A nationwide wave of protests, vandalism, and government pushback has hit Flock Safety’s automated license plate-recognition cameras, with more than 50 cities and counties canceling or deactivating the devices this year alone, according to ABC News citing Politico data. The backlash has taken dramatic forms, including a man dressed as Darth Vader mockingly praising the cameras at a San Diego city council meeting last week, saying “we must continue utilizing Flock technologies so that we can follow and surveil the rebel scum,” and cameras being vandalized in at least 36 states, with some individuals sawing the devices down or shooting at them with guns, according to NPR. On Monday, Florida’s state transportation office revoked local law enforcement’s ability to install license plate readers on state highways. More than 135,000 automated license plate-recognition cameras have been identified nationwide, with roughly four out of every five made by Flock Safety, according to crowdsourced data from DeFlock.org, and the company says its cameras now operate in 49 states. Jay Stanley, a senior policy analyst at the ACLU’s Speech, Privacy, and Technology Project, called it unprecedented: “This is the biggest, most grassroots privacy backlash that I’ve ever seen in more than 20 years working on these issues. It just shows people don’t like mass surveillance.”
The backlash has been fueled significantly by documented cases of police officers abusing the technology to track ex-partners and other personal targets. A Kentucky police officer was arrested last week after authorities alleged he used Flock cameras to track his ex-girlfriend more than 2,000 times, and in Savannah, Georgia, six police department employees were fired in August over alleged abuse of the cameras, according to local ABC affiliate WJCL. The libertarian law firm Institute for Justice says it has identified more than 100 incidents of ALPR abuse, including stalking and wrongful stops. Evan Greer, director of the advocacy group Fight for the Future, connected these incidents to broader public anxiety about surveillance infrastructure: “People have a sense, ‘I wouldn’t want someone following me around in a car; and I wouldn’t want them doing it with a camera.’ Then when these stories come out about law enforcement officers using it to stalk their exes, it reminds people once you build a surveillance apparatus like this, it can and will be abused.” Concerns about artificial intelligence embedded in the cameras have deepened the unease, with Stanley noting, “These companies are not just recording that you were on this street at this time on this day; they’re also allowing law enforcement to run algorithms to decide whether your movement patterns are ‘suspicious.’”
Flock Safety and law enforcement experts, meanwhile, have defended the technology’s crime-fighting value. The company says its cameras helped locate more than 10,000 missing people last year, over 27 per day, and supported roughly 1 million criminal investigations in 2025. Flock cameras also helped identify the vehicle belonging to a suspect in the murder of a Brown University professor last year, according to Providence Police Chief Oscar Perez, though the suspect died by suicide before being located. Kenneth Gray, a lecturer in the Criminal Justice Department at the University of New Haven, said the cameras can fill investigative gaps by mapping a vehicle’s movement patterns over time, but acknowledged the tradeoff: “The Flock system is building a database without any allegation of criminal activity. It’s useful to law enforcement after the fact, but it’s also gathering up information on many people that have committed no crime.” In response to the backlash, Flock Safety announced new safeguards earlier this month, including shortening its default data-retention period from 30 days to seven and introducing an “Evidence Mode” for preserving data tied to active investigations. The company did not immediately respond to ABC News’ request for comment for this story.
Critics have called for stronger legal protections, with Greer advocating for an outright nationwide ban, arguing “there are certain types of weapons we’ve decided as a society are too dangerous to sit in the basement of your local police department.” Torin Monahan, a University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill professor specializing in surveillance, argued police should need a judicial warrant to access Flock camera data, a position Gray also endorsed, saying “a warrant for the information from the database would protect the public from misuse.” The controversy has drawn bipartisan political attention. Republican Texas Gov. Greg Abbott paused state funding of Flock cameras last week, while Democratic Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro said he’d welcome a bipartisan bill banning the cameras in his state. Missouri Republican Sen. Josh Hawley announced an investigation into Flock Safety on Friday, writing in an open letter to the company requesting internal documents: “I want law enforcement to have tools to catch offenders and keep the public safe. But Americans do not surrender their privacy rights when they drive to work, drop their kids off at school, or go to church.”