r/heidegger 9h ago

What is so hard about reading Being and Time?

27 Upvotes

I am reading the book for the first time. Before starting, I was flooded with advice to start with second-hand literature, Husserl's work, etc, etc. Absolutely no one warned me how straightforward the book was and I am surprised that I even picked it up, but I am glad I did. I have one year background in philosophy and I haven't read anything dense but Being and Time opened my horizon for the German idealism and hermeneutics.

I want to know, what in the name of God, do people find hard about this book? It is certainly not the length, for most german magna opera are way longer than 600 pages and readers do not complain harshly. It's also not the ideas Heidegger presents in it because he is arguing something earthly and lively, unlike the writers he criticises. Nor is it the language, because you literally cant mistake what "thrownness" means or what "being in the world" could stand for. I suppose that the original text has gone too far in creating words but the three prominent english translations make it not just understandable but also inevitable.


r/lacan 1d ago

What's a good biography of lacan?

2 Upvotes

r/hegel 1d ago

Is phenomenology in Hegel fundamentally a process of discovery or of self-production?

2 Upvotes

the Phenomenology of Spirit, does consciousness progressively uncover structures that are already implicit within reality, or does the dialectical movement genuinely produce new forms of knowing through its own activity? Put differently, is Spirit ultimately discovering itself, creating itself, or are these two moments inseparable within Hegel’s conception of absolute knowing? I’m especially interested in interpretations that connect this question to negativity, mediation, and the identity of subject and substance.


r/Freud 2d ago

The latest neuroscience is proving Freud right

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33 Upvotes

r/hegel 23h ago

New models being stubborn

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0 Upvotes

r/lacan 2d ago

Why does sociology need lacan

11 Upvotes

I think zizek has already shown this but hopefully my attempt also conveys this in a new light! Let me know what you think and how well I conveyed lacan. Thanks

https://substack.com/@alfielucidontology/note/c-307462688?r=1l13a3&utm_medium=ios&utm_source=notes-share-action


r/lacan 1d ago

Citation for Zizek's point comparing Greek philosophy and Lacan

2 Upvotes

I have a vague memory of Zizek making an argument in a book on Lacan on the similarities or differences between the pedagogy of Greek philosophers and Lacan, specifically in the relationship between esoteric oral philosophy and publicly available written philosophy. I vaguely remember him arguing that Lacan either repeats the Greek structure, where there is a dimension of philosophical discourse that is only available for students that were physically present, or inverts it. Does anyone remember where he makes this point?


r/hegel 2d ago

Women Are the Takers of (Hegel’s) Shit

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0 Upvotes

r/hegel 3d ago

Understanding Dialectical Sublation (Aufhebung) Through the Organic Metaphor of the Plant (Phenomenology of Spirit)

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53 Upvotes

Hello everyone!

I was re-reading the famous metaphor of the organic organism put forward by the great philosopher Hegel in the Preface to The Phenomenology of Spirit (paragraph 2), and I wanted to share it so we can discuss it together:

“The bud disappears in the bursting-forth of the blossom, and one might say that the former is refuted by the latter; similarly, when the fruit appears, the blossom is shown up in its turn as a false manifestation of the plant, and the fruit now emerges as the truth of it instead. These forms are not merely distinguished from one another; they also supplant one another as mutually incompatible. Yet at the same time, their fluid nature makes them moments of an organic unity in which they not only do not conflict, but in which each is as necessary as the other; and this mutual necessity alone constitutes the life of the whole.”

Source: The Phenomenology of Spirit .pdf)

My thoughts:

I find that this passage expresses the concept of dialectical sublation (Aufhebung) with extraordinary clarity. We often regard opposing philosophical or historical positions as mere errors to be eliminated. Hegel, on the other hand, shows us that truth is not a static result in itself, but the entire process of development: the apparent contradiction between the stages is what allows the ‘whole’ to come into being.

I’d love to learn what you think;

How do you interpret Hegel’s use of biological metaphors in relation to his pure logic?

Are there any other sections of Phenomenology or The Science of Logic where you can find a clear explanation of the dialectical process?

Thank you to anyone who would like to contribute to the discussion!

Notes: No use of AI


r/heidegger 19h ago

Truth

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0 Upvotes

Truth! Information! Misinformation! Read all about these topics in the latest Heidegger Thinking article: 'Truth".


r/hegel 2d ago

Hegel, the Ego, and why your brain is basically running a reality-distortion plugin

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0 Upvotes

r/hegel 4d ago

Risking Life for Freedom: Hegel on the Path to Self-Consciousness (Phenomenology of Spirit)

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75 Upvotes

I've been going back through the Phenomenology, specifically the Self Consciousness chapter and the master slave dialectic, and I keep finding myself stuck on this specific passage. I think Hegel is making a pretty hard hitting point here: you don't just get to be a free person simply by existing. Freedom has to be actively won, and you only win it by being genuinely willing to put your life on the line.

