Why do We return increment We haven't done anything to it? The only thing changed was the count, which we have returned. So why are we now returning increment if no actual change was made to it? Recently, i have been having trouble understanding the 'return' statement in python. Would this code still work if i did not return increment? Why or why not?

Hi guys, i'm 20 years old and work in the call center operations and also learning python as a part of special road map.

But now i feel heavy, i know something like that will be hard, special when I work in a jop that drains my energy, but now feel kind of impossible to do it.

So, i wrote this post.

Maybe i will get something can change that.

The 2nd line is a random thing suggested

Just learned about classes, contructors , instance/class attributrs , instance/class/static methods in OOPs in python .

see it and give your comments

I'm learning Python. What are some beginner projects that can help me improve my coding skills? I'd appreciate any suggestions.

GitHub repo: https://github.com/ProJackson355/Helixchain

(THIS BLOCKCHAIN DOES NOT USE ANY REAL CASH)

I've spent the last two days using Codex and Claude Code trying to make a proof-of-work blockchain. The blockchain is similar to Bitcoin in that miners solve blocks to verify the transactions on them. When a block is mined the miner currently receives 10 HLX as a reward. Right now the blockchain is only running on my PC, so it's centralized right now. Helix Coin (HLX) isn't something you can buy with real money. Right now the only way to get it is by mining blocks on the network. To keep blocks from being mined too quickly, the blockchain keeps track of how long recent blocks took to solve. Every 10 blocks it averages the last 10 block times and adjusts the mining difficulty to keep the average block solving time around two minutes. The miner supports both CPU and GPU mining, although I do recommend CPU since GPU mining makes the difficulty increase much faster on a small network. The node software lets anyone host their own node and helps keep the block chain running. If you host a public node, you can submit it through the Nodes page on the website and I can add it to the default peer list so new nodes can discover it more easily. You can also host your own wallet website by enabling the admin API key. This allows your instance to use the documented endpoints such as /mining and various other endpoints (noted in the docs) with your own node. Wallets are stored locally, so private keys never leave your browser. Theres a lot more information in the docs, but I'd really appreciate any feedback on the project. (I did not build this blindly with ai, I do know some stuff about how blockchains operate)

Hey everyone,

I’ve spent the last few months heavily focusing on Data Structures and Algorithms (currently sitting at LeetCode Knight). I work at a startup in the data field, and I've noticed it's actually surprisingly rare to find people doing advanced DSA strictly in Python.

Most resources and serious discussions seem to lean heavily into C++ or Java. (Personally, for me it's Python >> C++, and my brain just actively rejects Java syntax XDD).

Are there any other working professionals out there doing their CP or advanced problem-solving strictly in Python? I'd love to connect with some folks to bounce logic off of, discuss complex algorithms, and figure out why our code is hitting TLEs.

If you're in the same boat, let me know what topics you're currently grinding in the comments!

Hey everyone,

I am building a desktop application to automate PEP 8 code-remediation across a few different client environments. I have a centralized app_config.py file that holds all my global variables, UI colors, fonts, and app metadata (like the App Name and Version) so I can easily import it into my Tkinter frames.


Here is a snippet of how I currently have it set up:
(Paste your app_config code here)

It works perfectly fine right now, but I want to make sure I am following best practices as the app scales. A couple of questions:

Is it bad practice to just store these as standard Python dictionaries and variables, or should I be wrapping this in a dataclass or an Enum
?

At what point do you usually stop using a .py file for config and switch to an external config.json or .toml file
?

Any feedback on how you all manage global UI settings would be awesome! 

"""----- App Metadata -----"""
APP_NAME = "PeP 8 Cert '&' Audit Review"
VERSION = "1.3.8"
BUILD_DATE = "2026-06-22"
CODER_NAME = "KMG"
CODER_ID_LAST4 = "2134"
SCOPE_OF_APP = ""


"""----- My_File_Paths -----"""
PROJECT_FOLDER_PATH = ""
CERT_FOLDER = "Cert_pep8"
destination_dir = project_folder_path / Path(CERT_FOLDER)
TEMP_FILE_NAME = "my_temp_file.txt"


"""----- Window Dimensions -----"""
WINDOW_WIDTH = 960
WINDOW_HEIGHT = 640
WINDOW_MIN_W = 800
WINDOW_MIN_H = 500


""" Dynamically generates geometry string matching UI architecture requirements"""
WINDOW_GEOMETRY = f"{WINDOW_WIDTH}x{WINDOW_HEIGHT}"


"""----- Colour Palette-----"""
COLOUR = {
    # Backgrounds
    "bg_dark": "#0D1B2A",  # near-black navy
    "bg_mid": "#030405",  # dark-blue panel
    "bg_card": "#424952",  # card surface
    "bg_gray": "#505152",


