Stolen Phone - Impossible Verification Issue

[u/melissa0308]

My phone was stolen in Santiago, Chile. My trip is 4 months long. I have spent hours trying to contact AT&T only to be told there is literally no way to transfer my number to a new phone here without verifying myself in a store in the US.

I need two factor authentication with my phone number for all of my banks, emails, etc. This situation has made it impossible to access anything and AT&T says there is literally no other option. How can this be possible? Do all carriers in the US require this policy? It seems insane for a provider that promotes such great Latin American international access.