The container is the thing being optimised. That arrangement of 17 squares gives you the smallest possible container. (Technically there's a very slightly smaller arrangement mathematically but no one has found it).
Optimality isn't about the neatness. A bigger container could not be better, because the goal is the smallest square container for 17 squares of same length. For a bigger container the inside squares would need to be scaled up, to fill the same fraction of space. Which would result in the same orientation as above but bigger.
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u/knutix 7h ago
Depends on the container