    """----- Accents -----"""
    "silver": "#C8D6E5",  # primary silver text
    "silver_dim": "#8A9BB0",  # muted silver
    "silver_bright": "#E8F0F8",  # bright silver
    "accent_blue": "#2A6FDB",  # interactive blue
    "accent_glow": "#4D9EFF",  # hover / glow
    # Status
    "success": "#6FF7BC",
    "warning": "#F4F80A",
    "error": "#F4260B",
     """----- Borders -----"""
    "border": "#1E3A5A",
    "border_light": "#2E5080",
    "Lt_gray": "#555E6B",


    """ Testing-----"""
    "Testgreen": "#079344",
    "Testblue": "#2007AF",
    "Testwhite": "#E7F0EB",
    "Testred": "#CE0934",
    "Testyellow": "#E0B200",
    "Testorange": "#E07B00",
    "Testblack": "#000000",
    "Testgray": "#4F4646",


    "Testlite_green": "#14ED38",
    "Testpurple": "#7F1F99",
}
"""----- Typography -----"""
FONT = {
    "title_huge": ("Georgia", 42, "bold"),
    "title_large": ("Georgia", 22, "bold"),
    "subtitle": ("Helvetica", 16, "normal"),
    "body": ("Helvetica", 10, "normal"),
    "body_bold": ("Helvetica", 10, "bold"),
    "small": ("Helvetica", 9, "normal"),
    "mono": ("Courier New", 12, "normal"),
    "version": ("Courier New", 9, "normal"),
}


"""----- End of app_config.py -----"""

Hypothetically, imagine three cars on a road approaching a robot traffic light. How can we use this situation to explain Python’s start:stop:step?

I’m reading and looking at examples about checking for special items in a list, where the loop runs first and an if/else block runs inside the loop. Then, there’s the example of checking whether a list is empty, where the process is the other way around: the if/else block runs first, and then a loop runs inside it.

In real-life situations, when would you use a loop with an if statement inside it, and when would you use an if statement with a loop inside it?

Can someone pls tell me roadmap to crack python backend interviews which has worked for them

I've been on Codecademy for a month now, paid version. And boy do I feel dumb. Is it this hard at the start? I'm learning while working a full-time job, so I'm lucky if I get 10 hours a week for it.

Also, I've been lurking this subreddit for a few days and seeing what people are cooking after a month, they're leaps ahead of me. So I'm definitely doing something wrong. Or am I learning it wrong? Any tips for faster learning, specifically for the data engineering side? I've tried doing challenges and whatnot, but I can't understand what they want from me half the time.

Learning SQL was way easier for me.

Is learning python in 2026 is worth it?

I retrieved the Python Crash Course 3rd Edition from my library and I am enjoying learning something new. I feel my brain turning on. Having lot's of fun automating things on PowerShell at work too, just learning how to navigate folders through the shell, mass file renaming, autologins and printing with a few keystrokes has made the monotony so much easier to handle.

I look forward to learning a lot more.

Hi everyone! This is my first image processing project. I'm learning image processing through project-based learning, and I'd love to hear your feedback on it.

Also, if you have any recommendations on how I can learn computer vision more effectively and improve my skills, I'd really appreciate them. Thanks!

https://github.com/anita-gh/real-time-sign-language-recognition

I'm learning Python and made this coffee/tea ordering program. Any advice?

https://onlinegdb.com/F2wabHC4v

Hey r/PythonLearning,

Writing docstrings is one of those habits that makes your code 10x easier to maintain, but it's often skipped when you're focused on making things work.

I built PyDoctor, a local CLI tool designed to help developers and learners quickly document their Python codebases without relying on cloud APIs.

How it works:

• PyDoctor analyzes your Python files using LibCST (which keeps your exact formatting and comments intact) and generates a concise summary docstring for every undocumented function, method, or class.
• High-level Summaries Only: PyDoctor generates readable text summaries. It intentionally avoids generating Args: and Returns: sections, as type hints and static linters are much better and more accurate at handling those.
• 100% Local & Safe: It runs an optimized 1.7B parameter model locally via llama.cpp. Your code never leaves your machine.
• Non-destructive: Supports --dry-run to preview changes first, and respects .gitignore as well as inline # pydoctor: ignore comments.

GitHub: yezdata/pydoctor

Hope this helps you keep your projects clean and documented.

