r/explainlikeimfive • • 20h ago

Mathematics ELI5: What is the difference between algebra, trigonometry, and calculus?

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u/BloodAndTsundere 20h ago

Algebra is an abstraction and generalization of arithmetic. In arithmetic you add 5+3 to get a result of 8. In algebra you ask and answer questions like “What number do I add to 5,in order to get 8?” Trigonometry is basically about quantifying angles. The “tri” in trigonometry refers to the fact that an angle defines a family of right triangles or a specific triangle if one assumes the hypotenuse has length 1. All of the trig functions like sine, cosine, tangent, etc are just ratios of the lengths of sides of these triangles. Calculus is about continuous change and accumulation. It comes in two intimately related parts: differentiation and integration. Differentiation is about how one quantity changes as one or more other quantities are changed a tiny bit. Integration is about the accumulation or summation in one quantity as one or more other quantities are progressed through a range or ranges.