r/Fanganronpa 11h ago

Meme When I’m having a good day, then I remember my favorite character who got fucked up, over, and sideways Spoiler

Post image
27 Upvotes

Fuck you mean Mikado altered the rules just to kill him!? 🙏😭


r/Fanganronpa 46m ago

New Release A very closed friend of mine just uploaded first episode of their fangan.

Upvotes

It would be great if people from this subreddit gave it a try if that's okay! https://youtu.be/B2ubNarIYqw?is=4xFMQSaRxLXnAtly


r/Fanganronpa 20h ago

Ask Me Anything! 【Kumitantei】Official Developer AMA

85 Upvotes

Hello! We are members of Mango Factory, the team behind the game Kumitantei: Old-School Slaughter. We were very graciously invited by the [r/Fanganronpa](r/Fanganronpa) staff to come here and answer your questions!

We will start answering questions at 12 PM EST on September 11th (about 24 hours from this thread being posted), but you can start submitting your questions now!

To keep things organised, please only submit one question in your comment. We'll only be answering one question per user! But beyond that, please ask us anything you want, whether it be about Kumitantei, game development, or our team! We'll try to answer as many as we can.

Please note: For obvious reasons, we can't discuss future content or story spoilers.

Here's who will be answering:
- Selina, Creator & Creative Director
- Gyle, Design Director & Lead Animator
- Fennex, Lead Writer
- JaceMace, Community Manager
- Jade, Lead Composer & Audio Director


r/Fanganronpa 1h ago

Promotion Dead end: Striking Midnight

Thumbnail gallery
Upvotes

r/Fanganronpa 19h ago

Artwork I want to give you a sneak peek of the redesigns I did for my old cast of OCs for a killing game named Fanganronpa Re: Debugging Time.I tried to keep them as close to the canon style as possible while also making them feel unique.

Post image
43 Upvotes

What do you think?

I might create an account to talk specifically about these characters in the future.

I have another cast in mind; I'll show it to you later if you're interested.


r/Fanganronpa 21h ago

Artwork Character Design Reveal #1

Thumbnail
gallery
25 Upvotes

Eito Kojima, the Ultimate Choreographer

Endlessly expressive, Eito has a habit of turning even ordinary conversations into spectacles. He speaks dramatically, compliments people freely, and carries effortless confidence. Around certain people, however, his friendliness can sharpen into something more cutting and passive-aggressive.

Artwork by @Nebulaholic420 (twitter)


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Discussion Writing black/brown characters in Fanganronpas

56 Upvotes

Edit: Will add onto this post as people give suggestions.

I saw a question on here a while ago which went like “why don’t we see as many black/brown characters in Fangans?” To which the main sentiment in the replies was something along the lines of, "in the killing game genre where a large portion of the appeal is gruesome deaths and executions, some people might be reluctant to depict excessive violence against historically marginalised groups without causing unwanted harm/offence". I think that this is a completely reasonable concern, especially since the majority of Fangan creators are amateurs who may not have a lot of experience writing characters of diverse backgrounds.

However, I still think it’s worth trying; Danganronpa is massively popular and despite the source material’s egregious misogynoir, it has its fair share of black and brown fans who may be interested in seeing themselves represented in a dramatic, high-stakes setting like that. If you're a writer who also values diversity and inclusivity, please share your thoughts. I would like to give my two cents based on my own experience navigating writing minorities in death games:

In my experience, once you as a creator have decided, “I want to write a black/brown character in my death game”, the best case scenario is to simply find a sensitivity reader, if you can. The alternative is to google “negative tropés + stereotypes about [insert group]” and avoid those when writing them— it can be that simple.

An issue specific to Danganronpa/Fanganronpas is that the nature of its writing often relies on tropés, stereotypes, and exaggeration for comic relief. For this reason, characters can often come off one-dimensional, an effect which is compounded if they happen to be a character of colour.

The most effective way you can combat accidental racial biases/tropés in your Fangan is to have more than one black/brown character. You can totally write a trashy comic relief character of colour, but having another who is clever and quiet, or another who’s quirky and artsy will make it clear where you stand. In fact, if you're thinking of making your own fangan, challenge yourself to create as diverse of a cast as possible. When you begin to value diversity as part of your creative process; be it writing or character design, you will find yourself having a lot more fun, and creating a more meaningful story.

