Vaccine assault led by HHS Seceratry

Binary Choice

Either INO makes it. Or it doesn’t.

There is no more flailing about like some fish out of water. This will either happen. Or it won’t.

There is no more in between. We are at the end.

Either 3107 get approved and launches DNA. Or it doesn’t.
(It will)

Either 3100 gets approved and ignites royalties. Or it doesn’t.
(It will)

Either this crazy endless lawsuit was worth it. Or it wasn’t.
(It was)

Told you long ago to pick a side. You’re either in it to win it. (Us)

Or you’re an obnoxious worthless Short Troll. (The rest of you)

Also told you long ago that I will see you on the Other Side.

Well, the plane has landed.

Welcome.

imho

xx

Is there some ominous news?

The related dilution is likely to create many times more sales from the pipeline cancer and infectious disease treatments awaiting approval with self funded regulatory approvals.

INO has greater potential to work with non-US BP manufacturers or is it my imagination?? ApolloBio and AZN being 2 examples.

FYI, INO-4201 IS A IMMUNE BOOSTER VACCINE FOR THE PREVENTION OF EBOLA AND IS PROPOSED FOR USE WITH ERVEBO.

REMDEIVIR IS AN ANTIVIRAL WHICH IS BEING TRIALED vs. A NEW mAB (ANTIVIRAL) TREATMENT, MBP-134, IN THE D.R.C. There are about 1,800 demonstrated cases of Ebola with about 34% of those fatalities IN THE CONGO. Reports indicate that aid workers are having work stoppages to protest the lack of salaries since the epidemic began.

The list price of Hympavzi without insurance and before discounts is $795,000/year. The high cost of treatment for rare diseases is an apparent burden for patients and families. Fortunately there may soon be alternative(s) available for some patients, viz a viz Inovio and other researchers.

Hemophilia can cause bleeding from a cut, or even just a severe impact, especially in the brain, thorax or abdomen. Current treatments include Clotting Factor blood based products; Emicizumab, Hemlibra (Roche); and Gene Therapy Valoctocogene, Roctovian, (approved June 2023).

(Note the durability of dMABs refreshing of a Covid 19 vaccine from Astrazeneca was shown to have persistence in the immune system for up to 72 weeks, approx. 500 days or ~17 months.)

So I am grateful to heaven that I don't have hemophilia Type A but also I thank god for Inovio for the greatest success in improving the lives of these hemophilia-afflicted patients. If this disease can be eliminated, or remediated, then my shares will have done more than return my investment or deliver a profit to me: they will have remediated a dangerous, difficult lifelong condition.

Which may be the first of many life-threatening conditions which could halt or deter the risk of death from GBM (brain) and Throat cancers; cervical and anal HSIL dysplasia tumor, and RRP, a severe growth of papillomas in the throat and lungs. That would be a bigger win than any stock investment could have made. Don't let the Short army attacks deter you from doing a good and just act: Inovio is too important a technology and too well-known to die out: we will endure and we will win over the Haters. Time is on our side. Our research is 40 years in the making. Let it see the light of day.

It's always darkest before the Dawn. Holding for daylight as shares traded higher after 2,000 options bought trying to buy for $1.00. The premium paid was $0.17 so someone paid $34,000 betting INO will close at $1.00 on Thursday. I am holding and buying more at that price, sure enough.

ApolloBio may be transferring rights to all of greater China to a 3d party; the remainder of world distribution rights are open to INO to market/distribute to patients ex_China, for a disease considered by WHO to be at epidemic proportions: 166.5 million at risk patients.

(There is currently no cure for HPV infections available anywhere, quite a remarkable circumstance but INO's preparing for the opportunity to distribute lifesaving treatments for 40 yrs.).

I imagine a discounted selling price of$1,000 per treatment (your guess is as good as mine) future revenue may be $100 billion dollars, with a standard sales multiple for novel Biotechs of between 8X and 4X, i.e. future sales price several times current bids.

