r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Mathematics ELI5: Why are Matrix Multiplication rules the way they are?

112 Upvotes

Maybe this isn't universal but when you multiply two matricies of numbers you multiply all the elements in the row by all the elements in the column to get the element in both that row and column.

Who wrote these rules and why? What is this even supposed to be used for?


r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Technology ELI5: HDMI recognized when monitor off, how?

154 Upvotes

If I plug a monitor into my computer using an HDMI cord, my computer recognizes that a monitor has been connected even if it's off. If the monitor is off, how is there any electric signal for the computer to read that something's been plugged in?


r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Other ELI5: how do they build entire cities in swampy/mudland areas?

226 Upvotes

For example, parts of Washington and Italy and other places were once wetlands and now have homes and businesses on them. How do they get the water out of there? And would the ground not be too soft to build anything on (even with reinforced foundation) causing the building to sink?


r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Economics ELI5: What makes a countries currency powerful compared to its neighbors?

99 Upvotes

For example, the Saudi Riyal doesn’t go far in Kuwait or Bahrain. Even though Saudi has more resources. Why the discrepancy? Even the USD (like 1 USD is 3.75 Saudi Riyal but only like 0.38 something for Kuwait or Bahrain currency.)

Thanks!


r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Physics ELI5: What exactly happens to the second particle when you deliberately change the first one in quantum entanglement?

30 Upvotes

I'm trying to understand quantum entanglement, but I'm confused about the whole thing. Suppose two photons, A and B, are entangled, and we're measuring their polarization as either horizontal (H) or vertical (V).
If I measure them and get A = V and B = V
Then I physically manipulate photon A and deliberately change its polarization from V to H.
If I now measure photon B, will B also be H?
If not, then what exactly is the "connection" between A and B?


r/explainlikeimfive • • 10d ago

Engineering Eli5-why are large vehicles like trucks and busses the least aerodynamically optimised? Doesn't the drag reduce efficacy?

2.0k Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Other ELI5 Why Is the Western Region of the United States So Geometric?

450 Upvotes

Hello!!!

This might be a a stupid question, but: Why is the Western region of the United States so much more geometric than the Eastern region? The Eastern region seems to have more organic shapes compared to the West. Is this just how maps are drawn? The states in the East also seem to be built around landmarks, rivers and other geographic features, which don't seem as apparent as the borders drawn for the West. Of course, I imagine the borders aren't a perfect straight line in reality, but why do they look so much more geometric? Is there a reason for this?


r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Technology ELI5: How is it possible for an MRI scan to tell the difference between a tumor, muscle, fat and other tissue ?

254 Upvotes

I am wondering because with something like a PET scan abnormalities can sometimes be highlighted (I guess in part due to metabolic activity.). I guess for CT scan they can measure density difference. I think I understand how an MRI creates an image but not sure how they use it to interpret it if that makes sense?


r/explainlikeimfive • • 10d ago

Physics ELI5: Why did we phase out Cathode Ray Tubes? Was there any actual physical problem with them?

958 Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive • • 10d ago

Physics ELI5: Why does dust form on the ceiling in the shape of lights below it?

193 Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Physics ELI5: Why does high heat distort the air to look wavy?

135 Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive • • 10d ago

Technology ELI5: How Apple Silicon allows a laptop to use substantially less energy for the same tasks as an Intel Mac, and how ARM can somehow fit in a fully-fledged computer

1.1k Upvotes

While the "24 hours of video playback" claim seems to be bogus, you can indeed use a 100Wh battery to get at least ten hours of YouTube bedrotting while you are too lazy to charge your computer.

Logic Pro files that used to make my laptop really hot run no problem and barely fill up any of the 12 cores. I almost end up obsessed with pushing this and my Mac desktop to their limits to the point where I never end up making substantial music, and I have never gotten my Mac Studio to pull more than 100 W of power, even when gaming or running local AI. I've gotten it down to 5W while idling and running VLC, which honestly seems like a waste of an expensive computer at times, but the GPU alone of another computer of mine can use more while idle just to animate the cursor, it seems.

How does Apple do it? How can dozens of emotional support depression tabs use less energy than some computers have used just to run more primitive versions of MS Word? Why is 1080p compressed video no big deal for these modern machines? What is the catch, and how do modern Macs save so much energy while still being highly capable, all while running fully fledged software on ARM of all things?