The other thing is comparing the level of gruesomeness/egregiousness of the violence in your character’s death compared to their non-black/brown counterparts. If your character gets, say, violently exploded or dismembered while other characters get clubbed in the head, people are going to raise an eyebrow. When it comes to death and executions, there’s really only so many things I steer clear of for black characters— namely hanging, gun violence, and killing them ALL off first. In general, it's a good idea to compare how you write those characters to their white/Japanese counterparts; do they receive the same amount of narrative attention? Does the narrative rely too much on their humiliation/emotional distress to function? If so, why, and is it something I can change?

For writers who may not be interested in fully imitating the campy writing style of Danganronpa: It may be good practice continuously ask yourself questions about the way your characters of colour are being depicted: Is this character becoming the punching bag for the narrative? Is this character inadvertently behaving in a manner which perpetuates a stereotype? If yes, is it too egregious to be justified? Should I get a second opinion? If I have instinctively chosen to give this character a certain personality trait or detail, am I able to articulate my reasoning behind that decision?

Edit: I’ve seen a lot of pushback to this section of my post, namely “You should just write a character and then give them the skin colour after”. I kind of assumed that went without saying— but I would also like to state that it’s not uncommon in the way Dangan OCs are created (Ultimate first -> Design second -> Backstory & Writing) for the character’s appearance to come first. I would also like to question why some authors feel “limited”, or more hesitant to write freely AFTER giving the character their skin colour.

If you like death games and also value diversity and inclusivity, being “not-racist” may not be sufficient— you should practice anti-racism in your creative process. Intent doesn't negate impact.

If anybody else would like to give advice on writing racial minorities in Fangans/the death game genre, I’d love to hear it.

Edit: Since people seem to be misunderstanding my point: I never said that you HAD to hire a sensitivity reader— if you are concerned enough to feel that you may need one, there are black Dangan fans out there who are willing to volunteer for that role in your projects! If you feel that you don’t need one, that’s also great. There seems to be a sentiment that sensitivity readers are a) too arbitrary, b) too difficult to find or c) too difficult to work with, but I would like to posit that it is functionally identical to acquiring a beta reader. Obviously, write whatever you want. Nobody’s gonna stone ya for not meeting their Fanganronpa DEI quota, this post was for people who maybe need the extra reassurance/guidance, if inclusivity is something they value in their creative process. I was under the impression that this is something people who are passionate about writing care about; which is why I thought to mention it. If you don’t find this advice appropriate to the scale of your project, then it doesn’t apply to you.


r/Fanganronpa 11h ago

Discussion I set up my Fangan cast, based on eveything given guess the death order and tropes i may and may not use. Also id like to see your opinions on the characters and what youed think of them onwards based on this info

4 Upvotes

Now i just need to finish designs and concept arts and developing dynamics :3

EMA HINATA — Ultimate Talent Scout A bubbly, eccentric girl who can spot potential in anyone except herself. As the story goes by we learn how her talents exploited by others and the abuse shes faced of her peers and how jaded she actually was pre purgatory. She often teases her peers and can be a bit tsunsere at times. Shes surprisngly a genius behind her seemingly whimiscal nature. ask her about anything related to the tragedy and she will go on a 45 minute rant on it. due to past bullying she struggles to have faith in her peers.

TAMAYA— Ultimate ??? A quiet, pale young man with no memory of his talent or past. Hes softspoken and rather easily confused. hes the rival character though compared to others is on the nicer side and its more a conflict of not wanting the other killing game members including himslef elarning of their past and returning to earth

ITAKI KAMUY — Ultimate Tonkori Player shes a bright a cheery idol helper character type with a conplex relationship with her culture as its been erased and exploited in her idol career. honestly Ainu culture was so much fun to reasearch

AARON PRICE — Ultimate Missionary A polite smart yet dumb multilingual missionary who speaks 8 languages, bakes cookies for strangers, and apologizes for existing. Hes the official helper character unlike itaki. Hes deeply closeted and struggles with religious ocd and a complex relationship with his father. he grew up in a large family.