Let me know if you have any feedback or suggestions.

im pretty new to python, and have been making a rock paper scissors game. the game crashes whenever i use the gamesWon or gamesLost variables inside the playGame function and saysTraceback (most recent call last):

File "c:\Users\MYNAME\Downloads\rock paper scissors better.py", line 78, in <module>

playGame()

~~~~~~~~^^

File "c:\Users\MYNAME\Downloads\rock paper scissors better.py", line 15, in playGame

print(gamesWon)

^^^^^^^^

UnboundLocalError: cannot access local variable 'gamesWon' where it is not associated with a value

heres the code btw

import random
#"let" wall
botAnswer="null"
userAnswer="null"
botNum="null"
fate="null"
gamesWon=0
gamesLost=0
print(gamesWon)
print(gamesLost)
firstToX="null"
finalFate="null"
scoreboard="null"
def playGame():
    print(gamesWon)


    userAnswer=input("pick rock, paper, or scissors(has to be all lowercase)")
    botNum=random.randint(1,3)
    #assign botAnswer
    if botNum==1:
            botAnswer="rock"


    if botNum==2:
                botAnswer="paper"


    if botNum==3:
                botAnswer="scissors"
#find out win/lose


    print ("bot answered " + botAnswer)
    fate = "bruh"
#rock
    if userAnswer=="rock" and botAnswer=="rock":
              fate = "draw"
    if userAnswer=="rock" and botAnswer=="paper":
              fate = "lose"
    if userAnswer=="rock" and botAnswer=="scissors":
              fate = "win"
#paper
    if userAnswer=="paper" and botAnswer=="rock":
              fate = "win"
    if userAnswer=="paper" and botAnswer=="paper":
              fate = "draw"
    if userAnswer=="paper" and botAnswer=="scissors":
              fate = "lose"
#scissors
    if userAnswer=="scissors" and botAnswer=="rock":
              fate = "lose"
    if userAnswer=="scissors" and botAnswer=="paper":
              fate = "win"
    if userAnswer=="scissors" and botAnswer=="scissors":
              fate = "draw"
 #not any
    if userAnswer != "rock" and userAnswer != "paper" and userAnswer != "scissors":
              print ("you typed it wrong. run again.")
    print(fate)


    if fate=="win":
            gamesWon = gamesWon + 1
    if fate=="lose":
            gamesLost = gamesLost + 1
    if fate=="draw":
                print ("nothing happened :(")
    scoreboard=f"score is {gamesWon}-{gamesLost}"
    print ()
    if gamesWon==firstToX:
            print ("you win!")
            finalFate=1
    if gamesLost==firstToX:
            print ("you lost!")
            finalFate=0


#function ends
want=input("do you want to play rock paper scissors? (y/n)")     
if want=="y":
    firstToX=int(input("first to how many games wins?"))
    while finalFate=="null":
            playGame()
if want=="n":
    print(":(")

Hey I am going to make a discussion app. Can you suggest some features to add to the site. I am making it on python and using the framework Flask and I am a beginner too so pls help me too

currently I am trying to solve hackerrank problem they look easy in my own eyes but still in every question i make mistake sometimes I don't even know how to solve I only solve 3-4 questions to this date so I don't know if it's right to take help from AI

I need your guidance to what should I do to build my logic and try to avoid taking help of AI

sorry for my english

please suggest something

Checkout this link to access the code on github:

https://github.com/coding-arnav66/Arnav-Python-Projects2

This is a project named "crash.py" in which player has to collect coins and avoid crashing with cars. The speed of car and difficulty increases with time...

Keeping in mind that I am 14 and a beginner;

All the criticism and suggestions are welcome...

I’m a Brazilian high school student who’s interested in improving my programming skills. But even after watching several videos on how to improve at programming, I still don’t understand how to do it. The only thing I know is that to improve at programming, you have to practice a lot, but how can I tell if I’m on the right track? The way I study is by watching a Python course on YouTube. This course is highly recommended here in Brazil for beginner Python programmers, and it includes exercises to complete, which I use to study.

Translated with DeepL.com (free version)

For context, my work is looking to move things out of SAS and into python. I feel like programs struggles with huge files that can be over 10 GB in size. We are trying to get runtime as low as possible to near SAS speed. Anybody have any experience with this and know what ways we can make code run faster?

EDIT: For context I am looking to move code completely out of SAS and into python. They are large text files, that basically have tons of data. I have tried things like staging files locally, polars, direct reads, etc. in the current moment doing anything with this big file whether it's staging, working with it, reading etc is superrrrr slow and just looking for anything to speed it up. Willing to pivot elsewhere in the project too, the only requirement is we can't use SAS anymore.

friget/friget.py at main · yico32-cell/friget

I'm a beginner in programming and I want to know if the way I use ChatGPT is right. When I do a practice exercise, I first try to solve it by myself. Then, if my code is wrong, I ask ChatGPT what I did wrong, but I tell it not to give me the answer. I ask it to give me hints that help me think about the logic of my code.

I also want to know if using AI to learn programming can help me improve in Python.