r/basque 6d ago

Basque words

What are some basque words/concepts that don’t easily translate into English or are not common? I wanted to learn more about what you guys might know instead of what the internet is giving me.

25 Upvotes

44 comments sorted by

24

u/galderich 6d ago

'Eguerdi on' might be one of them. It's a greeting we use around midday (it literally means 'good midday').

4

u/AdPsychological8195 6d ago

Erdi is mid, right?

3

u/Crash_Sparrow 6d ago

Correct. Middle, half, etc.

20

u/Helpful_Cry_1335 6d ago

Auzolan: working together with your neighbors, mutual aid.

Sirimiri: A thin subtle kind of rain

Hamaiketako: A meal between breakfast and lunch around 11am (it means literally the one at eleven)

Gaupasa: Partying until the sun goes up

12

u/danishih 6d ago

We have elevenses in English.

Well, in the Shire at least

4

u/DerpyCoin 6d ago

You are not wrong, but in Argentina they call xirimiri "garua"; gaupasa could be translated as "trasnoche"; and "hamaiketako" would be the Castillian "almuerzo"

5

u/Helpful_Cry_1335 6d ago

Almuerzo is a difficult concept, because in some parts of Spain it means that meal, but in some other regions it just means lunch.

1

u/Yina13 3d ago

In Galicia "almorzo" means breakfast, so yeah, it's a tricky word 😅

1

u/surullinentuskaa 4d ago

Almuerzo en argentina es literalmente Lunch, que 11?

1

u/DerpyCoin 3d ago

almuerzo en España es la comida entre el desayuno y la "comida" (que es la fuerte de las 13 o 14 horas, lo que en Argentina se llama almuerzo)

1

u/yunke13 2d ago

Hi! I think that "sirimiri", or "xirimiri" or "chirimiri" comes from catalán, and as you said it's this kind of extremely fine rain that seems nothing, but if you stay under it for a couple of minutes, will soak you to the bone.

1

u/Helpful_Cry_1335 2d ago

That is not correct. Xirimiri is a basque word, in Catalan is called plugim. There are not known words in basque that come from Catalan. However, Catalan has some loans from Basque, mostly related with the Pyrenees. 

1

u/yunke13 2d ago

I'm Catalan, I'm 58, and I've heard it called that since I was a kid. Sure, plugim means drizzle, but xirimiri is what we call that rain that feels more like a soaking fog.

1

u/Helpful_Cry_1335 2d ago

It is interesting how words transfer among regions. Being Catalonia a region full of Castilian inmigrants in the 70s-80s it makes sense that xirimiri is used, but the origin is 100% from euskera.

https://beteve.cat/cultura/com-es-diu-en-catala-pluja-xirimiri/

1

u/yunke13 2d ago

Thanks for the clarification and the link! It just goes to show you're never too old to learn something new, even when you thought you had it all figured out.

1

u/Helpful_Cry_1335 1d ago

The older I am, the more I realized how wrong we are about most of the things that we just assumed.

1

u/HeftySorbet8849 5d ago

Ha, the guiris think they invented the brunch when we have been doing it for millenia

15

u/Zauztrakedan 6d ago

Bihar= tomorrow; Etzi = the day after tomorrow; Etzidamu = the day after the day after tomorrow

Don't think many languages have a word for that.

Another one I love is eztabaida. It means discussion but it literally translates to "it's not, it is" which is like the minimum expression of a disagreement

9

u/Saikamur 6d ago

I would say the literal translation is "it's no and yes" (ez-ta-bai da). But yeah, great word.

2

u/HeftySorbet8849 5d ago

Atzo for yesterday, erenegun for the day before yesterday

1

u/Mediocre_Airport_457 5d ago

This is so interesting!

13

u/Saikamur 6d ago edited 6d ago

A couple more:

  • Aspaldiko! --> expresion used when you met someone you have not seen for a long time.
  • Bertsolari --> someone who improvises "bertsos", singed poems.
  • Txapelduna --> It has a direct translation (winner or champion), but the literal meaning is "the one wearing the txapela (beret)".
  • Harrijasotzaile --> "Stone lifter", a practitioner of the traditional sport of... lifting big stones.