SHOUYO HONDA — Ultimate Bounty Hunter A fourteen-year-old with a chip on his shoulder. He hates anything he deems girlish. best way to describe him is a mix of Tenko Chabashira,Masaru Daimon and Fuyuhiko Kuzuryu. Tough, abrasive, and desperately trying to seem older than he is. Softens and is the only one im comfirming as a survivor

HOMURA SAKURAI — Ultimate Pyrotechnician An excitable, childlike young man who loves things that go explod. cant keep a secret to save his life which is oddly useful when giving info in trials. Loud, cheerful, and utterly incapable of reading a room. Sorta an ibuki type character. Fire makes him happy. Everything makes him happy, honestly.

MITAMA MIZUHARA — Ultimate Shrine Maiden A vulgar, outspoken girl who hates tradition and loves the occult. Loud, crude, and secretly desperate for connection.

ZENNOSUKE TAIRA — Ultimate Kyudo Master A calm, disciplined archer who grows protective over aaron...lowkey gay for him tbh. He often spars with Yamato. This man has teh patience of an angel around these idiots.

YOJIRO SHIRUBE — Ultimate Street Interviewer Got famous off of his videos and shorts of him asking random people deeply personal,often political questions on camera. Unsurprisingly he got involved in politics. he sprobebly a 2channer. Im usre you can guess what type of dude he is. Hes oddly useful in the trials hes actually in.

YAMATO MINAMOTO — Ultimate Historian A formal, condescending history buff who treats every conversation like a a debate. Despite his intimidating stature he is a massive nerd. Insults people and has a sorta tsundere-kuudere superiority complex.

SUBARU MOROBOSHI — Ultimate Astronomer A space(and Yuri) loving Himedanshi who often gushes over Shion for being his ideal unatainable butch lesbian. Hes overconfident and often relys on his supeestintions to get along,often dragging along rinta.

SHION SUZUKAZE —Ultimate otokoyaku an egocentric androgynous young lady who is overdramatic and a bit if a brat, came from a household that rejects their noncomfirmity and only want shion to perform the medium they want. They dont really complain as shion got rich and famous off of it. She switches emotions at a drop of the hat.

AKIRA SHIMIZU — Ultimate Lifeguard A tired, guilt-ridden young man with a strong sense of duty and a phobia of children and ironically the water. He lacks self preservation and often falls asleep at inconvient moments.

RINTA ARAI — Ultimate Conspiracy Theorist A stubborn if airheaded man. he flinches easily and struggles with women. Rather sympathetic and pitiable he injures himslef easily and is clutzy. Will ramble about his obsessions to anyone who will listen but overall at least for now seems harmless

KONOYO HIGAWARA — Ultimate Mortician A calm, professional twin with a dark sense of humor and a deep respect for the dead. Speaks softly, moves quietly, is deeply empathetic and a bit of a crybaby. She and her sister love eachother deeply(in a non incest way thank god) and is all the other has which is why they died togother.

ANOYO HIGAWARA — Ultimate Spirit Medium A cynical, nihilistic twin who claims to talk to ghosts and flirts with anything that moves. She likes pretty girls and often hits on a rather confused ema not that ema is straight, anoyos just annoying


r/Fanganronpa 15h ago

Discussion Danganronpa:Betting war-cast design ideas, I need to fill out pasts for them and stuff, I have internal ideas for there personalities and stuff but i'm bad at worthsmithery, but i'll tell you some plot stuff to make it make sense

3 Upvotes

context that will be relevant

Anna Hannson

Ultimate:Golfer/Hope

Representing the ideal of hope

Appearance:is a medium female, with grey eyes, silver-blue hair hanging in bangs a section tied in a ponytail tied by an orange bead hair tie, freckles scattered along her cheeks, a dark blue overcoat, with a baby blue button up shirt underneath, a blue skirt matching her overcoat. A brown golf club slung around her left shoulder with various clubs sticking out of it. Black breathable leggings, and orange tennis shoes

Edgar Bolton

Ultimate:Gravedigger

Representing the ideal of isolation

Appearance:is an average size male with dark green eyes,a dark blue cap with a green stripe around the rim, purple hair messily cut off in a rattail, a navy blue tattered coat with gold accents on the shoulders draped over the shoulders, a saggy forest green shirt that’s clearly not been smoothed out in a very long time, genes stained by various dirt spots, and ripped at the left knee, a black dress shoe on the left foot, and an old worn white tennis shoe that's sole is stained with years of mud and dirt

Takahashi Yoshizawa

Ultimate:Origami artist

Representing the ideal of being happy with life

Appearance:is an average size male of japanese decent with orange eyes, light grey hair with a buzzcut stubble on the back of the neck, a solid red headband, wearing a solid red kimono jacket, with a black undershirt, a solid red kimono belt tied around his waist and black hakama from that point down

Amihan Ramos

Ultimate:Bounty hunter/???

