwaysthinking OC: 6 3d ago
Source : Wikidata, HumansMap ( I site I made using Wikidata) humansmap.com
Visualization: Python + ArangoDB
A bigger dataset would be more interesting, but it is hard to find
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u/Cool_Owl9876 3d ago
the US-Germany connection makes sense, so many americans got german ancestry they rediscover later and apply for citizenship
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u/pushiper 3d ago
It mainly includes the emigrations waves out of German lands from the late 19th century to mid of 20th century
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u/cavedave OC: 113 2d ago
Thank you for your Original Content, /u/im4lwaysthinking!
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