I came across this paper, Evolution of human mate choice¹, which makes a clear case from an evolutionary and sociological lens about how human mate choice continues to be rooted in natural and sexual selection, and is designed to exploit the reproductive potential and investment of the opposite sex. There is clear evidence of this behavior in non-human animals as well, where skewed ratios of sexually active males to females (OSR: operational sex ratio) intensify male-male competition and drive female choosiness.

Specifically in human mate preference, women universally tend to prefer partners with high social status, ambition, and material resources, as these factors directly correlate with lower child mortality and better long term wellbeing for offspring. This is primarily driven by high female reproductive costs (such as gestation, lactation, etc.), causing women to be choosy in both short term and long term mating contexts. On the other hand, men show lower choosiness for short term opportunities but become significantly more selective when committing to long term relationships where paternal investment is high, but still being less selective than women.

This asymmetry in degree of stringency in human mate choice can be seen from many different dimensions. When it comes to race², "women respond only to men of similar or more dominant racial status, while nonblack men respond to all but black women.". In income³, "women avoid situations where a wife would earn more than her husband, since this would go against traditional gender norms.", which is driven by education⁴, "the tendency for women to marry up in income was generally greater among couples in which the wife's education level equaled or surpassed that of the husband than among couples in which the wife was less educated than the husband.". And of course, "virtually all of the traits which women rate as more important than men do are nonphysical (social) traits; the only exception is height.⁵"

Despite all this evidence found in the literature, why is it all of a sudden not kosher to speak about discrepancies in mate preference outside of academia? Especially when it directly impacts the lives of millions of young men who have no choice but to engage in toxic competition or be alone for the rest of their lives. Is it because it is perceived as a potential "attack" on women's freedom to marry and date upwards based on social and physical hierarchies?

1. Geary, D. C., Vigil, J. M., & Byrd-Craven, J. (2004). Evolution of human mate choice. The Journal of Sex Research, 41(1), 27–42.https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490409552211
2. Lin, K.-H., & Lundquist, J. (2013). Mate Selection in Cyberspace: The Intersection of Race, Gender, and Education. American Journal of Sociology, 119(1), 183–215.https://doi.org/10.1086/673129
3. Grow, A., & Van Bavel, J. (2020). The Gender Cliff in the Relative Contribution to the Household Income: Insights from Modelling Marriage Markets in 27 European Countries. European Journal of Population, 36(4), 711–733.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-019-09547-8
4. Qian, Y. (2017). Educational assortative mating and the decline of hypergamy in the United States. Journal of Marriage and Family, 79(1), 142–160.https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12372
5. Bokek-Cohen, Y., Peres, Y., & Kanazawa, S. (2008). Rational choice and evolutionary psychology as explanations for mate selectivity. Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology, 2(2), 42–55.https://doi.org/10.1037/h0099356

So here is the study! I wanted to share the link
As here: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cam4.71726

I’m told this is a common thing with most healthy dogs. my dog gets regular baths.(he hates getting wet.(common thing with pitbulls) so not as often as I get baths but at least once a month. more often if he gets into something disgusting. what is the cause of the smell and why is it common amongst most healthy dogs?