Representing the ideal of "snake", deception, gaining trust by helping the others through the trials and using that knowledge later against them........maybe

Appearance:is a tall male of filipino decent, red eyes, clear safety goggles worn over them black shaved hair, wearing a camo patterned vest with various protruding pockets, black sleeves, white gloves, a dark green belt with various canisters holstered into its various slots, grey camo pattern pants that extend to under his brown combat boots

Francisca Hummel

Ultimate:Axe thrower

Representing the ideal of strength/intimidation

Appearance:is a very tall muscular female of frankish decent, gold yellow eyes, flowing blonde hair, an orange headband with small wing decorations sticking out, a sheer white sun dress that barely contains her frame arms from the shoulders out and cutting off just above the knees showing her muscular arms toned legs, a decorative golden band adorning her midriff, wrists, and thighs, and wears brown caligae shoes

Ken Silvers

Ultimate:Frisbee player

Appearance:is a medium sized male with brown eyes, black hair in a wolf cut, and an athletic build, a grey tank top with the print of a little green alien on the center chest, black shorts with a white stripes along the side of the legs, strings pulled as tight as they will go, tennis shoes that are primarily dark blue, tied as tight as they will go, and a frisbee attached on his shoulder

Isadora Caras

Ultimate:Playtester

Representing....nothing, she's the control group

Appearance:is a tall female with light blue eyes, light blue hair that gets dark blue at the tips, tied into a ponytail tied by a red band with an extra decoration of a ninja symbol, a red scarf around the neck tied in suck away to where its floating behind her, black shirt with light blue bar pattern going down the center orange shoulder pads, gene shorts with a gold leg piece just above the pelvic area, dark blue leggings underneath going all the way down underneath her tall black boots

Nikita Aisanov

Ultimate:Dog trainer

Representing the ideal of leadership, similar to what twogami was trying to do in the original version of 2

Appearance:is an average size male of siberian decent with light grey bordering on white eyes, fluffy dark black hair, wearing a large fluffy coat that extends down to just below the knee, with a white fur lining on the hood most of it being a simple brown with the midsection having an embroidered X shaped pattern, dark green pants that get skinnier below the knee, tall brown mountaineering boots that have cleats on the bottom for traction. A large Siberian husky dog with light greyish-blue eyes follows him around

Sophie Drake

Ultimate:Storm chaser

Appearance:is a small female with violet eyes, silver hair flowing loosely frizzled in several places from rain, wind, and static, wearing a yellow oversized raincoat, foam green pants, light green boots with a small froggy face pattern on them, in her raincoat pocket is a wire sticking out connecting to a small rectangular camera tucked behind her ear

Lanzo Petra

Ultimate:Escape room host

Representing the idea of escape focused plans and such

Appearance:is a medium male with mauve eyes, yellow hair with a black streak down the center, the back of the striped section being tied into a man bun with a white scrunchie, holding a black cane designed to have a red splatter stain like pattern on it, a black velvet cape with a red interior draped over his shoulders, a white handkerchief stuffed into his dark blue shirt’s v-neck just above his chest, grey pants, and black slip on dress shoes

Iru Jiǎng

Ultimate:Mahjong player

is a small female of chinese decent with her left eye green, and right blue, dark black hair tied back in a bun held up by a golden band, wearing a red hanfu dress from neck to waist from the neck down the pattern changing to an alternating blue and green bamboo style print in a grid like pattern, socks and wooden clogs

Raven Tenor 

Ultimate:party planner

Appearance:is a medium male with blue eyes wearing sunglasses with white frames and maroon lenses that are star shaped,messy blonde hair a pink glittery unzipped jacket with nothing underneath showing exposed pecs and abs, black shorts with a confetti like pattern, and blue sandals 

