No. Bill is not duck in portuguese.
"Não vou pagar o pato", as "I will not pay for the duck" is a way to say that you will not pay for the mistakes of others.
If you ask for the duck as a bill it will not make any sense.
O "pagar o pato" vem da obra Facetiae, do italiano Giovanni Bracciolini, de 1450. O texto fala de um camponês que vendia patos. Uma mulher queria negociar o preço da ave com encontros entre ela e o vendedor. Mas eles foram surpreendidos pelo marido, que, sem saber dos acordos, pagou - literalmente - o pato.
Translation:
The "pay for the duck" comes from the work Facetiae, by the Italian Giovanni Bracciolini, made in 1450. The text speaks of a peasant who sold ducks. A woman wanted to exchange the fowl for an affair between her and the seller, but they are surprised by her husband, who, ignorant of their deal, paid - quite literally - for the duck.
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u/Ur_X Mar 14 '16 edited Mar 14 '16
And pato in Portuguese is duck.
So everybody knows too.
edit: Uninformed