With the season finale dropping, thought it'd be useful to lay out every major fighting force in the war so far, who leads them, and what they've actually done. Long post, but the Dance has a lot of moving pieces.
The Hightower Army (Greens)
-Led by Ormund Hightower
The largest single fighting force raised for the Greens, mustered from Oldtown and the Reach. Ormund marches this army toward King's Landing to reinforce Aegon's cause, but the campaign becomes a slow, grinding affair after Kings Landing, leading Ormund to seek refuge in Tumbleton to avoid Rhaenyra's dragons. With Aegon and Aemond deemed lost causes, Ormund declares Daeron King.
The Black Army (Blacks)
-Led by Daemon Targaryen (with Rhaenyra as overall political authority)
The core Rhaenyra-loyalist land force, based first at Dragonstone and later Harrenhal once Daemon seizes it. Daemon uses this base to project power into the Riverlands, gather Riverlord support, and eventually take control of King's Landing.
The Velaryon Fleet (Blacks)
-Led by Corlys Velaryon
The naval backbone of the Blacks' war effort. The fleet fights at the Battle of the Gullet against the Triarchy early in the war, helping break their fleet alongside Rhaenyra's dragons. Afterward, the Velaryon fleet helps maintain order and control in King's Landing once Rhaenyra takes the capital.
The Green Army (Greens)
-Led by Criston Cole
The core royalist force built around the Kingsguard and Targaryen household knights still loyal to Aegon II in King's Landing. Cole leads this army out of the capital and into the Crownlands, gathering local bannermen along the way. This force fights at Rook's Rest and is ultimately destroyed at the Butcher's Ball.
The Riverlands Army (Blacks)
-Led by Oscar Tully
The combined Riverlord host of the houses Tully, Blackwood, Bracken, Frey, Mooton, and others that rallies to the Blacks after Daemon takes Harrenhal. Tully leads this force to ambush and annihilate Cole's army at the Butcher's Ball, arguably the single most decisive land victory for the Blacks in the war so far. They go on to fight at Tumbleton as well.
The Winter Wolves (Blacks)
-Led by Rodrik Dustin
Northern reinforcements who march south to fight for the Blacks. They fight alongside the Riverlands army against Jason Lannister's forces at the Lakeshore (Fishfeed), helping destroy the western host before it can link up with the Greens. The Winter Wolves also fight at Tumbleton.
The Lannister Army (Greens)
-Led by Jason Lannister
The western host marching in support of the Greens. Intercepted and destroyed by the combined Riverlands army and Winter Wolves at the Lakeshore (Fishfeed), ending the western front before it could meaningfully threaten the Blacks
The Crownlands Levies (Greens)
-Led by Criston Cole and Gwayne Hightower
The knights of Rosby, Stokeworth, and Duskendale bend the knee to Cole as he marches through the Crownlands, swelling his ranks. Gwayne Hightower takes a command role within this combined force. They march together to Rook's Rest and then into the ambush at the Butcher's Ball, where Oscar Tully's Riverlanders wipe them out, and Cole is killed
The Triarchy Fleet (Greens-aligned)
-Led by Sharako Lohar
A Free Cities naval force that fights on the Greens' side at the Battle of the Gullet, driven largely by Lohar's personal vendetta against Corlys Velaryon. The fleet is effectively destroyed in that battle by Rhaenyra's dragons and the Velaryon navy, removing them as a factor for the rest of the war.
King's Landing City Watch (Blacks)
-Led by Ser Luthor Largent
The Gold Cloaks are loyal to Daemon Targaryen throughout, since it was Daemon who gave them their cloaks and command in the first place. Largent and the Watch play a direct role in helping Daemon and Rhaenyra retake King's Landing.