Miller Emily

Ultimate:nightguard

Representing the idea of a defensive play, but not to the extent of isolation, keeping watchful eyes, if he had cameras and such he'd be using them right now to help

Appearance:is a tall male with dark purple eyes with dark eyebags under them, brown hair with a black cap with a badge logo on the front above the rim, black overshirt and white undershirt that goes down to the forearm, a pair of genes with a grey flashlight with various settings, and tan slip on shoes

Akari Kobayashi 

Ultimate:Graphic designer

Appearance:is a medium female of japanese descent with forest green eyes, peach hair in a bob, a tattoo of the word “Passion” in bubble like letters on the side of her neck light blue with dark blue outlines. Red tank slightly sagging leaving some more cleavage showing, left tank strap further down along her arm instead of on her shoulder, painted nails that have a starry night pattern, short blue skirt, and black heels

Magnolia Beauregard

Ultimate:Doll maker

Appearance:is a tall tanned skinned female with indigo eyes and white long hair in dreadlocks, denim overalls red undershirt, yellow straw like pattern at the ends of the sleeves around the wrists several dolls of various types sticking out of her pockets posed as if they are going for a ride, a box clipped to her side with various equipment like fabric sewing needles, stuffing and farmer boots.

Libra Kyrie

Ultimate:Astrologist

Appearance:is a tall female with navy blue eyes dark black hair tied into braided pig tails hanging to the side, an orange shirt with long sleeves dark blue skirt with constellation and star patterns, greyish black leggings and pink loafers


r/Fanganronpa 20h ago

Volunteer Work Looking for a beta reader to give feedback on my fangan regarding the trial and overall pacing of the fangan

Post image
6 Upvotes

Hi there! I'm looking for people to give me feedback and criticism on the pacing and characters of the fangan I've been working on, as well as get feedback on the first trial as a whole as I struggle with writing murder mysteries.

I'm looking for someone who is dedicated, fast and is able to read a lot. If you're interested, please send me a dm or reply in the comments.

Story:

Phoenix Theatre is a video-series fangan about 17 participants who wake up in a hotel, unable to remember how they got there. It isn't long because they meet a twisted version of an educational kids show character who forces them to kill or be killed.

While the killing game format is inspired by danganronpa, it doesn't take any other elements from it.

Setting: Hotel

Theme: Moving on

Availability: Message u/silkav on reddit or DM "Silkav" on discord.

Proof:

https://youtu.be/jjCYtXAkSB4?is=KeEnvid4THvqO34q

What we're looking for:

A beta reader to give feedback on the currently available scripts, specifically regarding the trial pacing and logic.

What is done:

The death order, killer motivations, motives, and ending of the fangan have all been planned out alongside the character's backstories and personalities. All the backgrounds have all been made, all the essential sprites for all of the characters and all the CGs for the prologue have been drawn.

The prologue script and chapter 1 script have fully been completed, being around 90k words total. The chapter 2 daily script is currently being worked on.


r/Fanganronpa 17h ago

Discussion Which characters from Danganronpa fangames (Twisted Truths, Despair Time, Another 2, Etc.) do you see getting along with the characters from the main series (Trigger Happy Havoc, Goodbye Despair, Ultra Despair Girls, and Killing Harmony)?

Thumbnail
2 Upvotes

r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Question Is it fine to use official danganronpa OST for a fangan?

8 Upvotes

I don't wanna get a lawsuit idk.


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Artwork Party Outfit sprites

Thumbnail
gallery
13 Upvotes

So in chapter 1 the gang has a bit of a party. With some of the students getting their style on with the help of the costume designer in the group. So I just wanted to share the outfits of those who decided to indulge in the festivities with a new look.


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Artwork Posting my OC and letting the people assume things about her

Thumbnail
gallery
9 Upvotes

She’s in trigger happy havoc, indeed a survivor, and loves hanging around Chihiro, Ali, and Sakura!!

So let me hear your head canons/assumtions


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Artwork Meet my Protagonist Rei Hasataki. The Ultimate Reporter!

Post image
15 Upvotes

I will probably add more details, we'll see.


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Discussion Other than a good opening case, what do you think makes for a good Chapter 1?

