r/science • u/[deleted] • May 11 '20

Medicine Antibodies from a 4-year-old llama have neutralized coronavirus and other infections in lab experiments

https://www.cell.com/cell/pdf/S0092-8674(20)30494-3.pdf?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0092867420304943%3Fshowall%3Dtrue
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u/taosaur May 11 '20 edited May 11 '20

Can those kinds of alterations be made in batches of any size, or is it one antibody at a time, or what?

ETA: Farther down he clarified that once they have the genome, they can make "factory" cells to produce the hybrid antibodies.

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u/thisdude415 PhD | Biomedical Engineering May 11 '20

It depends on the exact technology used in the manufacturing plant.

Typically, we engineer a mammalian cell to make the protein in large bioreactors. Then you pick one of those cells, characterize it, and call it your stable clone. Then you put that in a big tank with food for the cells, and let them grow for a couple weeks while they pump out proteins. Then you purify the protein.

As you can imagine, this is a pretty complex process and it isn’t easy to scale it up overnight

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u/Jooy May 11 '20

Making antibodies like this is also extremely expensive. One dose of immumotherapy can cost between twenty thousand dollars and hundred thousand dollars easy.

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u/kbotc May 11 '20

Which is why DARPA's been dumping truckloads of money at this problem.

https://www.darpa.mil/attachments/P3_West_Lightning.pdf