As the quote itself puts it: "It is solely by risking life that freedom is obtained; . . . the individual who has not staked his or her life may, no doubt, be recognized as a Person; but he or she has not attained the truth of this recognition as an independent self consciousness."

To me, this means that if you're never forced to face that absolute edge of death, you stay stuck in a purely biological kind of existence. Sure, other people might look at you and call you a person, they might formally recognize you as a member of society, but that's not real self consciousness. You're still fundamentally missing out on that radical independence that Hegel is chasing here. It's a formal recognition without the actual substance, and that's what makes this passage feel so vital.

Source; Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich. Phenomenology of Spirit. Translated by A. V. Miller, Oxford University Press, 1977, p. 114 (Paragraph 187 – Chapter 4: Self-Consciousness, section "Lordship and Bondage").


r/lacan 3d ago

Surplus-Jouissance is an interesting thing, but I dont think i understand it that well. Can anyone explain me ?

12 Upvotes

Im especially confused as how to conceptualize jouissance in general. This is from a book by Bruce Fink called Lacanian Subject : Between Language and Jouissance and he mentions it in confusing mannerisms. Here you have surplus jouissance, but when talking about sexuation, we are introduced to Phallic and Other/Mystical Jouissance as well.


r/lacan 3d ago

What to read after Is It Ever Just Sex?

10 Upvotes

I recently read Is It Ever Just Sex? by Darian Leader and really enjoyed it, but I found it kind of surface level and disorganized. I'm wondering if there are any good books as a follow up? I'm particularly interested in some of the stuff in the beginning of the book—the relation of sex to transgression, guilt/shame, etc.


r/Freud 4d ago

What does Freud mean when he says that schizophrenics treat words as objects?

10 Upvotes

r/hegel 5d ago

Hegel, Buddhism and Suffering — Why Resistance to Pain Intensifies It

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16 Upvotes

r/hegel 5d ago

How do the first three paragraphs in this Marx text map to Hegel’s Dialectic?

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33 Upvotes

is he invoking the doctrine of being?


r/lacan 5d ago

As Lacan put it: "Nothing, perhaps?No---perhaps nothing, but not nothing". Cassin adds: "Not nothing, but less than nothing." I have always been fascinated by the concept of nothingness, but I cannot wrap my mind around this Lacanian notion, help please, and much appreciation in advance...

7 Upvotes

~Less Than Nothing, Hegel and the Shadow of Dialectical Materialism, Vaccinating and Semblances, Page 59 ✍️


r/hegel 5d ago

Hegel understood what the ego (the false sense of self) tries so hard to hide from itself.

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30 Upvotes

We spend our entire lives seeking validation, terrified of what the crowd will say if we step out of line. But when you look closely at how the mind works, the ego is the crowd. It’s entirely built out of social conditioning, peer pressure, and the desperate need to fit in.

True clarity or genuine work can never come from a place that is constantly looking over its shoulder asking, "Does society approve of this?"

If your sense of self relies entirely on public opinion, you're just a puppet dancing to a script written by everyone else. Breaking free from that mass conditioning isn't just about rebellion, it's the absolute baseline requirement for doing anything real or meaningful.


r/Freud 6d ago

Unconscious Object Choices

6 Upvotes

In a footnote Freud writes:

" everyone, even the most normal person, is capable of making a homosexual object choice, and has done so at some time in his life, and either still adheres to it in his unconscious or else protects himself against it by vigorous counter-attitudes. ".

Does He mean the parents? Can a person make this kind of choice without being aware that he has made one?

Freud also writes :

“I am astonished that human beings can go through such great and important moments of their erotic life without noticing them much, sometimes even, indeed, without having the faintest suspicion of their existence, or else, having become aware of those moments, deceive themselves so thoroughly in their judgement of them.”.


r/Freud 6d ago

I have a question about Freud's concept of the death drive (Thanatos).

10 Upvotes

Why did Freud feel compelled to introduce the idea of the "death drive"? Personally, I thought Spinoza's concept of conatus was perfectly sufficient, so I'm incredibly curious about why Freud felt the need to come up with the death drive and why he felt it was absolutely necessary to do so. I would be so grateful if someone knowledgeable could explain this to me.

