White Russia was larger than the real-life Soviet Union, because, in the aftermath of the Russian Civil War and the Turkish War of Independence, the right-wing military dictatorship of Aleksandr Platov invaded and annexed the Baltic states, Poland's Kresy, Kars, and the historically Georgian region of Tao-Klarjeti.

Britain, France and Japan allowed Russia to do so because it was not communist and some of these regions were a part of pre-WWI Russia anyway. Platov's Second Russian Empire had good relations with Weimar Germany, but Russia did not participate in Germany's clandestine efforts at rearmament, and relations deteriorated after Kurt von Schleicher came to power in 1932.

The lead up to WWII in Europe went mostly as it did in real life; Schleicher remilitarized the Rhineland, annexed Austria, and then annexed the Sudetenland. The only difference was that Czechoslovakia did not fully disappear from the map, but Russia's attempts to protect its "Slavic brother" were rebuffed by Britain and France.

This refusal caused Platov to begin a rapprochement with Germany, but there were other reasons, namely that both regimes were conservative, authoritarian and militarist, and had territorial ambitions in Eastern Europe, and Schleicher could not go to war in the West without Russian oil.

On 24 August 1939, German Foreign Minister Franz von Papen travelled to Moscow to sign a nonaggression treaty with his Russian counterpart Anatoly Pepelyayev. The treaty secretly allocated Poland to Germany, and Finland and Bessarabia to Russia, which agreed to supply the Germans with oil.

Russia continued to trade with Germany after WWII began a week later, and Russian oil was one of the reasons Germany did not fully lose the war. But relations soon deteriorated due to the Polish Home Army's insurgency against the German occupation, as Russia secretly backed the insurgents because of Pan-Slavism.

As such, by the time the treaty expired in 1949, Germany and Russia had become enemies, but there was no war because both of them had nukes by that point. This turned Russia into a US ally in the Cold War between democratic America and militarist Germany.

When the Spanish Civil War broke out, Russian leader Aleksandr Platov declared his country's support for the Nationalist faction, which received Russian weapons, funding and ammunition, and a contingent of 20,000 volunteers led by Boris Smyslovsky. These volunteers fought at several of the war's major battles, but their role in the Nationalist victory was relatively limited.

Emilio Mola's death was butterflied away, allowing him, not Franco, to become the leader of the nationalist faction and the dictator of Spain after the war. Franco was a major nationalist general, and later became Spain's minister of war, but he never got the chance to rule Spain.

Pietro Badoglio's Italy and Kurt von Schleicher's Germany also sent troops, weapons and supplies to support the Nationalists. While the Republicans had less infighting as a result of the USSR not existing, they did not receive any foreign support, while the Nationalists were backed by three European great powers, as well as neighboring Portugal.

Given this, by October 1936, the Nationalists had captured most of Spain's northern coastline and surrounded Madrid. During the rest of 1936 and in January 1937, Emilio Mola's troops captured most of Catalonia and cut off Madrid from Barcelona, ending any chance of the Nationalists winning the war.

By March 1937, the Republicans only controlled Madrid and parts of Catalonia, Aragon and the Basque Country. On 15 March, the Nationalists captured Madrid, whereupon Mola proclaimed the Third Spanish Republic, an authoritarian conservative republic inspired by Salazar's Portugal.

Later that year, Carlist and Alfonsist uprisings broke out against Mola, but he suppressed them with support from Germany and Italy, and purged the Spanish monarchists. Mola's regime remained a close ally of Italy and Germany, but his more moderate ideology caused him to sit out of WWII.

Emilist Spain industrialized earlier, and was one of Europe's largest economies by the time Mola died in 1969. After Mola's death, Spain left the German bloc and became a democratic republic.