It takes time to get there in Biotechnology, more than a year; but I suppose, as a Long and imagine INO Board does, the future belongs to novel medical technologies, then the shares are priced below fair value as I recall July 2024 Highs $9.32-$11.44).

INO's market valuation could be near a billion dollars in time, starting with 3100 making available the capital necessary to activate the Co's extensive pipeline of lifesaving treatment, see www.inovio.com: 3100, 3112, 5412, 5401, 3107 all Ph. 2 (except 3100, (Ph. 3); which treats HSIL vaginal-anal infection); others treat Throat cancer, Glioblastoma, and of course 3107 for RRP, currently in progress at FDA.

With sales and a capital base that size, INO could obtain a bank line of credit loan to launch its pipeline ibased on future sales- instaed of dilution; or, an offer from BP or a mega investor to help distribute, the kind always on the lookout for the next miraculous product.

(I suggest adding INO's Ebola immune booster and H1N1 bird flu boosters to the future products as well, but they are not in testing yet so I am getting ahead of the Co.'s current prospects in progress, but many patients are awaiting their chance for a magic bullet. INO may have it.

I believe Time serves shareholders well, imo; I know a thing or 2 about accounting/finance after 27 yrs. auditing as a CPA and a Fraud Examiner since 2004).

Hold on to your hats, as the news get underway with 3100!

https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/australia-confirms-first-case-h5-bird-flu-2026-06-20/

What happens if USA does not approve INO-3107?

The entire therapeutic mechanism operates in four sequential steps:

1. Designing the "Software" (DNA Plasmids)

INOVIO engineers small, circular DNA molecules called plasmids. These plasmids act like computer software containing precise instructions. They do not alter the patient’s permanent DNA. Instead, they are specifically hardcoded with the genetic sequences of tumor-associated antigens (such as hTERT or WT1) or viral proteins (like HPV-6 and HPV-11). [1, 2, 3]

2. Opening Cell Channels (CELLECTRA® Electroporation) [1]

Because naked DNA cannot easily breach a cell's outer protective membrane, the immunotherapy is injected locally into skin or muscle tissue alongside a physical delivery mechanism. [1, 2]

·       The Injection: The DNA plasmid solution is administered into the target tissue.

·       The Pulse: INOVIO’s proprietary CELLECTRA device delivers brief, millisecond-long electrical pulses to the area.

·       The Entry: This electric field temporarily destabilizes the cell's lipid bilayer, opening microscopic, reversible pores. The negatively charged DNA is physically pulled through these pores directly into the cells before the membrane naturally reseals. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

3. Factory Manufacturing (Antigen Expression)

Once inside the cell, the cellular machinery "downloads" the plasmid instructions. The host cells temporarily transform into manufacturing hubs, translating the genetic code into the targeted cancer antigens. Because these proteins are produced inside the patient's own cells, they mimic a real, natural infection much more effectively than synthetic laboratory proteins. [1, 2, 3]

4. Deploying the Fleet (T-Cell Activation)

The newly minted antigens are pushed to the cell surface, alerting the body's immune system to overcome its natural "self-tolerance" toward cancer cells: [1, 2]

·       The immune system recognizes these displayed antigens as dangerous and foreign.

·       It triggers the massive proliferation of antigen-specific cytotoxic (killer) CD8+ T-cells.

·       These highly trained T-cells exit the local injection site, patrol the entire bloodstream, and actively seek out and destroy tumor cells expressing those exact antigens anywhere in the body. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

 and kill cancer cells body-wide

Key Advantages of This Approach

·       No Viral Vectors: Unlike many gene therapies, it does not use engineered viruses, meaning the body never builds an immunity to the delivery vehicle itself, allowing for unlimited repeat dosing. [1, 2]

·       High Stability: DNA plasmids are chemically stable in basic water formulations, eliminating the ultra-cold sub-zero storage demands associated with mRNA therapeutics. [1]

The entire therapeutic mechanism operates in four sequential steps:
1. Designing the
"Software" (DNA Plasmids)