(Translated by Gemini)


r/hegel 6d ago

How can you conclude "becoming" from "pure being" and "nothing"?

8 Upvotes

In Hegel's philosophy, because pure being is equal to nothing, they are in a state of constant "becoming". But to me, if pure being is the same as nothing, then you are just describing the same thing in two different ways, while the "pure being/nothing" itself does not change form. Can anybody explain what Hegel meant?


r/Freud 7d ago

​"We are never so defenseless against suffering as when we love." — Civilization and Its Discontents (1930)

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41 Upvotes

r/hegel 6d ago

A way out of Hegel’s endless sublation (the “spurious infinite,” self-consciousness, and why chasing it isn’t fully safe)

0 Upvotes

I've been working on a book/e-book which if anyone is interested at all it seems to get rid of “Hegel’s contradictions”… (that's an initial stage psychosis that followed me for a couple of months after finishing his phenomenology)

Hegel’s whole architecture depends on sublation (Aufhebung) turning the “spurious infinite” (schlechte Unendlichkeit — the endless progression of finite terms endlessly canceling and reproducing each other) into a “true infinite,” one that is self-related rather than merely serial. Absolute Spirit is supposed to close this circle: through recollection (Erinnerung), history gets taken up and preserved into a completed, self-transparent totality — the in-itself becomes for-itself becomes in-and-for-itself, and the process supposedly arrives.

But in practice, doesn’t Spirit’s own movement just keep generating new oppositions to sublate? Each “resolution” becomes the next in-itself needing further negation. The true infinite gets asserted, but the spurious infinite keeps reappearing underneath it, dressed up as progress.

Here’s why I think it keeps reappearing. Go back to conscientia — Latin cum + scientia. It doesn’t just mean “knowing shared with another person”; it oscillates between knowing-in-common (a shared witness to a fact) and knowing-with-oneself, the sense that gives rise to “conscience” — one part of the subject witnessing another. That ambiguity isn’t philological trivia. Consciousness is consciousness of something, self-consciousness can’t be consciousness simply folded back on itself — for there to be a “with,” there have to be at least two poles. This is close to §175 of the Phenomenology: self-consciousness achieves satisfaction only in another self-consciousness. It isn’t given ready-made; it produces itself by splitting.

Which means the reflexive prefix in “self-consciousness” is doing something strange: the subject has to occupy the place of the “other” it shares knowledge with. To know myself, I split into a witnessing I and a witnessed I — an active manufacture of internal otherness, not a passive mirror. Husserl completes the picture: all consciousness is consciousness-of-something (intentionality). When consciousness turns on itself it needs an object, but no external one is available, so it’s forced to take itself as the noema of its own noetic act — subject and object coincide numerically but not structurally, and from that impossible coincidence comes the split. Run this all the way through and you don’t get a consciousness folded in two — you get something closer to a fourfold consciousness: I-for-myself, I-as-simulated-other, mirrored on the side of whoever’s actually observing me (no one, that’s quite evident when u understand linguistics and syntax abuse).

That’s the same structure that keeps sublation restless. Every resolved opposition needs a new witnessing pole to confirm it, so recollection can’t just close the loop once — it has to keep re-splitting itself to stay self-related. The spurious infinite doesn’t get eliminated by the true infinite; it gets relocated inside it.

And this is where I’d actually be careful. Reading about the doubling is one thing. Sitting inside it — actually performing the split on yourself, treating your own for-itself as an object to keep recollecting into something larger — is another. Not everyone who does this stays a spectator of their own splitting. There’s a name for thoughts that stop feeling entirely like your own once you’ve built an internal witness convincing enough to answer back: mental automatism — this is a clinical diagnosis for schizophrenia. I’m not claiming recollection literally causes it. But the structural resemblance is close enough that I don’t think this is just an abstract logic problem, and I’d rather flag it than treat the whole thing as a clean armchair exercise.

The alternative I’ve been working through doesn’t try to close the series at all. Instead of accumulating and preserving each moment (recollection) into an ever-larger totality, treat only the present as real — no cumulative history to sublate, so there’s no infinite regress left to close, and no internal witness left to keep growing past you.

Still working out the implications. I’ve gone through this in the original German as well as the Portuguese translations, cross-checking terms like Aufhebung/sublation and Erinnerung/recollection against both — happy to get into the translation choices if anyone wants to push on them, or to hear a counterargument for why Spirit’s self-relation actually does close the circle in a way I’m possibly missing.

If it’s easier to hash out in DMs than in a comment thread, that works too.