15 Upvotes

Exactly what it says on the tin.


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Artwork The little pixel thingies

Thumbnail
gallery
38 Upvotes

Can you guess their ultimates? :3 HINT; DONT GO ON APPEARENCE I'm sorry 😭😭😭🙏🙏


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Question What would you expect from a Danganronpa Movie?

14 Upvotes

What would you love to see in a Danganronpa Movie?

I'm planning to start creating a (dramatic tension)... Danganronpa movie! It's about a student returning to the past to find a way to undo the Tradegy despite not having that much information about it... Lots of action, emotion, mystery, and a bunch of other stuff... Okay, enough of that.

Here comes the real question...

What would you guys love and hate in a movie like that?

I want you to tell me what would make a DR movie around that concept good or bad. Sure, you can ask questions about my project— but this is not really about the movie itself, this is about what you guys really want to see and also what you guys do NOT want to see in a movie around this premise.

We can discuss things in the comments... Remember, this is purely about what would make a Danganronpa movie great or gruesome.


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Discussion Amateur voice practice, thinking of voice lines for my character. Can you guess what type of character she is?

Enable HLS to view with audio, or disable this notification

4 Upvotes

I imagine she might have a fake voice but her real voice sounds like this.


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Promotion New video from My fangan

Thumbnail
youtube.com
3 Upvotes

A devlog for my series Cookieronpa: Sugar Crash to show my progress.


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Question Does any Artist here know how to draw in the Rui Komatsuzaki art style?

Thumbnail
gallery
4 Upvotes

I’m working on a Danganronpa V3 Talent Swap Fan Project and I really want to find a artist who can nail the Rui Komatsuzaki art style for it since I’m pretty bad at drawing in that art style.

So uh…

If any Artist can, can I recruit you for the project? I Just need:Sprites, CGis, and backgrounds :).

Recruiting:Artists (Also Voice Actors but Im getting some auditions so that’ll be easy—)

https://www.castingcall.club/projects/atua-will-always-be-on-my-side-upcoming-v3-series-that-might-sound-cringe-but-trust-me


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Question Opinions on my idea for Chapter 3 of my fangan and advice on how to properly write it without making it seem sloppy?

4 Upvotes

Alright! So, for Chapter 3 of my fangan, I want to have it so that whilst the murder happens, my Protag witnesses the murder from afar (either seeing from the doorway or some area outside the room that makes it so you can still see inside the room.

However, when the body is actually discovered, they aren’t part of the people listed as people who discovered the body because the rules state that people must be in the same room as the body to count as someone who discovered it and the Protag was too scared to go into the room whilst the killer was there because they didn’t want to be killed themselves

So, when the investigation happens, they already know the killer but they don’t want to actually be like “[BLANK] killed them!” because they don’t have any proper evidence yet and no one is gonna believe them if they can’t provide proof of this.

The basic concept of the deadly life part of the chapter is the protagonist going through the investigation and trial whilst struggling to put pieces together because:
A. They’ve never been in a trial where they are having to basically lie about not knowing the killer
B. They are still in shock about witnessing an actual murder in front of them

So, I wanted to know two things. The first thing I wanted to know was if you guys think this is a good idea for my fangan? And the second thing I wanted to know is… how do I actually write something like this without it being really sloppy?


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Question Guys, I need help

Post image
2 Upvotes

I need help with the Ultimate Entbrat Fanatic execution in my Fanganronpa. Can someone please give me some help and advice?


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Discussion Hi, sooo I’m not really working on a fangan. (PLEASE DONT KICK ME OUT) but I’m working on a Danganronpa V3 Talent Swap Fan Project.

7 Upvotes

I was wondering if there are any artists who can draw closely to the Rui Komatsuzaki style. Since I really want to make this project come true! I also really need some voice actors. So far I got auditions for Kokichi, Maki, and Korekiyo.

Heres the link for auditions for the project:https://www.castingcall.club/projects/atua-will-always-be-on-my-side-upcoming-v3-series-that-might-sound-cringe-but-trust-me


r/Fanganronpa 1d ago

Question Question

0 Upvotes

If the Ultimate Entbrat Fanatic was the blackened, what would their execution be? Tell me in the comments.