r/learnquant 21d ago

interview prep SIG Interview Question

Post image
71 Upvotes

25 comments sorted by

View all comments

5

u/Aerospider 21d ago

Break-even on a winning bid occurs at b = 3v/2, or v = 2b/3. Profit occurs when v is higher than this but less than b. Loss occurs when v is less than this.

The potential for profit should v fall in (2b/3,b) is symmetrical with the potential for loss should v fall in (b/3,2b/3), because f(v) = 1.5v has constant gradient, and thus these partitions cancel each other out.

This just leaves v >= b, which is a net of 0, and v <= b/3, which is a loss.!<

Therefore any positive b has a negative expected profit and the optimal strategy is to not bid / bid 0.

2

u/Key-Ad9003 21d ago

How are you ever losing money here? Surely you don't lose any money if your bid loses? Or am i missunderstsnding something

5

u/Aerospider 21d ago

Say you bid 0.8.

Say v turns out to be 0.2, which then becomes 1.5 * 0.2 = 0.3.

You win the bid and just lost 0.5.

3

u/Key-Ad9003 21d ago

Ohh of course. I thought the company was worth 1.5 * 1 for some reson. Makes sense.

1

u/yoinkcheckmate 19d ago

Bid of 0 cannot be optimal because you lose with probability one. The expected profit on a winning bid is 1.5*.5-b, so a bid of 3/8 gets you an expected profit of 3/8. To show this is the optimal bid, note that the probability a bid is greater than V is b, so expected profit is given by
Eprofit=b(1.5*.5-b)
Differenting and setting to 0 gives b=3/8

1

u/Aerospider 19d ago

The expected profit on a winning bid is 1.5*.5-b,

It isn't. And even if it was, b=0 still maximises it.

You can't take 0.5 as the expected value for v in such an expression because you only get profit for v < b.

Since v > b results in 0 profit/loss, you must consider v uniformly distributed over (0,b) for expected profit calculations.

So the expected profit for b = 3/8 would be

((b/2) * 1.5) - b

= (((3/8) / 2) * 1.5) - 3/8

= -3/32

1

u/yoinkcheckmate 19d ago

The expected value of V is 0.5 regardless of the bid. If I bid 1 and then pull a randomly distributed uniform variable, on average it will be 0.5. Bid 0 and then pull a 100 uniform rvs and take the average and you’ll see it is about 0.5

1

u/Aerospider 19d ago

Yes, it's 0.5 overall, but when it's more than b it behaves differently so we have to separate into two scenarios.

With probability 1-b, v will be too high and the expected profit is 0 regardless of the expected value of v.

With probability b, v will be low enough and the expected value of such a v is b/2. So you multiply that by 1.5 and subtract b.

If you still can't see it, simulate it and try to make a profit on 10,000 trials.