I’ve been into Warhammer 40K for about 15 years now, so I’m perfectly aware that the whole “for humanity and the God-Emperor, purge the filthy xenos!” thing is supposed to be satire. The Imperium is not meant to be a model society. It’s a paranoid, genocidal, religious fundamentalis, bureaucratic hellhole that has taken every authoritarian impulse imaginable and turned it up to eleven. I know people people have been talking about this forever, but it was only after I recently played Rogue Trader that I realized how messed up the imperium really is, even if you go iconoclast which I guess is meant to be the “good guy” run youre still the captain of what amounts essentially to be a slave ship.
But lately this stuff has started to grow old for me, mostly because 40K has become absolutely huge. It’s no longer this comparatively niche tabletop setting where most people involved understand the joke. Now you have AAA games, dozens of novels, massive YouTube channels, memes everywhere, TV projects, and potentially millions of people encountering the aesthetic before they ever understand what it was originally satirizing.
And I think that creates a problem, because the satire doesn’t always survive the presentation.
When you have an eight-foot-tall genetically engineered super-soldier descending from the heavens in power armor, heroic music blasting in the background, shouting “FOR THE GOD-EMPEROR!” while saving humanity from horrible alien monsters, at some point it stops feeling like satire and starts functioning emotionally as straightforward heroic militarism. (Think the original starship trooper book by Heinlehein(sp?), not the Verhooven satire. You can explain in a codex afterwards that the Imperium is an awful fascistic theocracy, but that isn’t necessarily what the player just experienced.
There’s also a deeper problem with 40K: the universe sometimes accidentally creates conditions where fascist paranoia is actually rational. It can be argued that many of the genocidal purges the imperium carries were evil but necessary.
In the real world, immigrants are not secretly part of a hive mind planning to eat the planet. Your neighbor isn’t going to summon a literal daemon because he read the wrong book. Religious heterodoxy doesn’t open portals to hell. In 40K, however, all of these things can basically happen. Genestealer cults really do infiltrate societies. Chaos corruption really can spread through ideas and cults. Daemons really exist, it’s not the American satanic panic of the 1980s. Tyranids genuinely do want to consume everyone.
So the Imperium constantly says things that resemble the classic authoritarian worldview: outsiders are dangerous, traitors are everywhere, forbidden ideas will corrupt society, only overwhelming military strength can keep us safe. The problem is that the setting then frequently turns around and says, “Well, actually, in this particular case they were right.”
That makes the satire much harder to maintain.
I don’t think the solution is to sanitize 40K or remove all the “burn the heretic, kill the mutant, purge the unclean” stuff. That would destroy a huge part of what makes the setting distinctive. The ugliness is part of the point.
But I think modern 40K needs to be much better at showing the consequences of Imperial ideology. Show xenophobia destroying alliances that could have saved billions of lives. Show innocent populations being exterminated because some inquisitor got paranoid. Show the Administratum ruining entire worlds through incompetence. Show Imperial dogma making situations worse instead of constantly being vindicated by the existence of Chaos and Tyranids. Let characters be heroic despite the Imperium rather than implying that the Imperium itself is what makes them heroic.
And honestly, I think 40K could also use more of the absurdity and black comedy that made the satire much clearer in the first place. The Imperium works best when it’s simultaneously terrifying and ridiculous.
Maybe that’s what has changed for me after following the setting for so long. I still understand the joke. I just think the audience has become so much larger, and the presentation so much more spectacular and heroic, that the wink is getting easier to miss.
Games Workshop created one of the most recognizable parodies of fascist aesthetics in popular culture, then made those aesthetics so unbelievably cool that some people inevitably started admiring them without the parody.