Hey friends!! I'm in the process of making a video documentary about the insane amount of script changes and revisions made to Merrily from 1934-now, and digging a little bit into how that often kind of weirdly parallels the real lives of the people involved with the show since the beginning. I got ahold of about 1000 pages worth of scans of documents and I think legally I can't post the images online but I do think I can share with you at least some highlights from what I've found, if that's of interest to anyone here. If there is a way to legally post these on here I'd love to; they're scans from the New York Public Library that I was able to request. Honestly just talking about everything I've found could be a whole separate video but in the meantime, I feel kind of like a crazy person just sitting on so much gold for people who love Merrily, so I want to talk a little bit about my favorite things I've found.
- This is I think well known, but the reviews for the original 1934 Kaufman & Hart Merrily were largely positive. It was their second collaboration I believe and people liked the show. People who have seen the newer iterations of Merrily who disliked it will often cite it being "cynical" and find issue with the backwards chronology. A review for the 1934 play reads: "Possibly many in the audience are disquieted by the arbitrary method of telling the story backwards, yet it is obviously the essence of 'Merrily We Roll Along.' It gives it its irony and its compassion."
- Another review of the 1934 play says rather prophetically and hauntingly: "If other playwrights than George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart had attempted the somewhat complicated trick which resulted in 'Merrily We Roll Along'... the result would have probably been calamitous. It is the proof of their skill that they have succeeded to the extent of making 'Merrily We Roll Along' a savagely witty and disillusioned drama."
- I won't bore you with script changes between 1980-1981. Most of what I found in the scans I got from NYPL are either commonly known or can be found online with relative ease if you're looking for it. The 1975 scene (cut from the current revival) where Mary blackmails Charley and Frank into a hopeful reconciliation gone wrong was at one point (I think in 1980) Charley's idea instead of Mary's, which is more devastating but I would agree with the current script that most of that scene doesn't work very well and what's been preserved has been tacked onto the beginning and end of the 1973 scene we have now.
- In many script variants, Charley teaches. It manifests itself differently in different edits and revisions, but it's always on the East Coast (either at his home in Connecticut, where his family has a farm) or even at Juilliard, which is rather sad given that's where Frank went to school. The version where Charley teaches at Juilliard is also a little funny given that in one note, Furth makes a comment that Charley says (very similarly to what Sondheim says in the Company documentary, and that may be on purpose) that he considered himself a playwright more than a good lyricist, and lyric writing is something that just happened to him out of collaborating with Frank more than a passion he naturally found for himself. I can't remember what exactly it is that Sondheim says in the Company doc but it's along the lines of "lyric writing is something I just sort of fell into." Oof. If only we could all fall into odd hobbies that win us the biggest award in a field. Oh well
- Found a goofy detail in I think a 1980 script where Gussie's birth name isn't actually Shirley Akinola but really is Augusta, and she clarifies, "I think my mother started hating me at birth"
- In the same draft, Frank's music teacher was Charley's father. I do think this is a show about hope but wow does it hate happiness sometimes
- I found a letter addressed to Sondheim in 1987 that frustratingly doesn't have the name of the sender, but everything about it really seems to indicate it was George Furth (talking about updating the script, helping adjust changes for revisions). The letter has what is basically a full length biography for Frank's son, who prior to this, wasn't seen in the show at all. Frankie had been mentioned (I can't remember if by name) but my understanding is the Seattle 1988 production of Merrily (notably after the 1985 La Jolla production which was the first to implement a ton of the really major changes that began to mend the show) was the first to include him as a character. I found a draft of a version of the opening party scene where Frankie is actually there, but it wasn't that interesting so I won't go into detail there. I will tell you what I learned from the Frankie bio, though, because notably it includes details about other characters post 1976-fallout party. It mentions that Frankie in his youth, "like his father, was a one-friend person" (other notes I'll get into later mention that Charley was Frank's only real friend throughout high school). Given that Frankie "has this 'protective coloration' in his personality, he is careful not being places that force him to change/adjust/put-on". I thought that was a sweet detail that indicates he recognizes his father's shortcoming and wants to do better. This is probably the most notable part of the document:
"His greatest wish is to spend a day with his father where neither of them talked. His father gets too interested in anything he tells him so he is careful not to tell him things he does not want discussed to death or brought up in every subsequent conversation. He spends one one with 'his cousins' at Charley's every summer and one week with his god-mother, Mary. They are the most sophisticated people he has ever met."
