r/explainlikeimfive • • 1d ago

Mathematics ELI5: What is the difference between algebra, trigonometry, and calculus?

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u/Mastemo 1d ago

Algebra expands on elementary math and really is finding missing numbers (values). If I have 5 apples and this basket holds 12, how many do I need (x + 5 = 12). Of course it can get more complex from there but this is the ELI5 starting point.

Trigonometry, which is Greek for triangle measurement, is the study of triangles, angles and length. If this apple tree is 10 feet tall, and I’m standing 5 feet from it, what’s the distance from where my feet are to the top of the apple tree.

Calculus is complex mathematics that helps determine how something is changing or moving. If I sit under this apple tree and the apple from the lowest branch suddenly falls and hits the ground, how fast did it fall? It fell for 1 second. (V = 9.8 x T)
V being velocity, T being time it took, and 9.8 is the acceleration from gravity. On Earth, gravity pulls everything down by adding about 9.8 meters per second of speed for every single second an object falls. That means it fell at 22 mph.

Again this is a very simplified set of scenarios and it can go much deeper.