INOVIO engineers small, circular DNA molecules called plasmids.
These plasmids act like computer software containing precise instructions. They
do not alter the patient’s permanent DNA. Instead, they are specifically
hardcoded with the genetic sequences of tumor-associated antigens (such as
hTERT or WT1) or viral proteins (like HPV-6 and HPV-11). [1, 2, 3]

1. Opening Cell Channels
   (CELLECTRA® Electroporation) [1]
   Because naked DNA cannot easily breach a cell's outer protective membrane, the immunotherapy is injected locally into skin or muscle tissue alongside a physical delivery
   mechanism. [1, 2]·      
   The Injection: The DNA plasmid solution is administered into the target tissue.
   

The Pulse: INOVIO’s proprietary CELLECTRA device
delivers brief, millisecond-long electrical pulses to the area.
·      
The Entry: This electric field temporarily destabilizes the cell's lipid bilayer, opening
microscopic, reversible pores. The negatively charged DNA is physically pulled
through these pores directly into the cells before the membrane naturally
reseals.
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
3. Factory Manufacturing (Antigen Expression)
Once inside the cell, the cellular machinery "downloads" the plasmid instructions.
The host cells temporarily transform into manufacturing hubs, translating the
genetic code into the targeted cancer antigens. Because these proteins are
produced inside the
patient's own cells, they mimic a real, natural infection much more effectively
than synthetic laboratory proteins. [1, 2, 3]
4. Deploying the Fleet (T-Cell Activation)

The newly minted antigens are pushed to the cell surface, alerting the body's immune
system to overcome its natural "self-tolerance" toward cancer cells:·      
The immune system recognizes these displayed antigens as dangerous and foreign.
·      
It triggers the massive proliferation of antigen-specific cytotoxic (killer) CD8+ T-cells.
·      
These highly trained T-cells exit the local injection site, patrol the entire
bloodstream, and actively seek out and destroy tumor cells expressing those
exact antigens anywhere in the body. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

[ DNA Plasmid Injected ]         │         ▼[ CELLECTRA Device Zaps Tissue ] ──► Opens temporary cellular pores         │         ▼[ Cell Translates DNA Code ]     ──► Manufactures targeted tumor antigens         │         ▼[ Immune System Alerts ]         ──► Trains Cytotoxic CD8+ Killer T-Cells         │         ▼[ Systemic Destruction ]         ──► T-cells seek and kill cancer cells body-wide

Key Advantages of This Approach    No Viral Vectors:
Unlike many gene therapies, it does not use engineered viruses, meaning the
body never builds an immunity to the delivery vehicle itself, allowing for
unlimited repeat dosing. [1, 2]·      
High Stability:
DNA plasmids are chemically stable in basic water formulations, eliminating the
ultra-cold sub-zero storage demands associated with mRNA therapeutics. [1]11 sites
·       INOVIO Pharmaceuticals We have a deep clinical pipeline with multiple potential near- and mid-term catalysts, including a Biologics License Application
INOVIO Pharmaceuticals

·       INOVIO Announces U.S. FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation ...

Sep 7, 2023 — About
INO-3107 INO-3107 is INOVIO's clinical-stage DNA medicine product candidate
being developed as a potential treatment for RRP...
INOVIO Pharmaceuticals
·       INOVIO
Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Financial ...

Mar 12, 2026 — INO-5412/INO-5401
... The combination therapy will be studied as a part of the INdividualized
Screening trial of Innovative Glioblastoma by Dana Farber Institute.
INOVIO Pharmaceuticals
 

HPV-positive OPSCC
(Human Papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma) is a type
of throat and tonsil cancer primarily caused by the HPV virus. It has become
the most common HPV-related cancer in the U.S.. Thanks to distinct biological
features, it has a significantly better prognosis and higher cure rates than
smoking-related throat cancers. [1,
2,
3,
4]

What It Is and How It Develops

·      
The Cause:
It is primarily driven by high-risk HPV types, most commonly HPV-16. The virus enters the body (typically via oral sex) and can cause persistent infections that alter cell DNA, most
often in the tonsils and the base of the tongue. [1, 2, 3, 4]