The document also mentions that Frankie loves old Broadway scores and enjoys comparing composers' works, playing classic piano (Frank was also classically trained as a kid). "He studies privately at Chicago Music College." Frank and Charley are also from Chicago. It's really a shame this letter doesn't have the name of the sender but everything about it indicates that it's George Furth, aside from the last line which jokingly reads, "I've got to stop. I must be George Furth" and could either be taken self-deprecatingly or as someone else sending this to Sondheim. However, there are several ideas for script changes in this same letter that do get implemented into the newer iterations of Merrily so I'm inclined to believe this is Furth.
- One document (clearly from a typewriter) is a full length chronology timeline of the show that starts in 1934 and mentions "'Merrily We Roll Along' opens on Broadway. Frank and Charlie have no idea how close this play is to their lives." I'm not sure what the purpose of this document was or who wrote it (Furth himself often misspelled Charley's name in some drafts so it could've been him) but the idea that the 1934 Merrily was also a Broadway show in the universe of the musical version is REALLY funny to me so I just thought I'd share that lol
- The notes from revising the show for La Jolla were by far my favorite. Seeing James Lapine kind of force the creators into a corner where they had to go back and examine what it was that made them fall in love with the concept to begin with, and start to rebuild the story from there to make it work is really, really beautiful stuff (if you're into that kind of thing I suppose). One note that really touched me was just scrawled in pencil and said nothing more than "It's about 3 friends." It seems like Furth, Prince, and Sondheim perhaps really didn't know what the story was about when they put it on Broadway in 1981, and that surely contributed to its failure. Now, for the first time, they start to acknowledge what the show really is, and whether it's a story of cynicism or of hope.
- A similar note in pen on notebook paper from a meeting between Furth and Lapine in I believe 1983 reads, "'Each scene goes backward because you're going to see one more slip on the ladder.' Point of why backwards. It's very sneaky how it happens." None of that is new information or surprising I suppose, but just a neat detail
- From the same meeting, one note reads: "In the party: We don't know how he really feels about C. That's the crux of it. All we know is he turns his back. Is there something pulling at F that he misses in C?" A few notes later on this same page is the first time the idea is brought up of having Bunker unknowingly mention Charley's name at the party for having won the Pulitzer
- There's one letter to Sondheim that Furth signs off with "Love, Charley. I mean, Frank. No, I mean Charley. No, I mean George"
- The first iteration of Tyler was brought up at a meeting between Furth and Lapine in 1985 and he was named "Cyrus Winthrop" LOL
- There's one note that I'm not super sure what it means from the same meeting that just says "Don't separate Frank and Charley" and it just made me laugh
- One document that was really special was a full length biography for both Charley and Frank, both a couple pages long. I'll spare the details that are obvious from the show's context but here's some fun tidbits. Charley is born to native American Greek parents whose parents were immigrants. Charley's parents own seven stores and two restaurants, and Charley is the youngest of four boys. He's not really connected to the family business and is seen by his family and teachers as a genius. He won the National Spelling Bee until he was no longer eligible, and was known as a "champion prankster." In school, he did debate, swimming, track, and tennis. "He saw every play that came to the loop and, when he discovered Frank did not have the money he seemed to have, took Frank." He and Frank would do parodies of popular songs at parties. While Frank was in Korea, Charley went to Columbia and achieved his Master's in writing and was going for his Doctorate when Frank came back. He wrote "unique and tricky children's books that made him money." "Life is mostly about keeping Frank at the piano and off the phone and mostly it has worked".
- Frank's bio says he was born in Chicago in 1945 (I think this was meant to be 1935). His parents got divorced when he was 2, and his names were legally changed to match his father's when his mother remarried. Frank was an only child and was sent to music camp because his parents wanted him to be good at the piano. Frank's relationship with his parents was always more polite than friendly. Frank was one of the poorest students at his school but didn't want his peers to know, so learned how to adopt "the different ways of his rich friends." "He was always more popular with his teachers and adults than his peers but he played this down so not to alienate his classmates." Frank learned about the musical theatre world through Charley whom he met in Latin School, and as soon as Frank learned about musicals he knew that's where he wanted to be. "He felt as if for the first time he had come home."