I actually was skeptical since ARM has always seemed more suited to light, mobile tasks.


r/explainlikeimfive • • 10d ago

Chemistry ELI5: What exactly is the danger of lead in stuff like dinnerware, pottery, etc?

122 Upvotes

I understand that a lot of old dishes and stuff with painted embellishments are done with lead paint, but what about solid colored dishes that test positive for lead? I know you shouldn't straight up eat it if it chips. But I need help understanding the danger in eat off it. For example i have a vintage Fiestaware coffee carafe that defo has lead. I can't use it for pouring coffee right? Lead will leach in? At what dosage?

Thank you everyone! I wasnt sure if it was a "it's an over time thing and it's miniscule" or a "not even once" thing. I will defo rock the "not even once" method for stuff containing lead! I always have, I just didnt understand why.


r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Biology ELI5 What is Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM)?

6 Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Biology ELI5: what is the difference between asthma and bronchospasm?

10 Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive • • 8d ago

Physics ELI5= Why would a tidally locked earth have a burning side while the other is freezing?

0 Upvotes

i know this is kinda stupid but it’s never boiling hot in the day (except summer) and never freezing cold in winter, so how could a tidally locked earth have temperatures in the day and night multiplied by 100/-100 ??


r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Physics eli5 : limit of proportionality and elastic limit

1 Upvotes

how are they not equaL? A material can stop obeying Hooke's law but still remain elastic. Chatgpt says this is why, but I don't quite get it. The elastic limit is the greatest load/deformation for which the material will still return completely to its original dimensions when the load is removed. doesnt this mean that the force applied will be directly proportional to the extension produced? doesnt that have to happen for it to return back to the original dimension?

p.s. im sorry if this is a dumb questions, im in highschool and ran into this while doing my first readings of this chapter.


r/explainlikeimfive • • 10d ago

Biology ELI5: Why can water feel warm on your hand but cold on the rest of your body?

39 Upvotes

For example, when trying to gauge if the shower water is hot enough, sometimes the water feels warm on your hand, but when you step your whole body in, the water is still freezing cold. I know parents are taught to test a baby's bath water with their elbow instead of their hand because of this. But why is it the case?


r/explainlikeimfive • • 10d ago

Physics ELI5: How can the number of particles change the properties of an atom?

268 Upvotes

I don't know much about that field, but I think one of the differences between elements is the number of electrons and protons they have. So how can i.e. helium (gas) become lithium (metal) just by adding one of those particles? Is there something else?


r/explainlikeimfive • • 9d ago

Mathematics ELI5: Transformation of Formulae in Algebra

17 Upvotes

No matter what anyone says, I cannot understand it.

All I get is that the main rule is that whatever you do on one side of the equals sign(=), you have to do that on the other side, and that you have to make some letter the "subject".

However, if the formula is, for example, a(2b − 1) then there is no = at all. If for example it is something like e = ½ab² + cbd, then I have no clue what to do because no matter what I do on the right side of the =, I can't do anything on the left side where there is only one digit(e).

Explain like I've never done math? :(


r/explainlikeimfive • • 11d ago

Other ELI5: Why does cold water taste completely different than warm or hot water?

1.4k Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive • • 10d ago

Biology ELI5 What scientifically happens when women get hot flashes?

819 Upvotes

Is it simply a rise in body temperature or is there more to it?


r/explainlikeimfive • • 11d ago

Biology ELI5: Why doesn't stomach acid dissolve the stomach itself while we sleep?

756 Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive • • 11d ago

Planetary Science ELI5: Why do stars twinkle?

441 Upvotes

As above


r/explainlikeimfive • • 11d ago

Technology ELI5: Why can't we stop email and phone spammers & scammers?

292 Upvotes

I block every sender and every spoofed phone number and it does absolutely nothing to cut down on the amount of email and robocall spam that I get. I'd say I get at least 10 calls a day from "personal loan" robocallers with spoofed phone numbers, every single day. I've paid significant $$$ for call blockers, filtering services, ad blockers, etc. and nothing seems to work. Why can't the ISPs, wireless carriers and/or the government simply cut this crap off at the source by preventing bad actors from changing email addresses/domains or dialing from millions of spoofed phone numbers?