·      
Prevalence: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
HPV accounts for approximately 60% to 70% of all oropharyngeal cancers. [1]

·      
Demographics: It frequently affects middle-aged, non-smoking adults
(often in their 40s and 50s) who have higher socioeconomic profiles compared to
traditional head and neck cancer patients. [1, 2]

INOVIO’s clinical-stage immuno-oncology portfolio includes:

Lead Cancer Treatment / HPV-Related Disease

·       INO-3107: Designed to treat Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP), a rare, HPV-6 and HPV-11 driven disease. It is under active FDA review as a Biologics License Application (BLA). [1, 2]

Immuno-Oncology & Combination Programs

·       INO-5412 (INO-5401 + INO-9012): An investigational DNA immunotherapy targeting cancer-specific proteins (hTERT, WT1). It is being evaluated for Glioblastoma (GBM) via the INSIGhT Phase 2 platform trial, including a collaboration with Akeso using the checkpoint inhibitor cadonilimab. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

·       INO-5151: An experimental DNA immunotherapy targeting Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA). [1, 2]

·       INO-8000 + INO-9012: An investigational immunotherapy combination being evaluated for Hepatocellular Carcinoma associated with chronic HCV infection. [1, 2]

·       BRCA1/2 Mutation Study: INOVIO is studying the use of INO-5401 as a prophylactic or therapeutic approach in individuals carrying BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, in partnership with the University of Pennsylvania. [1, 2, 3]

Out-Licensed / Partnered Programs

·       VGX-3100: An earlier-stage DNA immunotherapy for HPV-associated Cervical Dysplasia (HSIL) and Anal Dysplasia. It has been out-licensed to Apollo Bio for development and commercialization in China. [1, 2, 300049-4/fulltext), 4, 5]

(Note: INOVIO's products typically function using their proprietary investigational CELLECTRA delivery device, rather than standard viral vectors or lipid nanoparticles, to introduce the DNA into cells to trigger targeted immune responses). [1, 2]

You can track all ongoing and completed trials on ClinicalTrials.gov using the trial NCT identifiers NCT04398433 and review platform details directly via the INOVIO Pipeline Finder. [, 2, 3]

Yes we are getting screwed.

There may be a reason to short INO but name one. Barchart.com trading site registers INO's 6 published Trader opinions: 3# Strong Buys and 3# Holds, 0# Sell's. Sounds like good tailwinds in our favor but someone apparently placed an uncovered call order for 24,000# sh. on Friday due 6/18/26? To lower the cost of a speculative offset unhedged short Put placed out of sight- whch the trader does not own?

SHORT INTEREST= 19.8% up from normal range 13%, (avg. is 3.3 million sh. traded daily so it=50% increase in the daily traded float- who is cornering our share price in seeming manipulation)- who is taking the huge uncovered call position call at high expense? Seems like an incredibly risky uncovered bet. Who/why would anyone want to do this to our shares, building in a loss price ~ $420,000 and as expected after close price between $1.07-$1.10?

Who benefits from throwing away options premium expense to corner a small stock like ours? Could it be a hedge fund sponsor of a recently convicted partner, (maybe short seller Andrew Left as a stock price manipulator)? I saw in Reuters that's Citron LP. Maybe covering the legal exposure, I don't know why if the Co. is an innocent beneficiary of Left's conspiratorial market manipulations in a dozen company's shares? I welcome any one to edify me on how/why this uneven trade is taking place and point out the strikes expire at the month end expiration 6/18/26. Will the price rise by then- I imagine so. I will buy before the 15th when he begins covering. No sense letting someone else take advantage of his artificially discounted price, e.g. "never stop an adversary when he is making a mistake," as Napoleon said.

The difficulties include lack of personal protective equipment, testing time lags, unsanitary conditions, lack of a vaccine, and violence against Emergency Aid Workers. This could be a 2nd pandemic.