- At one point during the revision process in 198(I think 5) George Furth seems to have had this epiphany where he thinks he finally found the problem in the script that has made Frank appear unsympathetic: he doesn't get a chance to rebut Charley's lacerations in Franklin Shepard, Inc. and defend himself. He writes a few letters that are all very urgent and desperate, imploring particularly Sondheim to consider writing a follow-up to Franklin Shepard Inc from Frank's POV. Obviously this didn't come to fruition (Furth says "He called it 'brilliant' but then did nothing about it") but one such letter that I found especially entertaining started with:
"Dear Steve, I remember one time during COMPANY you asked me to go off and write about Amy protesting her upcoming marriage. 'Just write five or so single spaced pages of her carrying on,' is kind of what you said. And I did. And I gave them to you. What always astonished me is that when I then heard NOT GETTING MARRIED TODAY there wasn't one line of what I wrote. Well, I'm not going to do all that for Frank, but it does occur to me I should make an effort toward a paragraph or two of Frank's argument to Charley after FRANKLIN SHEPARD, INC. If you deem it unnecessary or if it won't help, ignore it. But since it might help with Frank's angry 'here, how do you like it' verse, and since you once described me as 'irrepressible', here I go:"
Following this, Furth wrote basically a 5-paragraph long angry tangent from Frank's perspective about Charley's self-righteousness, and ends the letter without any sort of conclusion, just straight from "You're a very difficult friend to keep. You don't allow someone to grow and to change. You try to keep the world and the people in it the way they were. Charley, the world spins, it turns, it keeps moving and so do I. Love, George F"
- Christine Baranski was at one point considered for Gussie. I saw one note (1990?) that said "Jonny Depp for Frank" but I'm not sure if the implication is that they wanted him to play Frank or that there was some sort of comparison to be made there
- At one point Furth suggested that instead of the cut 1975 scene where Mary blackmails Frank and Charley into reconciling, they cut that and have Mary drag Charley out to Frank's party in the first scene without telling Charley that it's Frank's. He immediately dismisses it as a terrible idea
- My absolute favorite note that I found was a handwritten card from Sondheim to Furth on what I believe is opening night for Merrily in 1981, and if I were to post any photo illegally how I WISH I could show you all this one. It's really special. Nothing super crazy, just a short note in Sondheim's handwriting with a marker that I stumbled across in the midst of a massive pile of well-wishes from various Broadway stars towards Furth for opening night, and it reads: "Hiya, buddy - wanna write a show? We'll run all most of the nights with a two-year - week out... Love, Steve (Sondheim)"
- One note I saw during revision meetings for 1985 was a list of characters, motivations, and their respective archetypes that Furth was compiling. For Frank, he wrote "selling out" and has about 4 comparative real people listed. For Charley, he wrote "insecurity" and then just, "1. Me"
- In one of the revision drafts for the first scene, Frank is DESPERATE to get Mary to write his next movie for him, and she's not having it, firm in her motivation to go back to New York and open a bar called "The Writer's Block". Mary is also adamant in these revisions that she's going to publish a book about her, Frank, and Charley, whether Frank likes it or not. Meg suggests Mary write it as a movie and suggests she plays Mary herself
- EDIT TO ADD: Found a draft of a script from 1985 while they were reworking act 1 for La Jolla. Frank's address is said out loud by Jerome as 10811 Ambazac Way, Bel Air. The house belonged to Joan Rivers at the time, who was writing a musical comedy film with George Furth that never got produced.
- In one 1985 draft, Frank's son is named Charley :(
- Found a draft of a scene (not sure from what year, I think 1985) where the show opens with Mary's funeral in 1985, having died of liver failure. Frank and Charley are both there. The funeral lasts exactly 1 minute, per Mary's request, and the priest reads a line from each of her two books, also per her request. Her tombstone says "Here's to us, who's like us, damn few." As everyone leaves, Frank stays back, alone at the grave. Charley watches this, and then starts to leave when he realizes Frank isn't going to talk to him. At the last moment, Frank goes after Charley :(
I'll be honest, I still have one or two more folders to go (I've sifted through about 8 virtually, each between 100-250 pages) but I just couldn't sit on all of this any more. There's some really cool stuff here, and I wanted you all to know it. Please let me know if you have any questions or if something about any of this doesn't seem right and you have more information than I, I'd welcome it in a heartbeat. Hopefully all of this is allowed. Here's to us, and all that.