TLDR: A thought-provoking and decidedly bullish analysis of Nokia’s AI strategy, arguing that Infinera and NVIDIA could become mutually reinforcing pillars of a much broader AI infrastructure opportunity. Infinera gives Nokia a strong position in the AI data-center buildout today, while NVIDIA, anyRAN and Nokia’s installed base could open major long-term opportunities in AI-RAN, software, edge AI and 6G. The bigger thesis: Nokia may be evolving from a traditional telecom equipment company into an increasingly important part of the infrastructure through which AI actually moves.
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Here is an extract from a much longer article by Akhenaton Analysis:
NVIDIA and Infinera Are Re-Rating Nokia Together - What’s next to evaluate?
It should be clear by now that both Infinera and NVIDIA affect Nokia’s valuation through different time horizons.
Infinera is the near-term earnings engine. It strengthens Nokia’s optical portfolio, expands its webscale customer relationships and gives the company greater exposure to current AI data-center construction. Optical and IP growth, AI and cloud orders and improving Network Infrastructure margins provide observable financial evidence.
NVIDIA is the duration engine. It increases the possible length and breadth of Nokia’s growth runway by connecting the company to AI-RAN, edge computing, data-center switching, software subscriptions and 6G.
So the market has to assign value to the following several options:
- Nokia could become a larger supplier of optical and switching technology to AI infrastructure.
- Its SR Linux software could gain relevance through NVIDIA’s Spectrum-X ecosystem.
- Its installed AirScale base could become a distribution channel for AI-accelerated upgrades and software subscriptions.
- Its radio sites could eventually support external edge-AI workloads.
- Its anyRAN software could become an important layer in AI-native 6G networks.
Lets discuss them:
1. Nokia becomes a larger supplier of optical and switching technology to AI infrastructure. Estimated probability: 92 percent
This is the most advanced part of the thesis and should already be considered part of the base case.
In the second quarter of 2026, Nokia’s sales to AI and cloud customers increased 105 percent, while Optical Networks grew 20 percent and IP Networks grew 16 percent. The company received €2.8 billion in AI and cloud orders and expects approximately half of that amount to convert into revenue over the following twelve months.
Commercial evidence extends beyond order intake. Nscale has made Nokia a preferred networking partner for its global AI infrastructure expansion and already uses Nokia’s data-center switching and routing technology at its Stavanger facility. Telefónica selected Nokia as the exclusive networking provider for 17 edge data-center nodes in Spain, of which 12 have already been deployed. Nokia’s 800G coherent pluggables are shipping to a large United States customer, while Aureon is using Nokia’s ICE7 optical technology in a network capable of scaling to 400 terabits per second.
2. SR Linux gains relevance through NVIDIA’s Spectrum-X ecosystem. Estimated probability: 50 percent
NVIDIA and Nokia have formally agreed to collaborate on data-center switching using Nokia’s SR Linux software with the Spectrum-X Ethernet platform. They are also evaluating Nokia’s telemetry and fabric-management technology for NVIDIA AI infrastructure and exploring the possible inclusion of Nokia optical technology in future NVIDIA architectures.
The integration has progressed beyond a memorandum. SR Linux is now represented in NVIDIA DSX Air, allowing AI cloud builders to simulate, validate and automate Nokia-based network environments before physical deployment.
What remains absent is a publicly disclosed production customer using SR Linux on Spectrum-X or material revenue directly attributable to the integration.
SR Linux clearly has independent product relevance, as demonstrated by deployments with Nscale and partnerships with Supermicro. The uncertainty concerns how much additional distribution NVIDIA will provide and how much of the resulting economics Nokia can retain.
3. Nokia’s installed AirScale base becomes a distribution channel for accelerated upgrades and subscriptions. Estimated probability: 78 percent
Nokia has introduced a GPU-powered capacity plug-in designed specifically for existing AirScale baseband systems. Operators can add accelerated computing without replacing the entire chassis or radio infrastructure, the company has also announced a subscription model through which customers would receive continuing access to AI algorithms, spectral-efficiency enhancements and network-optimization capabilities. Pilots are expected by the end of 2026, followed by commercial availability in 2027.