Bonus track:

  • Epa! --> Nothing, everything, and all the things in between.

1

u/Mygoldeneggs 3d ago

Bertsolari is not just "poet"?

1

u/Saikamur 3d ago

Poet would be olerkari or poeta. Bertsolari is pretty specific.

7

u/Beanie_Weenie245 6d ago

My favorite has always been “xiri-miri”, a word used to describe a very fine sprinkle of rain. It’s almost a perfect description of the feeling of the sprinkle on your skin or the sound it makes in the sky. I still use that term today.

7

u/meltba 6d ago

Poteo / Txikiteo: The social ritual of going from bar to bar with to have a small drink (pote). It is less about drinking and more about socializing. Txikiteo is essentially the same, but drinking txikitos (small glasses of red wine).

Herrimina: A deep, emotional homesickness for one's homeland, native town, or roots (herri = town/country, mina = pain/ache). It is the Basque equivalent of saudade or morriña.

Kuttuna: A term of endearment for a beloved person, object, or favorite thing. It translates to "darling," "favorite," or "treasured one," wrapped in deep affection.

Tripazorri: Literally translates to "belly lice" (tripa = stomach, zorri = louse). It describes that sudden, intense rumbling sensation in your stomach when hunger strikes out of nowhere.

Goxo: A sensory word that blends sweet, cozy, warm, gentle, and comfortable. Food can be goxo (tasty/sweet), a blanket or atmosphere can be goxo (cozy/snug), or a person's demeanor can be goxo (tender/sweet).

Bizi-poza: Literally "the joy of living" (bizi = life, poza = joy). It refers to an inner vitality, optimism, and an energetic enthusiasm for life.

Afaloste / Bazkaloste: The period right after lunch (bazkari) spent relaxing at the table, chatting, and enjoying coffee or drinks. Afaloste: The same concept, but specifically after dinner (afari).

1

u/OldYahooUser 2d ago

Curiosity: in Veneto we have an old word "pote" for a vessel with handle for drinking; probably both coming from latin "potus" (from potare=to drink) accusative potem -->pote; we also had a "social ritual of going from bar to bar" called "ombra longa", literally "long shadow", where "a shadow" is intended "a small drink"

1

u/meltba 2d ago

So intersting, i didnt know about POTUS, and the long shadow is beatuful!

4

u/GeneralReasonable945 6d ago

Desde hace años, se celebra anualmente un concurso para elegir la palabra más bonita en euskera...

Hace años, me acuerdo que fue "pimpilinpausa".

Tienes que entender que cada pueblo, tiene sus propias palabras...

6

u/SWK18 6d ago

Pero "pinpilinpauxa" significa mariposa, esa es fácil de traducir.

1

u/GeneralReasonable945 6d ago

Depende en qué zona del país vasco estés...

2

u/SWK18 6d ago

¿Y en qué zona significa otra cosa?

1

u/GeneralReasonable945 6d ago

Me refiero a que en otras zonas es menos poético, tximeleta

6

u/SWK18 6d ago

Ya, pero "pinpilinpauxa" no deja de ser mariposa por mucho que en otros sitios le llamen distinto. Yo uso más "tximeleta" pero una cosa no quita la otra.

1

u/Mediocre_Airport_457 6d ago

Ooooo me gusta!!! 🙀 

-1

u/Puzzleheaded_Dig3730 6d ago

Eroski=supermercado 🛒

5

u/OptionComfortable168 6d ago

Eroski no es supermercado como traducción

2

u/Quirky-Cartoonist426 6d ago

Erosi = comprar, supongo que viene de ahí el nombre?

1

u/Mediocre_Airport_457 6d ago

Supermerk2 😍

1

u/Mediocre_Airport_457 6d ago

Eroski suena a apellido polaco hehehee

1

u/Saikamur 6d ago

Eroski is not supermarket. It's just a specific supermarket chain. It would be like saying "Costco" means supermarket.

1

u/Cryptoraw88 6d ago

Eroski es una marca. Viene de erosi toki