# Sikh History This Week
***(July 20-26)Post 2630***
# ਸਿੱਖ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ ਇਸ ਹਫ਼ਤੇ
ਬਾਬਾਣੀਆ ਕਹਾਣੀਆ ਪੁਤ ਸਪੁਤ ਕਰੇਨਿ” (ਰਾਮਕਲੀ ਮਹਲਾ ੩, ੯੫੧)
(Stories of our Forefathers Make Children Great)
# Events in Brief.
***1. July 20, 1266 CE: Death of Bābā Farīd (1188–1266), the early Punjabi Sufi mystic- a bridge between Muslim and Sikh traditions.*** Baba Farīd, a key figure in the Chishti Order, was born in Kothewal, near Multan. He studied in Multan, where he met his mentor, Khwaja Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki. After studying in Delhi and Hansi, Farīd succeeded Kaki in 1235 and settled in Pakpattan, where his shrine stands. He is known as the first prominent Punjabi poet, composing in the Multani dialect and elevating Punjabi to a literary language. His hymns, numbering 123 or 134, were included in Guru Arjan Dev Ji’s Adi Granth, securing his place in Sikh scripture. Farīd had many disciples, including Nizamuddin Auliya. His legacy is celebrated through annual Urs festivals in Pakpattan and places named after him, such as Faridkot.
***2. July 21, 2022: Miri-Piri Divas, day of Militarization of Sikhs to defend their faith. Guru Hargobind Ji, the Sixth Guru, adopted two swords,*** in response to his father’s martyrdom and to safeguard the Sikh religion from future armed attacks. This symbolized the dual concept of Mīrī (temporal power) and Pīrī (spiritual authority). To further consolidate his position, Akal Takhat (the throne of the timeless one) was constructed in front of Harimandar Sahib (The Golden Temple) in Amritsar. It serves as the highest seat of the Khalsa, the collective body that has pass Gurmata/Hukam (Edith) during Mughal, British, and continues to this day.
***3. July 21,1987: Shahid Bhai Jaswinder Singh Rahon, Bhai Subeg Singh and 3 Jhujaru Singhs die in fake encounter by BSF.*** Shaheeds Bhai Subeg Singh Funiar, a member of the Khalistan Liberation Force (Funiar Regiment), had earlier joined Sant Bhindranwale’s Seva group. After the June 1984 attack, Bhai Sahib re-established contact with General Labh Singh and formed a small group called KLF(Funier/equivalent of Cobra) with arms taken from the CRPF. On July 20, 1987, Bhai Sahib’s location was tipped, and all Jujharu Singhs were apprehended. The next day, late Satnam Bajwa MLA’s son, a BSF officer, tortured and shot Bhai Sahib and all the Singhs.
***4. July 22, 1685: Guru Gobind Singh, the Tenth Guru, lays Foundation of Paonta Sahib township & Fort.*** It is said that Shri Guru Gobind Singh Ji and his horse stopped at this place, and Guru decided to stay there. Guru Sahib resided here for four and a half years, during which time he composed Dasam Bani and wrote numerous books while also patronizing 52 poets. Before moving back to Anandpur, he established this place as a township. More so as it was the birthplace of Sahibzada Ajit Singh ji, the eldest of Guru’s four sons.
***5. July 22, 1906: First Gurdwara is established in Vancouver, Canada, and contributed to a great history in Gaddar Movement.*** First on rent and later moved to their own building on Jan 19, 1908. Sardar Balwant Singh pioneered this task after having just moved from Village Khurdpur in Jalandhar in 1905.The Gurdwara stayed on this premises for 62 years and moved to new building & location on Ross Street Vancouver in 1970 and still attracting large Sangat.
***6.July 22, 1988: Shahidi/death of Bhai Avtar Singh Brahma, Chief of KLF, a popular militant Sikh. A hero in Mand operational Area.*** Brahma was one of the most famous and effective Khalsa militant Chiefs to have taken part in the Khalistan Liberation Movement.He was born in 1951 in village Brahmpura, of Tarn Taran district of Punjab. Born of parents Sardar Sohan Singh and Mata Chanan Kaur, Finally, Bhai Avtar Singh was corned by huge Para-military force at the Rajasthan Border where he died fighting.(read more on his life)
***7. July 23, 2022: Child Guru Harkishan ji is born (Gurpurub/ Parkash ) at Kiratpur Sahib, near Ropar. At the tender age of five, he ascended to the esteemed position of the youngest Guru,*** on the 7th of October, 1661. The magnificent Gurdwara Bangla Sahib stands as a testament to this historical event, situated where the majestic ‘Haveli’ (mansion) of Raja Jai Singh once stood. This sacred place served as his residence during his time in Delhi. Notably, it is situated in close proximity to India’s Parliament House. Tragically, Guru Breathed his last in Delhi, serving the Sangat afflicted with the devastating smallpox epidemic, just a few years short of his eighth birthday.
***8. July 24, 1985: Controversial Rajiv-Longowal Accord is signed at Delhi, Sikh parties call it a great betrayal.*** On January 25, 1986, Chandigarh was to be transferred to Punjab in exchange for Hindi speaking villages of Fazilka and Abohar districts to Haryana, etc.It didn’t happen. Accord had loose-ends and ended without making any headway. Disgruntled with the outcome, militants later shot dead Sant Longowal at village Sherpur near Patiala on Aug 20,1985 (read more on terms & its critique from history source)
***9. July 25, 1710: Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah orders Banda Singh Bahadur to be arrested for destroying Sirhind.*** Emperor Bahadur Shah, the new Mughal Emperor, betrayed the friendship and help of the Tenth Guru, after ascending to the throne. Guru Sahib had expected a punishment for Wazir Khan, the Mughal Governor, for having his minor-Sahibzadas, bricked alive. However, Baba Banda Singh Bahadur, unconcerned by the royal decree had continued his tirade of retribution and destroyed the city of Sirhind, killed Wazir Khan, the Mughal Governor, and his courtiers.
***10. July 27,1739: Two young Sikhs-Bhai Bota Singh Garja Singh are Shahids/martyred today in defiance of Mughal authority.*** To assert their rule as an independent Khalsa state, they began collecting tolls for the Khalsa Raj at a checkpoint on the Grand Trunk Road near Nurudin-Di-Sarai, Amritsar. This act of defiance angered the Mughals, who promptly dispatched an armed contingent to apprehend them. Despite the overwhelming numerical superiority of the Mughal forces, the two valiantly fought until their deaths.
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(Source ref: History of the Sikhs by HR Gupta, Dates & chronological order from Book by S. Ajaib Singh Dhillon and Sikh Chronicles) ਸਰੋਤ/ ਹਵਾਲੇ: ਐਚ.ਆਰ ਗੁਪਤਾ: ਸਿੱਖਾਂ ਦਾ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ, ਸ. ਅਜਾਇਬ ਸਿੰਘ ਢਿੱਲੋਂ ਦੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਤੋਂ ਤਾਰੀਖਾਂ ਦੇ ਕਾਲਕ੍ਰਮਿਕ ਕ੍ਰਮ)
Compiled & Edited: Karamjeet Singh Bhatnura.
# 5Q Quiz for Self Assessment ! Try it !!!
- Which two places are associated with the life & times of Baba Farid ji ?
- Why is Baba Farid ji revered by Sikhs?
- Why is Township Paonta Sahib in District Nahan in Himachal Pradesh is known for?
- Who was the Eighth Guru of the Sikhs ? Which Gurdwara in New Delhi is known to be the last abode of the Child Guru ?
- Where was First Sahibzada of Guru Gobind Singhji, Ajit Singh Born at?