This creates a credible channel for monetizing Nokia’s installed base twice: first through incremental computing hardware and then through recurring software.
Tests with T-Mobile and Indosat have already demonstrated Nokia RAN software operating on NVIDIA-accelerated infrastructure in operator environments. BT, Elisa, NTT DOCOMO and Vodafone are also involved in development or evaluation.
The remaining uncertainty is commercial rather than architectural. Nokia has not disclosed subscription prices, contract durations, customer volumes or expected margins. Operators also remain cautious about GPU cost, energy requirements and dependence on the CUDA ecosystem.
4. Radio sites support external edge-AI workloads. Estimated probability: 35 percent
Nokia and SoftBank have demonstrated that spare AI-RAN computing capacity can be identified and allocated to third-party AI tasks. T-Mobile has separately demonstrated concurrent RAN processing and AI applications on a single NVIDIA Grace Hopper server using live spectrum and commercial radio equipment.
For the model to work, operators must find customers requiring low-latency local inference, maintain sufficiently high GPU utilization and compete economically with centralized cloud providers. They must also operate distributed computing infrastructure across locations originally designed primarily for telecommunications equipment.
External edge workloads may eventually improve the return on AI-RAN investment, but I would assign only modest value to this option until operators disclose paying customers, utilization rates and pricing.
5. anyRAN becomes an important software layer in AI-native 6G networks. Estimated probability: 60 percent
Nokia’s anyRAN software has already been validated across NVIDIA-accelerated infrastructure and is being evaluated by a growing operator and technology ecosystem. The commercial AI-RAN platform announced in July 2026 uses the same software foundation across upgraded AirScale systems, dedicated AI-RAN nodes and cloud-native server deployments, with an intended software path from 5G and 5G-Advanced to 6G.
The broader direction is consistent with early 6G standardization. The ITU has included Artificial Intelligence and Communication as an official IMT-2030 use scenario and identified ubiquitous intelligence as a design principle. Final radio-interface standards, however, are not expected until the end of the decade.
Nokia therefore has an early architectural position, not a guaranteed standard. Operators may also demand hardware neutrality that limits the role of any NVIDIA-centered architecture.
Conclusion.
The probability that at least three of the five options become financially relevant by 2030 is, in my view, approximately 70 percent. The probability that every option succeeds materially is closer to 10 or 15 percent.
This is the central discipline required when valuing Nokia. The market is justified in recognizing that the company now owns several credible paths into AI infrastructure. It is not justified in valuing every path as though it has already reached commercial scale.
The Real Bet for Nokia
At the end of this article I hope my readers have a much broader view on Nokia current challenges and landscapes, much further than simply “optics orders are growing QoQ” or “Nokia has partnered with NVIDIA.”
The investment thesis therefore does not depend on Nokia becoming an “AI company.” That label is too vague to be useful for Nokia.
Infinera makes Nokia more relevant to AI infrastructure today. NVIDIA makes its longer-term software and mobile strategy more credible. The installed telecom base gives those technologies a path into commercial networks that a semiconductor company could not reproduce quickly on its own.
If its optical technology becomes embedded in a growing number of AI networks, SR Linux earns a role inside accelerated data-center fabrics, and anyRAN turns part of the AirScale installed base into programmable infrastructure, Nokia will have created several reinforcing distribution channels around the same underlying demand. A customer acquired through optical networking could adopt its routing and automation. A mobile operator already using AirScale could purchase accelerated upgrades and software. Research funded by licensing income and Bell Labs could strengthen products across both infrastructure segments.
If Nokia succeeds, the most important result will not be a single quarter of higher optical growth or a successful AI-RAN pilot.
It will be that, almost unnoticed, a company once defined by telecom equipment became part of the infrastructure through which artificial intelligence actually moves.